Exam 3: Matter

A __________ is any naturally formed, nonliving, firm, coherent aggregate mass of solid matter that constitutes part of a planet (or asteroid, moon, or other related planetary object).

Explain how the chemical composition of a mineral controls its crystal structure.

Solid, liquid and gas are the only three states of matter.

The presence of fossils indicates a specimen is which type of rock?

Within the upper mantle, from 350 to about 100 km below the surface, is a region called the __________ where the balance between temperature and pressure is such that rocks have little strength.

Diamond is the only mineral that is harder than glass according to the Mohs scale.

Regolith becomes a type of ____________, which is then known as ____________ if it is transported.

The specific gravity of a mineral is:

__________ are long, chainlike polymers made of amino acids bonded together.

Plutonic rocks cool more ____________ and have _____________ crystal sizes compared to volcanic rocks.

What obvious characteristic of a mineral sample is usually not helpful for indentifying a mineral?

Which of the following pairs of compounds are considered inorganic?

The product of rock weathering is a layer of broken-up, disintegrated rock matter called __________ .

The __________ of the Earth is a spherical mass composed largely of metallic iron, with smaller amounts of nickel and other elements.

Which of the following gives the correct order of the zones of rock strength, from the interior to the surface?

In the ____________ state, matter has a definite volume but its constituent atoms are able to flow freely past one another; the material does not retain its own shape but conforms to the shape of its container, taking on a free surface under the influence of gravity.