Exam 14: New Encounters: the Creation of a World Market

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With the coming of the Europeans, Christianity replaced Buddhism and Islam as the major religion of Southeast Asia.

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The African slave trade

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Identify the following terms. -Middle Passage

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The Middle Passage refers to the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with manufactured goods, which were then traded for captured Africans, who were transported across the Atlantic, which constitutes the Middle Passage. The enslaved Africans were then sold or traded for raw materials, which would be transported back to Europe to complete the cycle.

The Middle Passage was notorious for its brutality and for the inhumane conditions aboard the slave ships. Enslaved people were densely packed onto ships and had to endure horrific conditions for weeks or months at sea. They faced extreme overcrowding, disease, inadequate food and water, and physical abuse from the ship's crew. Mortality rates were high, and it is estimated that the transatlantic slave trade resulted in the forced migration of some 12 to 15 million Africans from the 16th to the 19th century, with a significant number of these individuals dying during the Middle Passage due to the harsh conditions.

The Middle Passage is a critical aspect of the history of slavery and the African diaspora, and it has had a lasting impact on the cultural and demographic landscape of the Americas. The term is also symbolic of the suffering, struggle, and resistance of enslaved Africans during the era of the transatlantic slave trade.

Identify the following terms. -John Cabot

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Alfonso I was the king of this African state and in an effort to stave off the capture and sale of his subjects on the slave markets, he made a poignant appeal to the king of Portugal.

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Life in Southeast Asia in the seventeenth century was probably better than it was in other parts of Asia during the same time period because

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Identify the following terms. -Christopher Columbus

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The Portuguese leaders who first landed at Calicut and seized the port of Malacca were, respectively,

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The Spanish base of operations in Southeast Asia was established in

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Identify the following terms. -Marco Polo's Travels

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Why was it Western Europe rather than China, the Muslim world, or some other non-Western society that effected the globalization era of the sixteenth century? What prevented China and the well-organized Islamic states from achieving an ascendancy?

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Identify the following terms. -conquistador

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Identify the following terms. -Afonso de Albuquerque

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Compare and contrast the causes and consequences of the voyages of Zhenghe with those of Columbus. Speculate on how history might have be different had Zhenghe successfully navigated the Pacific to the coast of California.

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Identify the following terms. -"Christians and spices"

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Why were the Portuguese not able to maintain a spice monopoly or significant imperial holdings in Southeast Asia, given their initial success? Explain how they were displaced and succeeded by competing forces from Europe.​

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How does Albuquerque's conquest of Malacca compare with the Spanish conquest of Latin America? How was each subsequently incorporated into the system of imperial administration?​

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Identify the following terms. -Moctezuma

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All of the following were part of the Columbia Exchange except

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Which of the following is not correct about the economy of Southeast Asia in the sixteenth century?

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