Question 1

The human feeling of "satisfaction"at doing a job well can be thought of as

Accepted Answer

A)  primary reinforcement. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  conditioned reinforcement. 
E)  an unconditional response. 
A)  primary reinforcement. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  conditioned reinforcement. 
E)  an unconditional response. D

Question 2

A cumulative recorder was devised by Pavlov for the purpose of recording conditional responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Blocking occurs when a second CS is added, after conditioning to a first CS has already been completed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a CR is emitted in the presence of one CS but not in the presence of another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement in action?

Accepted Answer

A)  putting down a cooking pot when it is too hot 
B)  patting your dog when he obeys you 
C)  taking an aspirin to get rid of a headache 
D)  a mother speaking sharply to her naughty child 
E)  being fined for driving too fast 
A)  putting down a cooking pot when it is too hot 
B)  patting your dog when he obeys you 
C)  taking an aspirin to get rid of a headache 
D)  a mother speaking sharply to her naughty child 
E)  being fined for driving too fast

Question 6

What is the function of the cumulative recorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  It records responses as they occur in time. 
B)  It averages the number of responses made in each experimental session. 
C)  It records all the activities of the organism under study in an operant experiment. 
D)  It records only responses that increasingly resemble the target behaviour. 
E)  It records the cumulative number of reinforcements. 
A)  It records responses as they occur in time. 
B)  It averages the number of responses made in each experimental session. 
C)  It records all the activities of the organism under study in an operant experiment. 
D)  It records only responses that increasingly resemble the target behaviour. 
E)  It records the cumulative number of reinforcements.

Question 7

All of the following are considered kinds of learning EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  superstitious behaviour. 
E)  closed genetic programs. 
A)  habituation. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  superstitious behaviour. 
E)  closed genetic programs.

Question 8

__________ involves the termination of a __________ stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement; appetitive 
B)  response costs; aversive 
C)  negative reinforcement; aversive 
D)  punishment; aversive 
E)  stimulus generalization; conditional 
A)  positive reinforcement; appetitive 
B)  response costs; aversive 
C)  negative reinforcement; aversive 
D)  punishment; aversive 
E)  stimulus generalization; conditional

Question 9

All of the following are true about extinction EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it occurs when behaviour is no longer reinforced. 
B)  it is different from forgetting. 
C)  it is adaptive because continuing to perform a behaviour that is no longer reinforced wastes energy. 
D)  it will sometimes occur when a behaviour has not been rehearsed for a long time. 
E)  it is not the same as punishment because in punishment the response is actively deterred. 
A)  it occurs when behaviour is no longer reinforced. 
B)  it is different from forgetting. 
C)  it is adaptive because continuing to perform a behaviour that is no longer reinforced wastes energy. 
D)  it will sometimes occur when a behaviour has not been rehearsed for a long time. 
E)  it is not the same as punishment because in punishment the response is actively deterred.

Question 10

What conditions appear necessary for "insightful"behaviour to occur?

Accepted Answer

A logical starting point for an answer t

Question 11

Which of the following types of individuals is most likely to suffer from a flavour-aversion as a result of their medical treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  a gall bladder patient 
B)  a vasectomy patient 
C)  a cancer patient 
D)  a glaucoma patient 
E)  a hysterectomy patient 
A)  a gall bladder patient 
B)  a vasectomy patient 
C)  a cancer patient 
D)  a glaucoma patient 
E)  a hysterectomy patient

Question 12

In classical conditioning, a procedure that involves training responses to one stimulus but not to others, even if they closely resemble the original CS, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  extinction. 
E)  acquisition. 
A)  discrimination. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  extinction. 
E)  acquisition.

Question 13

Spontaneous recovery is said to occur when a

Accepted Answer

A)  previously extinguished CR suddenly reappears after an interval of time has passed. 
B)  CR is elicited by a stimulus similar to the one used during acquisition training. 
C)  CR is elicited by one CS but not other (neutral) stimuli. 
D)  UCR is no longer elicited by the UCS. 
E)  CR is no longer elicited by the CS but only by the UCS. 
A)  previously extinguished CR suddenly reappears after an interval of time has passed. 
B)  CR is elicited by a stimulus similar to the one used during acquisition training. 
C)  CR is elicited by one CS but not other (neutral) stimuli. 
D)  UCR is no longer elicited by the UCS. 
E)  CR is no longer elicited by the CS but only by the UCS.

Question 14

Stimuli that have reinforcing properties, but which are not primary reinforcers, are called

Accepted Answer

A)  conditional stimuli. 
B)  discriminative stimuli. 
C)  appetitive reinforcers. 
D)  conditioned reinforcers. 
E)  discriminative reinforcers. 
A)  conditional stimuli. 
B)  discriminative stimuli. 
C)  appetitive reinforcers. 
D)  conditioned reinforcers. 
E)  discriminative reinforcers.

Question 15

Distinguish among reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, response cost, and extinction.

Accepted Answer

The student's response should define eac

Question 16

The method of successive approximations relies on

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcing the target behaviour for successful shaping of novel behaviours. 
B)  reinforcing each and every response that resembles the target behaviour. 
C)  gradually withholding more and more reinforcement over the course of an experimental session. 
D)  reinforcing responses that increasingly resemble the target behaviour. 
E)  reinforcing desired behaviours and punishing undesired behaviours. 
A)  reinforcing the target behaviour for successful shaping of novel behaviours. 
B)  reinforcing each and every response that resembles the target behaviour. 
C)  gradually withholding more and more reinforcement over the course of an experimental session. 
D)  reinforcing responses that increasingly resemble the target behaviour. 
E)  reinforcing desired behaviours and punishing undesired behaviours.

Question 17

Behavioural pharmacology studies have shown that the effects of a drug

Accepted Answer

A)  can undermine the body's homeostatic balance if reinforced. 
B)  can function to facilitate stimulus generalization if they are psychoactive. 
C)  can be conditioned to the environment in which they are taken. 
D)  are less strong if the consumer knows about their effects. 
E)  are greater if the consumer does not know about their effects. 
A)  can undermine the body's homeostatic balance if reinforced. 
B)  can function to facilitate stimulus generalization if they are psychoactive. 
C)  can be conditioned to the environment in which they are taken. 
D)  are less strong if the consumer knows about their effects. 
E)  are greater if the consumer does not know about their effects.

Question 18

When Colin was young he was stung by a bee and had a severe allergic reaction. Now, many years later, whenever he hears a buzzing sound (including when people imitate a buzzing sound), he becomes nervous and panics. In this example, the conditional stimulus is

Accepted Answer

A)  the bee. 
B)  the severe allergic reaction. 
C)  the buzzing sound. 
D)  Colin's reacting nervously and panicking. 
E)  the bee sting. 
A)  the bee. 
B)  the severe allergic reaction. 
C)  the buzzing sound. 
D)  Colin's reacting nervously and panicking. 
E)  the bee sting.

Question 19

Primary reinforcers or punishers acquire their reinforcing properties through association with secondary reinforcers or punishers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

__________ produces a decrease in the frequency of a response because it involves the termination of an appetitive stimulus following that response.

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative reinforcement 
B)  Extinction 
C)  Response cost 
D)  Discrimination 
E)  Punishment 
A)  Negative reinforcement 
B)  Extinction 
C)  Response cost 
D)  Discrimination 
E)  Punishment

The human feeling of "satisfaction"at doing a job well can be thought of as

A cumulative recorder was devised by Pavlov for the purpose of recording conditional responses.

Blocking occurs when a second CS is added, after conditioning to a first CS has already been completed.

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a CR is emitted in the presence of one CS but not in the presence of another.

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement in action?

What is the function of the cumulative recorder?

All of the following are considered kinds of learning EXCEPT

involves the termination of a stimulus.

All of the following are true about extinction EXCEPT

What conditions appear necessary for "insightful"behaviour to occur?

Which of the following types of individuals is most likely to suffer from a flavour-aversion as a result of their medical treatment?

In classical conditioning, a procedure that involves training responses to one stimulus but not to others, even if they closely resemble the original CS, is called

Spontaneous recovery is said to occur when a

Stimuli that have reinforcing properties, but which are not primary reinforcers, are called

Distinguish among reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, response cost, and extinction.

The method of successive approximations relies on

Behavioural pharmacology studies have shown that the effects of a drug

When Colin was young he was stung by a bee and had a severe allergic reaction. Now, many years later, whenever he hears a buzzing sound (including when people imitate a buzzing sound), he becomes nervous and panics. In this example, the conditional stimulus is

Primary reinforcers or punishers acquire their reinforcing properties through association with secondary reinforcers or punishers.

__________ produces a decrease in the frequency of a response because it involves the termination of an appetitive stimulus following that response.

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Exam 7: Learning and Behaviour

The human feeling of "satisfaction"at doing a job well can be thought of as

A cumulative recorder was devised by Pavlov for the purpose of recording conditional responses.

Blocking occurs when a second CS is added, after conditioning to a first CS has already been completed.

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a CR is emitted in the presence of one CS but not in the presence of another.

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement in action?

What is the function of the cumulative recorder?

All of the following are considered kinds of learning EXCEPT

__________ involves the termination of a __________ stimulus.

All of the following are true about extinction EXCEPT

What conditions appear necessary for "insightful"behaviour to occur?

Which of the following types of individuals is most likely to suffer from a flavour-aversion as a result of their medical treatment?

In classical conditioning, a procedure that involves training responses to one stimulus but not to others, even if they closely resemble the original CS, is called

Spontaneous recovery is said to occur when a

Stimuli that have reinforcing properties, but which are not primary reinforcers, are called

Distinguish among reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, response cost, and extinction.

The method of successive approximations relies on

Behavioural pharmacology studies have shown that the effects of a drug

When Colin was young he was stung by a bee and had a severe allergic reaction. Now, many years later, whenever he hears a buzzing sound (including when people imitate a buzzing sound), he becomes nervous and panics. In this example, the conditional stimulus is

Primary reinforcers or punishers acquire their reinforcing properties through association with secondary reinforcers or punishers.

__________ produces a decrease in the frequency of a response because it involves the termination of an appetitive stimulus following that response.

The Science of Psychology

The Ways and Means of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

involves the termination of a stimulus.