Exam 11: Travelers Diarrhea: Identifying the Causative Agent

A characteristic of IL-1 is

An elderly woman presents with chronic fatigue, difficulty sleeping, a rapid heartbeat, and bulging eyes. Lab tests revealed autoantibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone. The most likely diagnosis is

An asymptomatic 35-year-old male Catholic missionary has returned to the United States following 12 years in rural Mexico. His routine physical examination shows elevated transaminases. His medical history in Mexico was unremarkable except for an auto accident requiring a blood transfusion of 3 pints of blood. What definitive lab test should be performed to determine what effective treatment should be prescribed?

The mother of a 9-year-old who is in the same school as another child just diagnosed with meningitis (even though the child did not know nor had any direct contact with the infected child) called the pediatrician, demanding her son be prophylactically treated. The physician suggests vaccinating the boy, doing surveillance cultures, and watching the child for symptoms. The medium that the lab will use has antibiotics in it and therefore is called a(n)

A 5-year-old girl is brought to your office by her mother who reports the child had a flu-like disease for the past week and now has developed a rash. Examination of the rash on the face and trunk shows general redness consistent with a slapped cheek. A singlestranded DNA virus that could be responsible is

A 57-year-old man presents with paranasal swelling, hemorrhagic exudates in the eyes and nares, and mental lethargy. Nonseptate hyphae are found invading the tissues. Rhinocerebral Mucor infection (zygomycosis) is diagnosed. What is the most likely underlying condition?

Which of the following cells is capable of attacking a certain tumor cell spontaneously (i.e., without prior sensitization)?

A pale 6-year-old girl from a poor rural area of Appalachia presents with chronic complaints of "tiredness, upset tummy and the runs." She is found to have microcytic hypochromic anemia. Bile-stained eggs with polar plugs are found in her feces. This infection can be prevented by

The T-cell antigen receptor is associated with which of the following characteristics?

Demyelinating lesions, increased IgG in spinal fluid, and chronic relapsing occurrences are characteristic of which autoimmune disease?

A 4-year-old boy has a yearlong history of repeated staphylococcal and streptococcal infections. He was referred to the genetic counseling unit where he was found to have depressed superoxide dismutase activity. Treatment with which of the following is most likely to be successful?

A 34-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain made better by ingestion of bland food. A diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori is made. If the DNA had been analyzed, a region of unique DNA coding for the Cag A protein and its type VI injection-like secretion system would be found. What is this segment of DNA called?

Parents bring in a 5-month-old who suddenly has lost developmental ground and is no longer able to hold his head up or sit up. In taking the health history, they did note constipation a couple of days before. The EEG confirms a pattern consistent with botulism. After assuring them that with monitoring and support the child will survive, the parents become terribly concerned that the loss of development might be permanent. What can you tell them about their child's prognosis?

Which of the following statements characterizes idiotypic determinants?

Which bacterial gene transfer process would be inhibited by free extracellular exonucleases?

There is an outbreak of watery diarrhea in six members of a party of 20 who ate at a Chinese restaurant the day before. Fried rice is implicated. What is the most likely causative agent?

A 10-year-old boy presents with an itchy scalp with the underlying hair becoming lighter. The patch has expanded to 2 inches. What should you expect to see in a KOHdigested mount of skin scrapings taken at the infected margin of a lesion from this patient with tinea capitis?

A 28-year-old neutropenic woman with Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia develops shock. What triggers the shock?

A noncompliant 70-year-old HIV-positive man with a $CD4^+$ cell count of $40/mm^3$ presents with a pulmonary infection caused by an organism that requires 4 weeks to grow on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. What is the best descriptor of the most likely causative agent?

A 25-year-old man who has recently started doing intravenous drugs presents to the emergency department with fever and evidence of mild tricuspid valve insufficiency. As far as he knows, he had no previous damage to his heart. What is the most likely causative agent?