Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

According to Piaget, an infant who accidentally sucks her thumb, realizes that she likes it, and purposely repeats the behavior is demonstrating which substage of sensorimotor development?

A 6-month-old infant randomly kicks her feet and discovers that there are bells on her right shoe. She begins to only kick her right foot to hear the sound of the bells. If placed in the same crib two weeks later, she will begin to kick her right foot. What will she be demonstrating by doing so?

An infant making the sounds "aaaaaaaaa" and "eeeeeeeeee" are two examples of what early language stage?

Describe three significant changes in the way an infant approaches her world from birth to age 12 months in the sensorimotor period.

Six month old Will is babbling in his high chair. Whenever he babbles the sound "da-da," his mother claps her hands and responds, "Will, you said Daddy!" Will's mother is reinforcing him to repeat the same utterance over and over. Which type of language theorist would say that language is shaped through such reinforcement?

What do secondary circular reactions focus on?

Jody has just turned 1-year old and tells her birthday party guests, "Me one." These early sentences show that Jody's receptive and __________ language are both evident.

What is the ability to use sounds, signs, or symbols to communicate meaning called?

A mother asks her son what he wants to drink. He replies, "apple," to which she says, "You want apple juice rather than orange juice?" The technique the mother is using is_______ and helps a young child to develop language.

Critics of Piaget now realize that object permanence occurs earlier than he thought. Which areas of development did Piaget's experiments focus on to demonstrate mastery of this concept?

Name and describe two ways that infants learn. Cite an example for each type of learning discussed.

According to Piaget, what is problem solving in which several schemes are combined and coordinated to reach a single goal?

Johnnie knows what an apple, an orange, and a banana is, but he does not yet understand that they are all within the category of fruit. What is this idea that all of these distinct types of fruit belong within the same larger category?

Which style of language learning is a child demonstrating if they are drawn to objects, spend more of their time in solitary play with objects, and interact with others mostly around objects?

What are a child's first words like?

Choose two areas of development in early childhood that are windows of opportunity according to this video clip and two ideas to enhance development in these areas.

What is it about infant directed speech that catches the infant's attention?