Question 1

MATCHING
Indicate below which texts are examples of primary literature and which are examples of secondary literature.
-Science,a peer-reviewed scientific journal

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
A) primary 
B) secondary

Question 2

This graph shows which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a positive correlation between the sale/consumption of organic food and the number of individuals diagnosed with autism between 1998 and 2007. 
B) The increased consumption of organic food has led to an increase in the rate of autism between 1998 and 2007. 
C) Consuming organic food causes autism. 
D) There is positive evidence that a cause-and-effect relationship exists between the consumption of organic food and the development of autism. 
A) There is a positive correlation between the sale/consumption of organic food and the number of individuals diagnosed with autism between 1998 and 2007. 
B) The increased consumption of organic food has led to an increase in the rate of autism between 1998 and 2007. 
C) Consuming organic food causes autism. 
D) There is positive evidence that a cause-and-effect relationship exists between the consumption of organic food and the development of autism.

Question 3

Peer-reviewed scientific journals,technical reports,conference proceedings,and dissertations are considered ________ literature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peer-reviewed scientific journals,technical reports,conference proceedings,and dissertations are...

Question 4

Developing a scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

Accepted Answer

A) observing a quantifiable natural phenomena. 
B) proving an answer. 
C) making a prediction. 
D) testing a hypothesis. 
A) observing a quantifiable natural phenomena. 
B) proving an answer. 
C) making a prediction. 
D) testing a hypothesis.

Question 5

The federally funded Centers for Disease Control routinely collect and evaluate data regarding communicable diseases.This information helps researchers make recommendations regarding vaccination schedules for children and adults.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) basic research. 
B) applied research. 
C) a case-control study. 
D) a cohort study. 
A) basic research. 
B) applied research. 
C) a case-control study. 
D) a cohort study.

Question 6

Evaluate the following and determine whether or not the treatment method is most likely based on science or pseudoscience.Provide a brief explanation of your answer.
"The symptoms of your cold are similar to those of mercury poisoning,so mercury should be the remedy you use.Of course,you should dilute it by using one part mercury to one trillion parts of pure water.This one all-natural remedy will treat all of your symptoms.You can trust this method because it is a very widely used system of medicine in the world and its popularity is growing.Babies and pregnant women can use this method with no adverse effects and it works in harmony with your immune system."

Accepted Answer

This treatment is most likely based on p

Question 7

Based on the scientific evidence presented in Chapter 19 of Biology Now,which of the following is NOT the reason for the observed increase in incidence of autism in the United States and other countries since the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a heightened awareness of autism in society. 
B) More schools are screening more students for autism. 
C) People are generally more willing to label a broader range of conditions within the spectrum of autism disorders. 
D) The MMR vaccine is being more broadly administered,so more children are getting autism. 
A) There is a heightened awareness of autism in society. 
B) More schools are screening more students for autism. 
C) People are generally more willing to label a broader range of conditions within the spectrum of autism disorders. 
D) The MMR vaccine is being more broadly administered,so more children are getting autism.

Question 8

Claims that are characterized by scientific-sounding statements,beliefs,or practices but are not actually based on the scientific method are properly viewed as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Claims that are characterized by scientific-sounding statements,beliefs,or...

Question 9

Which of the following would NOT be a situation where your own scientific literacy would be helpful?

Accepted Answer

A) Should I take a cinnamon capsule every morning to help regulate my blood sugar? 
B) Should I spend the extra money to buy a particular pair of shoes that claims to help tone my leg muscles better than other athletic shoes? 
C) Will my cell phone cause me to have cancer? 
D) Which movie should I watch this weekend? 
A) Should I take a cinnamon capsule every morning to help regulate my blood sugar? 
B) Should I spend the extra money to buy a particular pair of shoes that claims to help tone my leg muscles better than other athletic shoes? 
C) Will my cell phone cause me to have cancer? 
D) Which movie should I watch this weekend?

Question 10

What is a first step an individual should take when beginning to assess a "scientific" claim made by another person?

Accepted Answer

A first step toward assessing the streng

Question 11

You are reading an article written by Neil Shubin et al.regarding the pectoral fin of Tiktaalik roseae in the peer-reviewed journal Nature.Dr.Shubin is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and is employed by The University of Chicago.This article represents a

Accepted Answer

A) primary literature presentation of basic research. 
B) primary literature presentation of applied research. 
C) secondary literature presentation of basic research. 
D) secondary literature presentation of applied research. 
A) primary literature presentation of basic research. 
B) primary literature presentation of applied research. 
C) secondary literature presentation of basic research. 
D) secondary literature presentation of applied research.

Question 12

What happens when the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC)recommended vaccination schedule is delayed?

Accepted Answer

A) Children are just as well protected from diseases as they would be if they were on schedule. 
B) Children experience a decreased risk of contracting disease than they would experience if they were on schedule. 
C) Children experience no change in protection from diseases as they would experience if they were ahead of schedule. 
D) Children experience an increased risk of disease if they are behind schedule. 
A) Children are just as well protected from diseases as they would be if they were on schedule. 
B) Children experience a decreased risk of contracting disease than they would experience if they were on schedule. 
C) Children experience no change in protection from diseases as they would experience if they were ahead of schedule. 
D) Children experience an increased risk of disease if they are behind schedule.

Question 13

You are reading an article in National Geographic regarding the evolution of humans.This would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) primary literature. 
B) secondary literature. 
C) peer-reviewed scientific journal literature. 
D) meta-analysis literature. 
A) primary literature. 
B) secondary literature. 
C) peer-reviewed scientific journal literature. 
D) meta-analysis literature.

Question 14

Announcing "scientific" findings in a press conference before they have been published in an established scientific journal

Accepted Answer

A) suggests there may be reason to question the validity of the results or conclusions. 
B) suggests that the results were too ground-breaking to wait for or need peer-review. 
C) suggests there is no reason to question the validity of the results. 
D) suggests that the media has scientifically determined the results to be valid and repeatable. 
A) suggests there may be reason to question the validity of the results or conclusions. 
B) suggests that the results were too ground-breaking to wait for or need peer-review. 
C) suggests there is no reason to question the validity of the results. 
D) suggests that the media has scientifically determined the results to be valid and repeatable.

Question 15

You are reading an article in Discover magazine about Tiktaalik roseae,the organism thought to be the link between fish and terrestrial tetrapods.The researcher that discovered Tiktaalik was publicly funded.This article represents a

Accepted Answer

A) primary literature presentation of basic research. 
B) primary literature presentation of applied research. 
C) secondary literature presentation of basic research. 
D) secondary literature presentation of applied research. 
A) primary literature presentation of basic research. 
B) primary literature presentation of applied research. 
C) secondary literature presentation of basic research. 
D) secondary literature presentation of applied research.

Question 16

Which of the following situations might present a logical reason for accepting a scientific claim made by a person who did not have appropriate credentials for making that claim?

Accepted Answer

A) The claim could be supported by other nonbiased and credentialed scientists who have conducted similar research and arrived at the same conclusion and been reviewed by their peers. 
B) The claim could be supported by many other noncredentialed people who share the same ideas. 
C) The claim could be supported because the person really,truly believes what he/she is saying is accurate from his/her own personal experiences. 
D) The claim could be supported because certain celebrities have endorsed the idea presented by this particular researcher. 
A) The claim could be supported by other nonbiased and credentialed scientists who have conducted similar research and arrived at the same conclusion and been reviewed by their peers. 
B) The claim could be supported by many other noncredentialed people who share the same ideas. 
C) The claim could be supported because the person really,truly believes what he/she is saying is accurate from his/her own personal experiences. 
D) The claim could be supported because certain celebrities have endorsed the idea presented by this particular researcher.

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT be a particularly negative consideration when regarding a researcher's possible bias?

Accepted Answer

A) The researcher has an ideological,political,or religious belief that will be supported by the scientific claims being made. 
B) The researcher stands to make money if others accept the claims being made. 
C) The researcher stands to gain in prestige if others accept the claims being made. 
D) The researcher has a PhD,MD,or at least an MS and years of experience in the field in which he is making a scientific claim. 
A) The researcher has an ideological,political,or religious belief that will be supported by the scientific claims being made. 
B) The researcher stands to make money if others accept the claims being made. 
C) The researcher stands to gain in prestige if others accept the claims being made. 
D) The researcher has a PhD,MD,or at least an MS and years of experience in the field in which he is making a scientific claim.

Question 18

Scientific studies that compare patients with a disease to those without the disease are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) case-control studies. 
B) clinical trials. 
C) cohort studies. 
D) in vitro studies. 
A) case-control studies. 
B) clinical trials. 
C) cohort studies. 
D) in vitro studies.

Question 19

Sue has twin baby boys and is trying to decide whether or not to have them vaccinated against chickenpox or to take them to a "chickenpox party" where they can be naturally exposed to other children who currently have chickenpox.Which of the following would NOT be a relevant question for Sue to research before making her decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Are there any scientific studies of observable and quantifiable claims regarding the chickenpox vaccine and/or chickenpox parties? 
B) Do any relevant studies make testable and falsifiable predictions related to a clearly stated hypothesis? 
C) Are the relevant studies well designed and described with large sample sizes,minimization of bias,and have the results been reproducible? 
D) Are there lots of parents on the Internet endorsing the chickenpox parties? 
A) Are there any scientific studies of observable and quantifiable claims regarding the chickenpox vaccine and/or chickenpox parties? 
B) Do any relevant studies make testable and falsifiable predictions related to a clearly stated hypothesis? 
C) Are the relevant studies well designed and described with large sample sizes,minimization of bias,and have the results been reproducible? 
D) Are there lots of parents on the Internet endorsing the chickenpox parties?

Question 20

Scientists working for a major cosmetics company are attempting to determine if a new face cream can reduce the number of fine lines and wrinkles on a person's face.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) applied research. 
B) basic research. 
C) meta-analysis. 
D) cohort study. 
A) applied research. 
B) basic research. 
C) meta-analysis. 
D) cohort study.

MATCHING Indicate below which texts are examples of primary literature and which are examples of secondary literature. -Science,a peer-reviewed scientific journal

This graph shows which of the following?

Peer-reviewed scientific journals,technical reports,conference proceedings,and dissertations are considered ________ literature.

Developing a scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

The federally funded Centers for Disease Control routinely collect and evaluate data regarding communicable diseases.This information helps researchers make recommendations regarding vaccination schedules for children and adults.This is an example of

Based on the scientific evidence presented in Chapter 19 of Biology Now,which of the following is NOT the reason for the observed increase in incidence of autism in the United States and other countries since the 1970s?

Claims that are characterized by scientific-sounding statements,beliefs,or practices but are not actually based on the scientific method are properly viewed as ________.

Which of the following would NOT be a situation where your own scientific literacy would be helpful?

What is a first step an individual should take when beginning to assess a "scientific" claim made by another person?

You are reading an article written by Neil Shubin et al.regarding the pectoral fin of Tiktaalik roseae in the peer-reviewed journal Nature.Dr.Shubin is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and is employed by The University of Chicago.This article represents a

What happens when the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC)recommended vaccination schedule is delayed?

You are reading an article in National Geographic regarding the evolution of humans.This would be an example of

Announcing "scientific" findings in a press conference before they have been published in an established scientific journal

You are reading an article in Discover magazine about Tiktaalik roseae,the organism thought to be the link between fish and terrestrial tetrapods.The researcher that discovered Tiktaalik was publicly funded.This article represents a

Which of the following situations might present a logical reason for accepting a scientific claim made by a person who did not have appropriate credentials for making that claim?

Which of the following would NOT be a particularly negative consideration when regarding a researcher's possible bias?

Scientific studies that compare patients with a disease to those without the disease are referred to as

Scientists working for a major cosmetics company are attempting to determine if a new face cream can reduce the number of fine lines and wrinkles on a person's face.This is an example of

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Human Evolution

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Filters

Exam 19: Applying the Science

MATCHING Indicate below which texts are examples of primary literature and which are examples of secondary literature. -Science,a peer-reviewed scientific journal

This graph shows which of the following?

Peer-reviewed scientific journals,technical reports,conference proceedings,and dissertations are considered ________ literature.

Developing a scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

The federally funded Centers for Disease Control routinely collect and evaluate data regarding communicable diseases.This information helps researchers make recommendations regarding vaccination schedules for children and adults.This is an example of

Based on the scientific evidence presented in Chapter 19 of Biology Now,which of the following is NOT the reason for the observed increase in incidence of autism in the United States and other countries since the 1970s?

Claims that are characterized by scientific-sounding statements,beliefs,or practices but are not actually based on the scientific method are properly viewed as ________.

Which of the following would NOT be a situation where your own scientific literacy would be helpful?

What is a first step an individual should take when beginning to assess a "scientific" claim made by another person?

You are reading an article written by Neil Shubin et al.regarding the pectoral fin of Tiktaalik roseae in the peer-reviewed journal Nature.Dr.Shubin is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and is employed by The University of Chicago.This article represents a

What happens when the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC)recommended vaccination schedule is delayed?

You are reading an article in National Geographic regarding the evolution of humans.This would be an example of

Announcing "scientific" findings in a press conference before they have been published in an established scientific journal

You are reading an article in Discover magazine about Tiktaalik roseae,the organism thought to be the link between fish and terrestrial tetrapods.The researcher that discovered Tiktaalik was publicly funded.This article represents a

Which of the following situations might present a logical reason for accepting a scientific claim made by a person who did not have appropriate credentials for making that claim?

Which of the following would NOT be a particularly negative consideration when regarding a researcher's possible bias?

Scientific studies that compare patients with a disease to those without the disease are referred to as

Scientists working for a major cosmetics company are attempting to determine if a new face cream can reduce the number of fine lines and wrinkles on a person's face.This is an example of

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Human Evolution

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Filters