Exam 8: Learning

Under which of the following circumstances is classical conditioning most likely to succeed?

Psychologist ______________________ proposed that reinforcement can affect not only those being rewarded but also those observing the reward.

Making Connections in Learning: Studies of the effects of attempts to quit smoking revealed that _________.

Instinctive drift means that an organism will __________.

A fixed stimulus-response (S-R) pattern is known as __________.

Bozo the dog knows that when his owner picks up his leash, she is likely going to take him for a walk. Therefore, he runs to the door. Learning theorists would say that Bozo has _______________ to his owner's retrieval of his leash.

Which of the following is true with respect to primary reinforcers?

John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner's (1920) classic experiment with Little Albert showed that __________.

By pairing a flashing light with a loud noise, a researcher has taught a rat to exhibit a fear response to the light. In this study, the rat's conditioned response (CR) is the __________.

Darren ate a cheeseburger right before he got extremely nauseous from the flu. Now, every time Darren smells a cheeseburger, he gets nauseous. Darren is experiencing __________.

Classical conditioning occurs when an organism __________.

Which of the following is true of learning?

Every time his dad returns home with bags of groceries, two-year-old Timmy looks at the bags and yells, "Cookies!" The child has made which of the following?

In Pavlov's classic experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. In this study, the sound of the bell acted as __________.

Which of the following best describes how operant conditioning works?

The researcher who discovered classical conditioning, quite by accident, is

According to the research of van Praag, Kempermann, and Gage (1999), which of the following people will most likely experience neurogenesis?

When posing for a picture, Marla started blinking before the camera's flash went off. To Marla, the camera has become __________________.

Making Connections in Learning: A new public service campaign targeted at getting people to stop smoking shows images of cigarettes and coffins. This campaign is using the principles of __________.

Which of the following decreases the likelihood that a behavior will recur?