Question 1

In statistical work, a significant difference is one that is large enough

Accepted Answer

A)  to be meaningful to the experimenter 
B)  that it would rarely be expected to occur by chance 
C)  that chance cannot affect it 
D)  that it leads to retention of the null hypothesis 
A)  to be meaningful to the experimenter 
B)  that it would rarely be expected to occur by chance 
C)  that chance cannot affect it 
D)  that it leads to retention of the null hypothesis

Question 2

The smaller the level of significance

Accepted Answer

A)  the less the probability of a Type I error 
B)  the less the probability of a Type II error 
C)  the greater the probability of a Type I error 
D)  the less confident we may be in whatever statistical conclusion is reached 
A)  the less the probability of a Type I error 
B)  the less the probability of a Type II error 
C)  the greater the probability of a Type I error 
D)  the less confident we may be in whatever statistical conclusion is reached

Question 3

In practice we can never determine the actual power value for a given experimental situation, because

Accepted Answer

A)  the power curves are only hypothetical 
B)    
 is seldom exactly true 
C)  the assumptions underlying the test are rarely fulfilled 
D)  effect size is unknown 
A)  the power curves are only hypothetical 
B)    
 is seldom exactly true 
C)  the assumptions underlying the test are rarely fulfilled 
D)  effect size is unknown

Question 4

A man rolls a six-sided die to determine whether or not to reject a hypothesis. If the die comes up "1," he rejects the hypothesis; otherwise he retains it. Some hypotheses are true, and some are false. What is   
?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/6 
B)  1/3 
C)  5/6 
D)  impossible to determine from the information given 
A)  1/6 
B)  1/3 
C)  5/6 
D)  impossible to determine from the information given

Question 5

If sample size is very large and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis,

Accepted Answer

A)  the test should probably be repeated 
B)  one may put special confidence in the correctness of the conclusion 
C)  the true difference may be inconsequential from a practical importance point of view 
D)  the level of significance should be raised 
A)  the test should probably be repeated 
B)  one may put special confidence in the correctness of the conclusion 
C)  the true difference may be inconsequential from a practical importance point of view 
D)  the level of significance should be raised

Question 6

The effect size d does not depend on which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)  it depends on all of the above 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)  it depends on all of the above

Question 7

We will less readily detect a difference between that which has been hypothesized and that which is true if

Accepted Answer

A)    
 is high 
B)    
 is low 
C)  n is low 
D)  any (or all) of the above is true 
A)    
 is high 
B)    
 is low 
C)  n is low 
D)  any (or all) of the above is true

Question 8

The greater the difference between   
 and 
   
 the

Accepted Answer

A)  less the power of the test 
B)  greater the power of the test 
C)  larger n must be to discover the difference 
D)  smaller $\sigma$ must be to discover the difference 
A)  less the power of the test 
B)  greater the power of the test 
C)  larger n must be to discover the difference 
D)  smaller $\sigma$ must be to discover the difference

Question 9

In a statistical study, importance becomes a matter of

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical significance 
B)  judgment and values 
C)  rejection of   
D)  effect size 
A)  statistical significance 
B)  judgment and values 
C)  rejection of   
D)  effect size

Question 10

Consideration of which of the following factors illustrates most clearly the distinction between significance and importance

Accepted Answer

A)  n 
B)  level of significance 
C)  Type I error 
D)  p-value 
A)  n 
B)  level of significance 
C)  Type I error 
D)  p-value

Question 11

Under the conditions we plan to employ for our experiment, the power of our t test ($\alpha$ = .01) is .16. If we were to repeat our experiment 30 times under these identical conditions, we should expect to retain   
 approximately ____________ times.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  25 
C)  32 
D)  5 
A)  3 
B)  25 
C)  32 
D)  5

Question 12

In general, the larger the sample size, the

Accepted Answer

A)  lower the value of   
B)  lower the power of the test 
C)  greater the power of the test 
D)  more meaningful is a finding of a significance difference 
A)  lower the value of   
B)  lower the power of the test 
C)  greater the power of the test 
D)  more meaningful is a finding of a significance difference

Question 13

As compared to a two-tailed test, a one-tailed test

Accepted Answer

A)  carries less risk of retaining   
 when it is false 
B)  requires a larger n 
C)  carries less risk of rejecting   
 when 
   
 is fixed 
D)  has a greater probability of a false conclusion, of whatever type 
A)  carries less risk of retaining   
 when it is false 
B)  requires a larger n 
C)  carries less risk of rejecting   
 when 
   
 is fixed 
D)  has a greater probability of a false conclusion, of whatever type

Question 14

When   
 is .05, the power of the test is

Accepted Answer

A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given 
A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given

Question 15

When   
 is .05, the probability of a Type I error is

Accepted Answer

A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given 
A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given

Question 16

The question most directly related to adequate power is

Accepted Answer

A)  Should I use hypothesis testing or estimation? 
B)  Is my sample large enough? 
C)  Is sampling random or systematic? 
D)  Is the population standard deviation known or unknown? 
A)  Should I use hypothesis testing or estimation? 
B)  Is my sample large enough? 
C)  Is sampling random or systematic? 
D)  Is the population standard deviation known or unknown?

Question 17

Mr. Jones tends to worry about drawing incorrect conclusions. He plans to select a sample of size 20 and to use the .01 level of significance in testing  
   
 against 
   
(a)If he obtains a 
   
 which type of error would he be worried about? Why?
(b) If he obtains a 
   
 which type of error would he be worried about? Why?

Accepted Answer

(a) Type II; 
 @#IMG-DLM& 
 and thus he

Question 18

When   
 is .05, the power of the test is

Accepted Answer

A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given 
A)  .05 
B)  .025 
C)  .95 
D)  not determinable from the information given

Question 19

An investigator retains all null hypotheses; some are true and some are false. What is

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  1/2 
C)  0 
D)  cannot be determined 
A)  1 
B)  1/2 
C)  0 
D)  cannot be determined

Question 20

A researcher plans to test 
   
 Her alternative hypothesis is 
   
 Complete the following sentences:
(a)A Type I error is possible only if the population mean is ____________.
(b)A Type II error is possible only if the population mean is ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher plans to test 
 ...

In statistical work, a significant difference is one that is large enough

The smaller the level of significance

In practice we can never determine the actual power value for a given experimental situation, because

A man rolls a six-sided die to determine whether or not to reject a hypothesis. If the die comes up "1," he rejects the hypothesis; otherwise he retains it. Some hypotheses are true, and some are false. What is ?

If sample size is very large and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis,

The effect size d does not depend on which of the following

We will less readily detect a difference between that which has been hypothesized and that which is true if

The greater the difference between and the

In a statistical study, importance becomes a matter of

Consideration of which of the following factors illustrates most clearly the distinction between significance and importance

In general, the larger the sample size, the

As compared to a two-tailed test, a one-tailed test

When is .05, the power of the test is

When is .05, the probability of a Type I error is

The question most directly related to adequate power is

When is .05, the power of the test is

An investigator retains all null hypotheses; some are true and some are false. What is

A researcher plans to test Her alternative hypothesis is Complete the following sentences: (a)A Type I error is possible only if the population mean is . (b)A Type II error is possible only if the population mean is .

Introduction

Frequency Distributions, Percentiles,

Graphic Representation of Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability and Standard Z Scores

Standard Scores and the Normal Curve

Correlation

Prediction

Interpretive Aspects of Correlation and Regression

Probability

Random Sampling and Sampling Distributions

Introduction to Statistical Inference: Testing Hypotheses About Single Means Z and T

Testing Hypotheses About the Difference Between Two Independent Groups

Testing for a Difference

Inference About Correlation Coefficients

An Alternative to Hypothesis Testing: Confidence Intervals

Testing for Differences Among Three or More Groups: One-Way Analysis of Variance and Some Alternatives

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square and Inference About Frequencies

Some Almost Assumption-Free Tests

Filters

Exam 13: Interpreting the Results of Hypothesis Testing: Effect Size, Type I and Type II Errors, and Power

In statistical work, a significant difference is one that is large enough

The smaller the level of significance

In practice we can never determine the actual power value for a given experimental situation, because

A man rolls a six-sided die to determine whether or not to reject a hypothesis. If the die comes up "1," he rejects the hypothesis; otherwise he retains it. Some hypotheses are true, and some are false. What is ?

If sample size is very large and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis,

The effect size d does not depend on which of the following

We will less readily detect a difference between that which has been hypothesized and that which is true if

The greater the difference between and the

In a statistical study, importance becomes a matter of

Consideration of which of the following factors illustrates most clearly the distinction between significance and importance

Under the conditions we plan to employ for our experiment, the power of our t test ( α\alphaα = .01) is .16. If we were to repeat our experiment 30 times under these identical conditions, we should expect to retain approximately ____________ times.

In general, the larger the sample size, the

As compared to a two-tailed test, a one-tailed test

When is .05, the power of the test is

When is .05, the probability of a Type I error is

The question most directly related to adequate power is

When is .05, the power of the test is

An investigator retains all null hypotheses; some are true and some are false. What is

A researcher plans to test Her alternative hypothesis is Complete the following sentences: (a)A Type I error is possible only if the population mean is ____________. (b)A Type II error is possible only if the population mean is ____________.

Introduction

Frequency Distributions, Percentiles,

Graphic Representation of Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability and Standard Z Scores

Standard Scores and the Normal Curve

Correlation

Prediction

Interpretive Aspects of Correlation and Regression

Probability

Random Sampling and Sampling Distributions

Introduction to Statistical Inference: Testing Hypotheses About Single Means Z and T

Testing Hypotheses About the Difference Between Two Independent Groups

Testing for a Difference

Inference About Correlation Coefficients

An Alternative to Hypothesis Testing: Confidence Intervals

Testing for Differences Among Three or More Groups: One-Way Analysis of Variance and Some Alternatives

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square and Inference About Frequencies

Some Almost Assumption-Free Tests

Filters

A researcher plans to test Her alternative hypothesis is Complete the following sentences: (a)A Type I error is possible only if the population mean is . (b)A Type II error is possible only if the population mean is .