Question 1

Which two reproductive strategies tend to be the most similar in terms of tendencies toward mate selection, sexual behaviour, and parental investment?

Accepted Answer

A)  monogamy and polygyny. 
B)  polygyny and polyandry. 
C)  polyandry and polygynandry. 
D)  polygynandry and monogamy. 
E)  monogamy and polyandry. 
A)  monogamy and polygyny. 
B)  polygyny and polyandry. 
C)  polyandry and polygynandry. 
D)  polygynandry and monogamy. 
E)  monogamy and polyandry.

Question 2

The discovery of epigenetic modifications challenges the central idea of molecular biology that it is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that determines heredity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The ultimate test of whether natural selection will favour a particular phenotype(and its underlying genotype) is

Accepted Answer

A)  the nature of the adaptive advantage it confers on organisms. 
B)  whether the animal is a mammal or non-mammal. 
C)  how often the underlying genes express themselves. 
D)  whether the organism's behaviour involves feeding or reproduction. 
E)  whether it confers a competitive advantage over other species. 
A)  the nature of the adaptive advantage it confers on organisms. 
B)  whether the animal is a mammal or non-mammal. 
C)  how often the underlying genes express themselves. 
D)  whether the organism's behaviour involves feeding or reproduction. 
E)  whether it confers a competitive advantage over other species.

Question 4

One important factor that Darwin's theory of evolution did not explain very well was

Accepted Answer

A)  competition. 
B)  selection. 
C)  variation. 
D)  inheritance. 
E)  reproductive success. 
A)  competition. 
B)  selection. 
C)  variation. 
D)  inheritance. 
E)  reproductive success.

Question 5

Hamilton's breakthrough in explaining altruism from a biological perspective

Accepted Answer

A)  rested on his taking into account the viewpoint of the genotype rather than that of the organism. 
B)  involved the argument that natural selection favours personal fitness. 
C)  is based on the idea that altruistic acts are just as often aimed at friends and acquaintances as they are at relatives. 
D)  rests on the principle of reciprocation. 
E)  is based on the argument that altruists will have greater reproductive success. 
A)  rested on his taking into account the viewpoint of the genotype rather than that of the organism. 
B)  involved the argument that natural selection favours personal fitness. 
C)  is based on the idea that altruistic acts are just as often aimed at friends and acquaintances as they are at relatives. 
D)  rests on the principle of reciprocation. 
E)  is based on the argument that altruists will have greater reproductive success.

Question 6

Mutations involve

Accepted Answer

A)  the rearrangement of genes within a cell. 
B)  the rearrangement of genes between cells. 
C)  accidental rearrangements in the DNA code within a gene. 
D)  missing or additional chromosomes. 
E)  abnormally paired chromosomes. 
A)  the rearrangement of genes within a cell. 
B)  the rearrangement of genes between cells. 
C)  accidental rearrangements in the DNA code within a gene. 
D)  missing or additional chromosomes. 
E)  abnormally paired chromosomes.

Question 7

Psychology's main contribution to understanding cultural phenomena is likely to involve explaining how

Accepted Answer

A)  language evolved. 
B)  evolution has changed our behaviour as a species. 
C)  an organism's evolutionary history contributes to the development of behaviour patterns and cognitive strategies related to reproduction and survival. 
D)  thought and behaviour influence cultural adaptations to a changing environment. 
E)  cultural differences originated as a function of natural selection. 
A)  language evolved. 
B)  evolution has changed our behaviour as a species. 
C)  an organism's evolutionary history contributes to the development of behaviour patterns and cognitive strategies related to reproduction and survival. 
D)  thought and behaviour influence cultural adaptations to a changing environment. 
E)  cultural differences originated as a function of natural selection.

Question 8

Huntington's chorea involves progressive mental and physical decline in people between the ages of 30 and 40 and is caused by a dominant lethal gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Heritable changes in an animal due to the expression of an allele that is no longer present is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  X chromosome inactivation. 
B)  discordant inheritance. 
C)  knockout mutations. 
D)  prions. 
E)  paramutations. 
A)  X chromosome inactivation. 
B)  discordant inheritance. 
C)  knockout mutations. 
D)  prions. 
E)  paramutations.

Question 10

Direct manipulation of genetic material in order to identify the function of a gene is achieved through

Accepted Answer

A)  knockout mutation and active mutation. 
B)  genetic markers. 
C)  concordance research. 
D)  chromosomal mutations. 
E)  chromosomal aberration. 
A)  knockout mutation and active mutation. 
B)  genetic markers. 
C)  concordance research. 
D)  chromosomal mutations. 
E)  chromosomal aberration.

Question 11

Suppose that you are in a situation in which you must choose between saving the life of a close friend and the life of stranger. You choose to save your friend's life, an outcome predictable on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A)  inclusive fitness. 
B)  personal fitness. 
C)  reciprocal altruism. 
D)  kin selection. 
E)  nonfamilial altruism. 
A)  inclusive fitness. 
B)  personal fitness. 
C)  reciprocal altruism. 
D)  kin selection. 
E)  nonfamilial altruism.

Question 12

Which reproductive strategy is characterized by promiscuity and group rearing of offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  monogamy 
B)  polygyny 
C)  polyandry 
D)  polygynandry 
E)  polygenetics 
A)  monogamy 
B)  polygyny 
C)  polyandry 
D)  polygynandry 
E)  polygenetics

Question 13

Sociobiology tends to focus __________ causes of behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  ultimate 
B)  proximate 
C)  biopsychological 
D)  biosociological 
E)  social-psychological 
A)  ultimate 
B)  proximate 
C)  biopsychological 
D)  biosociological 
E)  social-psychological

Question 14

Discuss the distinguishing differences among the four types of reproductive strategies (monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, and polygynandry).

Accepted Answer

The answer to this question should provi

Question 15

According to the idea of kin selection, you are more likely to behave altruistically toward

Accepted Answer

A)  a brother over a sister. 
B)  a cousin over a brother. 
C)  your parents over any sibling. 
D)  a sister over a cousin. 
E)  an aunt or uncle over a sibling. 
A)  a brother over a sister. 
B)  a cousin over a brother. 
C)  your parents over any sibling. 
D)  a sister over a cousin. 
E)  an aunt or uncle over a sibling.

Question 16

Down syndrome is a hereditary disorder caused by a chromosomal aberration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The most common type of reproductive strategy among humans is

Accepted Answer

A)  monogamy. 
B)  polygyny. 
C)  polyandry. 
D)  polygynandry. 
E)  promiscuity. 
A)  monogamy. 
B)  polygyny. 
C)  polyandry. 
D)  polygynandry. 
E)  promiscuity.

Question 18

To the charge that their discipline ignores the role of cultural practices in shaping human behaviour and places too much emphasis on evolutionary factors in shaping cultural practices, sociobiologists argue that

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding natural selection helps explain the evolution of cultural practices and human behaviour. 
B)  cultural evolution has not been a significant factor in shaping human behaviour. 
C)  sociobiological theory does not apply to human beings. 
D)  animal behaviour has not been affected by cultural evolution and therefore it is unlikely that human behaviour has been affected by it. 
E)  cultural practices are too variable to be studied as a function of evolution. 
A)  understanding natural selection helps explain the evolution of cultural practices and human behaviour. 
B)  cultural evolution has not been a significant factor in shaping human behaviour. 
C)  sociobiological theory does not apply to human beings. 
D)  animal behaviour has not been affected by cultural evolution and therefore it is unlikely that human behaviour has been affected by it. 
E)  cultural practices are too variable to be studied as a function of evolution.

Question 19

In response to global warming and the greater supply of seeds, Reale and colleagues (2003) found that red squirrels in the Yukon

Accepted Answer

A)  declined in number because their reproductive patterns did not adapt. 
B)  gave birth two weeks earlier over a ten year period. 
C)  experienced greater competition from new animal species. 
D)  doubled the number of offspring over a two year period. 
E)  stored fewer pine cones due to the abundance of food. 
A)  declined in number because their reproductive patterns did not adapt. 
B)  gave birth two weeks earlier over a ten year period. 
C)  experienced greater competition from new animal species. 
D)  doubled the number of offspring over a two year period. 
E)  stored fewer pine cones due to the abundance of food.

Question 20

Suppose that the concordance values for a certain trait are very high for both MZ and DZ twins. This trait is likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic influences. 
B)  environmental influences. 
C)  weak gene-environment interaction. 
D)  strong gene-environment interaction. 
E)  similar parenting styles. 
A)  genetic influences. 
B)  environmental influences. 
C)  weak gene-environment interaction. 
D)  strong gene-environment interaction. 
E)  similar parenting styles.

Which two reproductive strategies tend to be the most similar in terms of tendencies toward mate selection, sexual behaviour, and parental investment?

The discovery of epigenetic modifications challenges the central idea of molecular biology that it is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that determines heredity.

The ultimate test of whether natural selection will favour a particular phenotype(and its underlying genotype) is

One important factor that Darwin's theory of evolution did not explain very well was

Hamilton's breakthrough in explaining altruism from a biological perspective

Mutations involve

Psychology's main contribution to understanding cultural phenomena is likely to involve explaining how

Huntington's chorea involves progressive mental and physical decline in people between the ages of 30 and 40 and is caused by a dominant lethal gene.

Heritable changes in an animal due to the expression of an allele that is no longer present is known as

Direct manipulation of genetic material in order to identify the function of a gene is achieved through

Suppose that you are in a situation in which you must choose between saving the life of a close friend and the life of stranger. You choose to save your friend's life, an outcome predictable on the basis of

Which reproductive strategy is characterized by promiscuity and group rearing of offspring?

Sociobiology tends to focus __________ causes of behaviour.

Discuss the distinguishing differences among the four types of reproductive strategies (monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, and polygynandry).

According to the idea of kin selection, you are more likely to behave altruistically toward

Down syndrome is a hereditary disorder caused by a chromosomal aberration.

The most common type of reproductive strategy among humans is

To the charge that their discipline ignores the role of cultural practices in shaping human behaviour and places too much emphasis on evolutionary factors in shaping cultural practices, sociobiologists argue that

In response to global warming and the greater supply of seeds, Reale and colleagues (2003) found that red squirrels in the Yukon

Suppose that the concordance values for a certain trait are very high for both MZ and DZ twins. This trait is likely due to

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Exam 3: Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Which two reproductive strategies tend to be the most similar in terms of tendencies toward mate selection, sexual behaviour, and parental investment?

The discovery of epigenetic modifications challenges the central idea of molecular biology that it is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that determines heredity.

The ultimate test of whether natural selection will favour a particular phenotype(and its underlying genotype) is

One important factor that Darwin's theory of evolution did not explain very well was

Hamilton's breakthrough in explaining altruism from a biological perspective

Mutations involve

Psychology's main contribution to understanding cultural phenomena is likely to involve explaining how

Huntington's chorea involves progressive mental and physical decline in people between the ages of 30 and 40 and is caused by a dominant lethal gene.

Heritable changes in an animal due to the expression of an allele that is no longer present is known as

Direct manipulation of genetic material in order to identify the function of a gene is achieved through

Suppose that you are in a situation in which you must choose between saving the life of a close friend and the life of stranger. You choose to save your friend's life, an outcome predictable on the basis of

Which reproductive strategy is characterized by promiscuity and group rearing of offspring?

Sociobiology tends to focus __________ causes of behaviour.

Discuss the distinguishing differences among the four types of reproductive strategies (monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, and polygynandry).

According to the idea of kin selection, you are more likely to behave altruistically toward

Down syndrome is a hereditary disorder caused by a chromosomal aberration.

The most common type of reproductive strategy among humans is

To the charge that their discipline ignores the role of cultural practices in shaping human behaviour and places too much emphasis on evolutionary factors in shaping cultural practices, sociobiologists argue that

In response to global warming and the greater supply of seeds, Reale and colleagues (2003) found that red squirrels in the Yukon

Suppose that the concordance values for a certain trait are very high for both MZ and DZ twins. This trait is likely due to

The Science of Psychology

The Ways and Means of Psychology

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters