Question 1

Preexisting rock that is subsequently altered to form a metamorphic rock is termed a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) xenolith 
B) source rock 
C) protolith 
D) phenocryst 
A) xenolith 
B) source rock 
C) protolith 
D) phenocryst C

Question 2

A pre-existing body of gneiss is subjected to heat and forms a melt.Later,the melt cools and crystallizes to form a(n)________ rock.

Accepted Answer

A) metamorphic 
B) igneous 
C) sedimentary 
D) metaigneous 
A) metamorphic 
B) igneous 
C) sedimentary 
D) metaigneous B

Question 3

The net chemical change in metamorphic rock induced by a reaction with hot groundwater is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A) foliation 
B) metasomatism 
C) anachronism 
D) hydrosomatism 
A) foliation 
B) metasomatism 
C) anachronism 
D) hydrosomatism B

Question 4

The figure below shows the application of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) tension 
B) pressure 
C) normal stress 
D) shear stress 
A) tension 
B) pressure 
C) normal stress 
D) shear stress

Question 5

Consult the figure below.The region of thermally metamorphosed rock surrounding a cooled pluton is called a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) shear zone 
B) aureole 
C) oriole 
D) metamorphic ring 
A) shear zone 
B) aureole 
C) oriole 
D) metamorphic ring

Question 6

Thermal (contact)metamorphism produces ________.

Accepted Answer

A) foliated rocks only 
B) nonfoliated rocks only 
C) both foliated and nonfoliated rocks 
D) Thermal metamorphism does not produce any metamorphic rocks. 
A) foliated rocks only 
B) nonfoliated rocks only 
C) both foliated and nonfoliated rocks 
D) Thermal metamorphism does not produce any metamorphic rocks.

Question 7

Broadly,metamorphism involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the settling of crystals in a melt as it cools 
B) the sorting of grains by size,as accomplished by rivers and beach waves 
C) the cementation of loose grains and the precipitation of new minerals into pore spaces 
D) changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress 
A) the settling of crystals in a melt as it cools 
B) the sorting of grains by size,as accomplished by rivers and beach waves 
C) the cementation of loose grains and the precipitation of new minerals into pore spaces 
D) changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress

Question 8

Which list properly orders metamorphic rocks from lowest grade to highest grade?

Accepted Answer

A) conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,and shale 
B) shale,slate,phyllite,and quartzite 
C) slate,phyllite,schist,and gneiss 
D) gneiss,phyllite,schist,and slate 
A) conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,and shale 
B) shale,slate,phyllite,and quartzite 
C) slate,phyllite,schist,and gneiss 
D) gneiss,phyllite,schist,and slate

Question 9

The mineral assemblage within metamorphic rock is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) always identical to that found within its protolith 
B) dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith 
C) dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation 
D) dependent on both the mineral content of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation 
A) always identical to that found within its protolith 
B) dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith 
C) dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation 
D) dependent on both the mineral content of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation

Question 10

Dynamothermal (regional)metamorphism occurs when ________.

Accepted Answer

A) rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building 
B) regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock 
C) the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile 
D) a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region 
A) rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building 
B) regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock 
C) the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile 
D) a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT part of the process that leads to the exhumation of metamorphic rocks?

Accepted Answer

A) continents squeezing together 
B) mountain belts collapsing 
C) erosion 
D) rising plumes of magma in the mantle 
A) continents squeezing together 
B) mountain belts collapsing 
C) erosion 
D) rising plumes of magma in the mantle

Question 12

________ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of marble.

Accepted Answer

A) Limestone 
B) Sandstone 
C) Shale 
D) Gneiss 
A) Limestone 
B) Sandstone 
C) Shale 
D) Gneiss

Question 13

A mineral within a metamorphic rock that can be used to provide a narrow constraint on the temperature and pressure of rock formation is termed a(n)________ mineral.

Accepted Answer

A) thermal 
B) index 
C) mafic 
D) halide 
A) thermal 
B) index 
C) mafic 
D) halide

Question 14

________ metamorphism affects the greatest volumes of rock and produces the greatest variety in metamorphic rock types.

Accepted Answer

A) Thermal 
B) Dynamothermal 
C) Dynamic 
D) Shock 
A) Thermal 
B) Dynamothermal 
C) Dynamic 
D) Shock

Question 15

________ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of quartzite.

Accepted Answer

A) Limestone 
B) Sandstone 
C) Shale 
D) Slate 
A) Limestone 
B) Sandstone 
C) Shale 
D) Slate

Question 16

Which of the following processes CANNOT occur in the formation of metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

A) the realignment of minerals so that they develop a preferred orientation 
B) the segregation of minerals into layers of different compositions 
C) the solid-state rearrangement of atoms or ions to create a new assemblage of minerals 
D) complete remelting of the rock,followed by solidification to form a new rock 
A) the realignment of minerals so that they develop a preferred orientation 
B) the segregation of minerals into layers of different compositions 
C) the solid-state rearrangement of atoms or ions to create a new assemblage of minerals 
D) complete remelting of the rock,followed by solidification to form a new rock

Question 17

Which of the following describes the progression of rock types through increasing metamorphic grade?

Accepted Answer

A) shale Ò slate Ò phyllite Ò schist 
B) basalt Ò andesite Ò rhyolite Ò granite 
C) sandstone Ò gneiss Ò hornfels Ò zeolite 
D) migmatite Ò slate Ò eclogite Ò schist 
A) shale Ò slate Ò phyllite Ò schist 
B) basalt Ò andesite Ò rhyolite Ò granite 
C) sandstone Ò gneiss Ò hornfels Ò zeolite 
D) migmatite Ò slate Ò eclogite Ò schist

Question 18

Consult the figure below.Compared with low-grade metamorphic rocks,high-grade rocks ________.

Accepted Answer

A) always contain more quartz and feldspar 
B) are produced close to the surface but high in the stratigraphic column 
C) are produced at greater temperatures and pressures 
D) are produced at cooler temperatures but greater pressures 
A) always contain more quartz and feldspar 
B) are produced close to the surface but high in the stratigraphic column 
C) are produced at greater temperatures and pressures 
D) are produced at cooler temperatures but greater pressures

Question 19

Precambrian metamorphic rocks are exposed at the surface ________.

Accepted Answer

A) on Mars and Venus but not on Earth 
B) at places in continental interiors termed platforms 
C) at places in continental interiors termed shields 
D) at the bottom of the deep sea 
A) on Mars and Venus but not on Earth 
B) at places in continental interiors termed platforms 
C) at places in continental interiors termed shields 
D) at the bottom of the deep sea

Question 20

A heavy book is placed on top of a ball of pizza dough,causing the dough to flatten.This is an application of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) normal stress 
B) pressure 
C) shear stress 
D) metasomatism 
A) normal stress 
B) pressure 
C) shear stress 
D) metasomatism

Exam 8: Metamorphism: a Process of Change

Preexisting rock that is subsequently altered to form a metamorphic rock is termed a ________.

A pre-existing body of gneiss is subjected to heat and forms a melt.Later,the melt cools and crystallizes to form a(n)________ rock.

The net chemical change in metamorphic rock induced by a reaction with hot groundwater is termed ________.

The figure below shows the application of ________.

Consult the figure below.The region of thermally metamorphosed rock surrounding a cooled pluton is called a(n)________.

Thermal (contact)metamorphism produces ________.

Broadly,metamorphism involves ________.

Which list properly orders metamorphic rocks from lowest grade to highest grade?

The mineral assemblage within metamorphic rock is ________.

Dynamothermal (regional)metamorphism occurs when ________.

Which of the following is NOT part of the process that leads to the exhumation of metamorphic rocks?

________ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of marble.

A mineral within a metamorphic rock that can be used to provide a narrow constraint on the temperature and pressure of rock formation is termed a(n)________ mineral.

________ metamorphism affects the greatest volumes of rock and produces the greatest variety in metamorphic rock types.

________ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of quartzite.

Which of the following processes CANNOT occur in the formation of metamorphic rock?

Which of the following describes the progression of rock types through increasing metamorphic grade?

Consult the figure below.Compared with low-grade metamorphic rocks,high-grade rocks ________.

Precambrian metamorphic rocks are exposed at the surface ________.

A heavy book is placed on top of a ball of pizza dough,causing the dough to flatten.This is an application of ________.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, revisited: Seismic Layering, gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

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