Question 1

Kinesics is the study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and facial expressions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Creole languages are commonly found in regions where different linguistic groups come into contact with one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

What is linguistic relativity? Illustrate how it applies to languages and to dialects of English.

Accepted Answer

Linguistic relativity, also known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, is the idea that the structure and vocabulary of a language can shape or influence the way its speakers perceive and think about the world. This concept suggests that the language we speak can affect our cognition and perception, as well as our cultural and social behavior.

When it comes to languages, linguistic relativity can be seen in the way different languages have unique ways of expressing concepts and ideas. For example, some languages have specific words for concepts that may not exist in other languages, which can influence how speakers of those languages think about and understand those concepts. Additionally, the grammatical structure of a language can also impact how speakers organize and interpret information.

In the context of dialects of English, linguistic relativity can be observed in the variations of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation across different English-speaking regions. For example, speakers of American English may use different words or expressions compared to speakers of British English to convey the same idea. This can influence how speakers of these dialects perceive and interpret certain concepts and ideas.

Furthermore, linguistic relativity can also be seen in the way different dialects of English may have unique grammatical structures or ways of organizing information, which can impact the thought processes and perceptions of their speakers.

In summary, linguistic relativity suggests that the language we speak can influence our cognition and perception of the world, and this can be observed in the unique ways different languages and dialects of English express and interpret concepts and ideas.

Question 4

All languages and dialects are equally effective as systems of communication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Syntax refers to the rules that dictate the order of words in a language.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to some estimates, the world's linguistic diversity has been cut in half in the past 500 years, and half of the remaining languages are predicted to disappear during this century. Why does this matter? Isn't this just a natural result of globalization, something we should actually celebrate, because it makes communication among diverse groups much easier?

Accepted Answer

The loss of linguistic diversity is a ma

Question 7

Ethnosemantics studies how different members of different linguistic groups organize, categorize, and classify their experiences and perceptions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Recent genetic research suggests that a speech-friendly mutation took hold in humans around 150,000 years ago, thus conferring selective advantages (linguistic and cultural abilities) that allowed those who had it to spread it, at the expense of those who did not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Compare and contrast the evolution of language and biological evolution. What role may mutations play in the origins of human language, if any?

Accepted Answer

The evolution of language and biological

Question 10

Sapir and Whorf argued that the grammatical categories of different languages lead their speakers to think about things in particular ways. However, studies on the differences between female and male Americans in regard to the color terms they use suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the U.S. economy, society, and culture have had no impact on the use of color terms, or on any other terms for that matter. 
B)  contrary to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, it might be more reasonable to say that changes in culture produce changes in language and thought rather than the reverse. 
C)  in support of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, different languages produce different ways of thinking. 
D)  women and men are equally sensitive to the marketing tactics of the cosmetic industry. 
E)  women spend more money on status goods than do men. 
A)  changes in the U.S. economy, society, and culture have had no impact on the use of color terms, or on any other terms for that matter. 
B)  contrary to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, it might be more reasonable to say that changes in culture produce changes in language and thought rather than the reverse. 
C)  in support of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, different languages produce different ways of thinking. 
D)  women and men are equally sensitive to the marketing tactics of the cosmetic industry. 
E)  women spend more money on status goods than do men.

Question 11

The origins of BEV are found mostly in West Africa, not in the dialects of the southern part of the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What terms are used to convey or imply a status difference between the speaker and the person being referred to or addressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  formal addresses, but sociolinguists rarely pay attention to them, because their use in a social situation is always a result of linguistic exploitation 
B)  honorifics 
C)  style shifts 
D)  diglossia 
E)  linguistic relativity 
A)  formal addresses, but sociolinguists rarely pay attention to them, because their use in a social situation is always a result of linguistic exploitation 
B)  honorifics 
C)  style shifts 
D)  diglossia 
E)  linguistic relativity

Question 13

What are some ways in which linguistics can aid archaeologists, biological anthropologists, and sociocultural anthropologists who are interested in history?

Accepted Answer

Linguistics can aid archaeologists, biol

Question 14

Animal call systems exhibit linguistic productivity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Bourdieu argues that languages with the highest symbolic capital are those that are better systems of communication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The world's linguistic diversity has been cut in half, as measured by the number of distinct languages extant, in the past 500 years, and half of the remaining languages are predicted to disappear during this century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Cultural, including linguistic, diversity is alive, well, and thriving in many countries. Local entrepreneurs and international companies such as Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft that capitalize on that diversity are positioned to succeed. That success depends, however, in large part on

Accepted Answer

A)  their ability to creatively impose their product on others. 
B)  their capacity to take a biocultural approach to marketing. 
C)  external market forces that have little to do with people's cultural, including linguistic, preferences. 
D)  their ability to hire workers from the markets they hope to enter and teach them the values of their corporate culture. 
E)  their capacity to follow one of the main lessons of applied anthropology, that external inputs fit best when tailored properly to local settings. 
A)  their ability to creatively impose their product on others. 
B)  their capacity to take a biocultural approach to marketing. 
C)  external market forces that have little to do with people's cultural, including linguistic, preferences. 
D)  their ability to hire workers from the markets they hope to enter and teach them the values of their corporate culture. 
E)  their capacity to follow one of the main lessons of applied anthropology, that external inputs fit best when tailored properly to local settings.

Question 18

Just as in other areas of anthropology, the study of language involves investigating what is or isn't shared across human populations and why these differences or similarities exist. The linguist Noam Chomsky has argued that the human brain contains a limited set of rules for organizing language, so that all languages have a common structural basis. He calls this set of rules

Accepted Answer

A)  the evolutionary linguistic imprint. 
B)  linguistic structuralism. 
C)  generalities. 
D)  a global mental map. 
E)  the universal grammar. 
A)  the evolutionary linguistic imprint. 
B)  linguistic structuralism. 
C)  generalities. 
D)  a global mental map. 
E)  the universal grammar.

Question 19

This chapter's "Appreciating Anthropology" section discusses research on the ancient syntax of a "proto-human language," thought to be ancestral to all contemporary languages. This research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  the proto-language sounded similar to modern-day English. 
B)  subject-verb-object ordering is very rare in languages spoken today. 
C)  word ordering within a language is uniform across the world. 
D)  word ordering has remained constant over time, not changing when languages branch off from their mother tongues. 
E)  the proto-language sounded similar to the speech of Yoda in "Star Wars." 
A)  the proto-language sounded similar to modern-day English. 
B)  subject-verb-object ordering is very rare in languages spoken today. 
C)  word ordering within a language is uniform across the world. 
D)  word ordering has remained constant over time, not changing when languages branch off from their mother tongues. 
E)  the proto-language sounded similar to the speech of Yoda in "Star Wars."

Question 20

Discuss factors that increase linguistic diversity among speakers of the same language.

Accepted Answer

There are several factors that can contr

Kinesics is the study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and facial expressions.

Creole languages are commonly found in regions where different linguistic groups come into contact with one another.

What is linguistic relativity? Illustrate how it applies to languages and to dialects of English.

All languages and dialects are equally effective as systems of communication.

Syntax refers to the rules that dictate the order of words in a language.

Ethnosemantics studies how different members of different linguistic groups organize, categorize, and classify their experiences and perceptions.

Recent genetic research suggests that a speech-friendly mutation took hold in humans around 150,000 years ago, thus conferring selective advantages (linguistic and cultural abilities) that allowed those who had it to spread it, at the expense of those who did not.

Compare and contrast the evolution of language and biological evolution. What role may mutations play in the origins of human language, if any?

Sapir and Whorf argued that the grammatical categories of different languages lead their speakers to think about things in particular ways. However, studies on the differences between female and male Americans in regard to the color terms they use suggest that

The origins of BEV are found mostly in West Africa, not in the dialects of the southern part of the United States.

What terms are used to convey or imply a status difference between the speaker and the person being referred to or addressed?

What are some ways in which linguistics can aid archaeologists, biological anthropologists, and sociocultural anthropologists who are interested in history?

Animal call systems exhibit linguistic productivity.

Bourdieu argues that languages with the highest symbolic capital are those that are better systems of communication.

The world's linguistic diversity has been cut in half, as measured by the number of distinct languages extant, in the past 500 years, and half of the remaining languages are predicted to disappear during this century.

Cultural, including linguistic, diversity is alive, well, and thriving in many countries. Local entrepreneurs and international companies such as Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft that capitalize on that diversity are positioned to succeed. That success depends, however, in large part on

This chapter's "Appreciating Anthropology" section discusses research on the ancient syntax of a "proto-human language," thought to be ancestral to all contemporary languages. This research suggests that

Discuss factors that increase linguistic diversity among speakers of the same language.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Applying Anthropology

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 5: Language and Communication

Kinesics is the study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and facial expressions.

Creole languages are commonly found in regions where different linguistic groups come into contact with one another.

What is linguistic relativity? Illustrate how it applies to languages and to dialects of English.

All languages and dialects are equally effective as systems of communication.

Syntax refers to the rules that dictate the order of words in a language.

Ethnosemantics studies how different members of different linguistic groups organize, categorize, and classify their experiences and perceptions.

Recent genetic research suggests that a speech-friendly mutation took hold in humans around 150,000 years ago, thus conferring selective advantages (linguistic and cultural abilities) that allowed those who had it to spread it, at the expense of those who did not.

Compare and contrast the evolution of language and biological evolution. What role may mutations play in the origins of human language, if any?

Sapir and Whorf argued that the grammatical categories of different languages lead their speakers to think about things in particular ways. However, studies on the differences between female and male Americans in regard to the color terms they use suggest that

The origins of BEV are found mostly in West Africa, not in the dialects of the southern part of the United States.

What terms are used to convey or imply a status difference between the speaker and the person being referred to or addressed?

What are some ways in which linguistics can aid archaeologists, biological anthropologists, and sociocultural anthropologists who are interested in history?

Animal call systems exhibit linguistic productivity.

Bourdieu argues that languages with the highest symbolic capital are those that are better systems of communication.

The world's linguistic diversity has been cut in half, as measured by the number of distinct languages extant, in the past 500 years, and half of the remaining languages are predicted to disappear during this century.

Cultural, including linguistic, diversity is alive, well, and thriving in many countries. Local entrepreneurs and international companies such as Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft that capitalize on that diversity are positioned to succeed. That success depends, however, in large part on

This chapter's "Appreciating Anthropology" section discusses research on the ancient syntax of a "proto-human language," thought to be ancestral to all contemporary languages. This research suggests that

Discuss factors that increase linguistic diversity among speakers of the same language.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Applying Anthropology

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters