Question 1

Which cell in the process of oogenesis has the most chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Mature ovum 
B) Primary oocyte 
C) Secondary oocyte 
D) Polar body 
A) Mature ovum 
B) Primary oocyte 
C) Secondary oocyte 
D) Polar body B

Question 2

Which normal cell characteristic is represented by the production of insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A) Performance of a differentiated function 
B) Ability to undergo apoptosis on schedule 
C) Tight regulation of cell division 
D) Conservation of energy 
A) Performance of a differentiated function 
B) Ability to undergo apoptosis on schedule 
C) Tight regulation of cell division 
D) Conservation of energy A

Question 3

In which phases of the cell cycle is the normal cell tetraploid (4N)?

Accepted Answer

A) G1 and G2 
B) G1 and S 
C) S and G2 
D) G2 and M 
A) G1 and G2 
B) G1 and S 
C) S and G2 
D) G2 and M C

Question 4

Which process is unique to spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Synapsis during the zygotene stage 
B) Equal distribution of cytoplasm during meiosis I 
C) Elongation of chromatids during the diplotene stage 
D) Degeneration of germ cells between fetal life and the onset of puberty 
A) Synapsis during the zygotene stage 
B) Equal distribution of cytoplasm during meiosis I 
C) Elongation of chromatids during the diplotene stage 
D) Degeneration of germ cells between fetal life and the onset of puberty

Question 5

Which event characterizes embryonic commitment?

Accepted Answer

A) Meiotic cell division 
B) Selective loss of genes 
C) Increased suppressor gene activity 
D) Progressive increase in nuclear size 
A) Meiotic cell division 
B) Selective loss of genes 
C) Increased suppressor gene activity 
D) Progressive increase in nuclear size

Question 6

What is the general purpose of tyrosine kinase enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) Activating cyclins by phosphorylation 
B) Increasing the amount of sodium-driven transcription factor activity 
C) Suppressing the activation of oncogene expression 
D) Uncovering growth factor receptor sites on plasma membranes 
A) Activating cyclins by phosphorylation 
B) Increasing the amount of sodium-driven transcription factor activity 
C) Suppressing the activation of oncogene expression 
D) Uncovering growth factor receptor sites on plasma membranes

Question 7

Which event occurs during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Homologous chromosomes synapse and then cross over. 
B) The number of chromosomes decreases from diploid to haploid. 
C) Daughter cells are produced that are genetically identical to the parent cell. 
D) DNA density decreases, and the 46 separate pieces assemble into one linear strand. 
A) Homologous chromosomes synapse and then cross over. 
B) The number of chromosomes decreases from diploid to haploid. 
C) Daughter cells are produced that are genetically identical to the parent cell. 
D) DNA density decreases, and the 46 separate pieces assemble into one linear strand.

Question 8

How many different genotypes are possible in any single mature spermatocyte of a man who is heterozygous at a single gene locus for a specific trait?

Accepted Answer

A) One 
B) Two 
C) Four 
D) Eight 
A) One 
B) Two 
C) Four 
D) Eight

Question 9

Why is fertilization of a polar body unlikely to lead to normal embryonic and fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A) The resulting zygote would be 4N instead of 2N. 
B) The lack of cytoplasm would inhibit cellular reproduction. 
C) The polar body has spent too long of a time trapped in meiosis I. 
D) The resulting zygote would be smaller, which increases the risk for apoptosis. 
A) The resulting zygote would be 4N instead of 2N. 
B) The lack of cytoplasm would inhibit cellular reproduction. 
C) The polar body has spent too long of a time trapped in meiosis I. 
D) The resulting zygote would be smaller, which increases the risk for apoptosis.

Question 10

Which response is the immediate and direct result of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A) Gamete chromosome reduction to the haploid number 
B) Rapid proliferation of acrosomal and coronal cells 
C) Primary sex determination of the zygote 
D) Nuclear condensation 
A) Gamete chromosome reduction to the haploid number 
B) Rapid proliferation of acrosomal and coronal cells 
C) Primary sex determination of the zygote 
D) Nuclear condensation

Question 11

What is the usual outcome of "crossing over" during meiosis I for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Unequal division of DNA between two new daughter cells during nucleokinesis 
B) Mixing of maternal and paternal genes within one chromosome pair 
C) Unequal distribution of cytoplasmic material 
D) More rapid progression to meiosis II 
A) Unequal division of DNA between two new daughter cells during nucleokinesis 
B) Mixing of maternal and paternal genes within one chromosome pair 
C) Unequal distribution of cytoplasmic material 
D) More rapid progression to meiosis II

Question 12

How does apoptosis contribute to healthy organ and whole-body function?

Accepted Answer

A) Maintains telomeric DNA 
B) Allows cells to differentiate rather than to undergo mitosis 
C) Removes old or damaged cells from an organ population 
D) Activates oncogenes when cells are damaged or necrotic 
A) Maintains telomeric DNA 
B) Allows cells to differentiate rather than to undergo mitosis 
C) Removes old or damaged cells from an organ population 
D) Activates oncogenes when cells are damaged or necrotic

Question 13

How many mature ovum result from the complete oogenesis of one oogonium?

Accepted Answer

A) One 
B) Two 
C) Three 
D) Four 
A) One 
B) Two 
C) Three 
D) Four

Question 14

In what way is hypertrophic tissue growth more advantageous than hyperplastic tissue growth?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no limit to how large a tissue or organ can become. 
B) It proceeds at the same rate throughout a person's life span. 
C) Less energy is required for hypertrophic growth. 
D) Differentiated functions change with aging. 
A) There is no limit to how large a tissue or organ can become. 
B) It proceeds at the same rate throughout a person's life span. 
C) Less energy is required for hypertrophic growth. 
D) Differentiated functions change with aging.

Question 15

What would be the expected response to a skin injury if the involved tissue had lost the normal cell characteristic of contact inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A) Failure of the wound to close 
B) Excessive growth of replacement tissue 
C) Replacement with scar tissue rather than skin 
D) Displacement of skin cells into other body tissues 
A) Failure of the wound to close 
B) Excessive growth of replacement tissue 
C) Replacement with scar tissue rather than skin 
D) Displacement of skin cells into other body tissues

Question 16

What is the consequence for a tissue/cell that no longer produces any cell adhesion molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) The production of three daughter cells with mitosis instead of just two 
B) Failure to perform any differentiated functions 
C) Conversion from euploidy to aneuploidy 
D) Migration of cells into other tissues 
A) The production of three daughter cells with mitosis instead of just two 
B) Failure to perform any differentiated functions 
C) Conversion from euploidy to aneuploidy 
D) Migration of cells into other tissues

Question 17

Which cell division process sequences are normal for meiosis for gametogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Two rounds of DNA synthesis each followed by a separate round of meiotic cell division 
B) Two rounds of DNA synthesis followed by two progressive rounds of meiotic cell division 
C) A single round of DNA synthesis followed by two separate rounds of meiotic cell division 
D) A single round of DNA synthesis first preceded by one round of meiotic cell division and then followed by a final round of meiotic cell division 
A) Two rounds of DNA synthesis each followed by a separate round of meiotic cell division 
B) Two rounds of DNA synthesis followed by two progressive rounds of meiotic cell division 
C) A single round of DNA synthesis followed by two separate rounds of meiotic cell division 
D) A single round of DNA synthesis first preceded by one round of meiotic cell division and then followed by a final round of meiotic cell division

Question 18

What is the consequence of synapsis and crossing over?

Accepted Answer

A) Pure segregation of alleles along the metaphase plate 
B) Tetraploidy, in which there are four copies of each chromatid 
C) Diploidy of chromosome number and haploidy for DNA content 
D) Random recombination of genetic material between paternal and maternal chromatids 
A) Pure segregation of alleles along the metaphase plate 
B) Tetraploidy, in which there are four copies of each chromatid 
C) Diploidy of chromosome number and haploidy for DNA content 
D) Random recombination of genetic material between paternal and maternal chromatids

Question 19

What is the function of a suppressor gene product?

Accepted Answer

A) To ensure cell division occurs only when it is needed 
B) To suppress the loss of differentiated functions with aging 
C) To ensure the precise delivery of chromosomes to each new daughter cell 
D) To prevent the formation of a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio during the G0 state 
A) To ensure cell division occurs only when it is needed 
B) To suppress the loss of differentiated functions with aging 
C) To ensure the precise delivery of chromosomes to each new daughter cell 
D) To prevent the formation of a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio during the G0 state

Question 20

Normal cells spend most of their life spans in which phase?

Accepted Answer

A) G0 
B) G1 
C) S 
D) M 
A) G0 
B) G1 
C) S 
D) M

Which cell in the process of oogenesis has the most chromosomes?

Which normal cell characteristic is represented by the production of insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas?

In which phases of the cell cycle is the normal cell tetraploid (4N)?

Which process is unique to spermatogenesis?

Which event characterizes embryonic commitment?

What is the general purpose of tyrosine kinase enzymes?

Which event occurs during mitosis?

How many different genotypes are possible in any single mature spermatocyte of a man who is heterozygous at a single gene locus for a specific trait?

Why is fertilization of a polar body unlikely to lead to normal embryonic and fetal development?

Which response is the immediate and direct result of fertilization?

What is the usual outcome of "crossing over" during meiosis I for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

How does apoptosis contribute to healthy organ and whole-body function?

How many mature ovum result from the complete oogenesis of one oogonium?

In what way is hypertrophic tissue growth more advantageous than hyperplastic tissue growth?

What would be the expected response to a skin injury if the involved tissue had lost the normal cell characteristic of contact inhibition?

What is the consequence for a tissue/cell that no longer produces any cell adhesion molecules?

Which cell division process sequences are normal for meiosis for gametogenesis?

What is the consequence of synapsis and crossing over?

What is the function of a suppressor gene product?

Normal cells spend most of their life spans in which phase?

DNA Structure and Function

Protein Synthesis

Patterns of Inheritance

Epigenetic Influences on Gene Expression

Autosomal Inheritance and Disorders

Sex Chromosome and Mitochondrial Inheritance and Disorders

Family History and Pedigree Construction

Congenital Anomalies, Basic Dysmorphology, and Genetic Assessment

Enzyme and Collagen Disorders

Common Childhood-Onset Genetic Disorders

Common Adult-Onset Disorders

Cardiovascular Disorders

The Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Contributions to Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders

Genetic and Genomic Testing

Assessing Genomic Variation in Drug Response

Health Professionals and Genomic Care

Financial, Ethical, Legal, and Social Considerations

Genetic and Genomic Variation

Filters

Exam 3: Genetic Influence on Cell Division, Differentiation, and Gametogenesis

Which cell in the process of oogenesis has the most chromosomes?

Which normal cell characteristic is represented by the production of insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas?

In which phases of the cell cycle is the normal cell tetraploid (4N)?

Which process is unique to spermatogenesis?

Which event characterizes embryonic commitment?

What is the general purpose of tyrosine kinase enzymes?

Which event occurs during mitosis?

How many different genotypes are possible in any single mature spermatocyte of a man who is heterozygous at a single gene locus for a specific trait?

Why is fertilization of a polar body unlikely to lead to normal embryonic and fetal development?

Which response is the immediate and direct result of fertilization?

What is the usual outcome of "crossing over" during meiosis I for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

How does apoptosis contribute to healthy organ and whole-body function?

How many mature ovum result from the complete oogenesis of one oogonium?

In what way is hypertrophic tissue growth more advantageous than hyperplastic tissue growth?

What would be the expected response to a skin injury if the involved tissue had lost the normal cell characteristic of contact inhibition?

What is the consequence for a tissue/cell that no longer produces any cell adhesion molecules?

Which cell division process sequences are normal for meiosis for gametogenesis?

What is the consequence of synapsis and crossing over?

What is the function of a suppressor gene product?

Normal cells spend most of their life spans in which phase?

DNA Structure and Function

Protein Synthesis

Patterns of Inheritance

Epigenetic Influences on Gene Expression

Autosomal Inheritance and Disorders

Sex Chromosome and Mitochondrial Inheritance and Disorders

Family History and Pedigree Construction

Congenital Anomalies, Basic Dysmorphology, and Genetic Assessment

Enzyme and Collagen Disorders

Common Childhood-Onset Genetic Disorders

Common Adult-Onset Disorders

Cardiovascular Disorders

The Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Contributions to Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders

Genetic and Genomic Testing

Assessing Genomic Variation in Drug Response

Health Professionals and Genomic Care

Financial, Ethical, Legal, and Social Considerations

Genetic and Genomic Variation

Filters