Question 1

Using a cross-sequential research design eliminates the problem of sample attrition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Children of mothers who are incarcerated are compared to children of mothers who reside with the children in their own homes on a number of cognitive outcomes. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  natural or quasi-experiment. 
B)  case study. 
C)  randomized trial. 
D)  archival study. 
A)  natural or quasi-experiment. 
B)  case study. 
C)  randomized trial. 
D)  archival study.

Question 3

Using a large sample ensures that it will be a representative sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A study that has several groups of different ages that are followed over time and which has an overlap in the ages of the groups is a

Accepted Answer

A)  multi-phasic study. 
B)  longitudinal study. 
C)  cohort study. 
D)  cross-sequential study. 
A)  multi-phasic study. 
B)  longitudinal study. 
C)  cohort study. 
D)  cross-sequential study.

Question 5

When we have a negative correlation

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no relationship between the two variables being studied. 
B)  the effect of the manipulation has a detrimental effect on the children. 
C)  the value of one variable increases as the value of the other variable decreases. 
D)  the strength of the correlation is minimal. 
A)  there is no relationship between the two variables being studied. 
B)  the effect of the manipulation has a detrimental effect on the children. 
C)  the value of one variable increases as the value of the other variable decreases. 
D)  the strength of the correlation is minimal.

Question 6

When a researcher conducts a clinical interview, the interviewer

Accepted Answer

A)  asks everyone the same set of questions in the same order. 
B)  asks questions from a standard set of questions, but in random order from one respondent to another. 
C)  talks to a third party who is familiar with the experiences of the person who is the subject of the interview. 
D)  can ask additional questions based on the respondent's answers or ask the respondent to expand on an answer. 
A)  asks everyone the same set of questions in the same order. 
B)  asks questions from a standard set of questions, but in random order from one respondent to another. 
C)  talks to a third party who is familiar with the experiences of the person who is the subject of the interview. 
D)  can ask additional questions based on the respondent's answers or ask the respondent to expand on an answer.

Question 7

A controversy surrounding the use of intelligence tests by the U.S. Army during World War I and World War II centered around whether

Accepted Answer

A)  the achievement items were better predictors of abilities than the performance items. 
B)  a larger number of items would improve the accuracy of the tests in placing recruits in specific jobs. 
C)  group differences in scores reflected inherent differences in mental abilities or were biased against members of certain groups. 
D)  the tests were useful for assessing individuals who were older than their mid-twenties. 
A)  the achievement items were better predictors of abilities than the performance items. 
B)  a larger number of items would improve the accuracy of the tests in placing recruits in specific jobs. 
C)  group differences in scores reflected inherent differences in mental abilities or were biased against members of certain groups. 
D)  the tests were useful for assessing individuals who were older than their mid-twenties.

Question 8

One of the disadvantages of using surveys to conduct research is that

Accepted Answer

A)  respondents may not be able to accurately recall and report on the behavior covered by the survey. 
B)  it is a very expensive and time-intensive method of collecting data. 
C)  the researcher must develop norms for the responses and update those norms periodically. 
D)  the researcher must be sure that the groups of participants who answer the questions are comparable in as many ways as possible. 
A)  respondents may not be able to accurately recall and report on the behavior covered by the survey. 
B)  it is a very expensive and time-intensive method of collecting data. 
C)  the researcher must develop norms for the responses and update those norms periodically. 
D)  the researcher must be sure that the groups of participants who answer the questions are comparable in as many ways as possible.

Question 9

If a hypothesis is based upon a well-respected theory and the hypothesis logically follows from the theory, it is not necessary to do anything beyond that to test the hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When we use our observations to make a detailed record of everything that occurs in a stream of behavior, we can

Accepted Answer

A)  carefully control and manipulate the variables we are interested in. 
B)  infer the causes of the behaviors that we are observing. 
C)  generalize our results to other children in similar circumstances. 
D)  use it to generate new hypotheses for future research. 
A)  carefully control and manipulate the variables we are interested in. 
B)  infer the causes of the behaviors that we are observing. 
C)  generalize our results to other children in similar circumstances. 
D)  use it to generate new hypotheses for future research.

Question 11

It is important that the results from studies can be replicated because

Accepted Answer

A)  it means that the findings have practical significance. 
B)  we can be sure that we have identified the cause of the behavior we studied. 
C)  it increases our confidence that the findings are valid. 
D)  we can then extend our conclusions beyond the characteristics of the samples used in the research. 
A)  it means that the findings have practical significance. 
B)  we can be sure that we have identified the cause of the behavior we studied. 
C)  it increases our confidence that the findings are valid. 
D)  we can then extend our conclusions beyond the characteristics of the samples used in the research.

Question 12

We cannot determine the causes of behavior from a correlation because

Accepted Answer

A)  a negative correlation means that the two variables are not related to each other. 
B)  the relationship may not hold for the control group. 
C)  we need more than two variables before we can determine the causes of behavior. 
D)  we do not have control over other variables that may affect the correlation. 
A)  a negative correlation means that the two variables are not related to each other. 
B)  the relationship may not hold for the control group. 
C)  we need more than two variables before we can determine the causes of behavior. 
D)  we do not have control over other variables that may affect the correlation.

Question 13

One of the advantages of using physiological measures when conducting research is that

Accepted Answer

A)  they do not require that the participant be able to use language. 
B)  you can utilize multiple methods to collect the data. 
C)  data can be gathered quickly and efficiently. 
D)  the interpretation of the data is always clear and straightforward. 
A)  they do not require that the participant be able to use language. 
B)  you can utilize multiple methods to collect the data. 
C)  data can be gathered quickly and efficiently. 
D)  the interpretation of the data is always clear and straightforward.

Question 14

When conducting a case study, it is particularly important that the researcher

Accepted Answer

A)  gathers a representative sample for the study. 
B)  remains objective in her observations and interpretation of them. 
C)  carefully explains the purpose of the study to the subject. 
D)  uses valid, standardized tests in the assessment process. 
A)  gathers a representative sample for the study. 
B)  remains objective in her observations and interpretation of them. 
C)  carefully explains the purpose of the study to the subject. 
D)  uses valid, standardized tests in the assessment process.

Question 15

When interviewing eight-year-old Shiloh, the interviewer asks, "How bad did you feel when your parents got divorced?" Is there bias in this question? How could you ask this question in an unbiased way?

Accepted Answer

Yes, there is bias in the question becau

Question 16

You want to study the development of mental reasoning. Describe (a) a cross-sectional design (b) a longitudinal design and (c) a cross-sequential design for doing so. What are the strengths and limitations of each research design?

Accepted Answer

A) Cross-sectional design: In a cross-se

Question 17

One of the major challenges with conducting longitudinal research is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is very difficult to construct matched groups of subjects for your sample. 
B)  the groups of participants you are studying have had different life experiences. 
C)  you need to continually update the tests and measures that you are using. 
D)  it takes a great deal of time and money to conduct such research. 
A)  it is very difficult to construct matched groups of subjects for your sample. 
B)  the groups of participants you are studying have had different life experiences. 
C)  you need to continually update the tests and measures that you are using. 
D)  it takes a great deal of time and money to conduct such research.

Using a cross-sequential research design eliminates the problem of sample attrition.

Children of mothers who are incarcerated are compared to children of mothers who reside with the children in their own homes on a number of cognitive outcomes. This is an example of a(n)

Using a large sample ensures that it will be a representative sample.

A study that has several groups of different ages that are followed over time and which has an overlap in the ages of the groups is a

When we have a negative correlation

When a researcher conducts a clinical interview, the interviewer

A controversy surrounding the use of intelligence tests by the U.S. Army during World War I and World War II centered around whether

One of the disadvantages of using surveys to conduct research is that

If a hypothesis is based upon a well-respected theory and the hypothesis logically follows from the theory, it is not necessary to do anything beyond that to test the hypothesis.

When we use our observations to make a detailed record of everything that occurs in a stream of behavior, we can

It is important that the results from studies can be replicated because

We cannot determine the causes of behavior from a correlation because

One of the advantages of using physiological measures when conducting research is that

When conducting a case study, it is particularly important that the researcher

When interviewing eight-year-old Shiloh, the interviewer asks, "How bad did you feel when your parents got divorced?" Is there bias in this question? How could you ask this question in an unbiased way?

You want to study the development of mental reasoning. Describe (a) a cross-sectional design (b) a longitudinal design and (c) a cross-sequential design for doing so. What are the strengths and limitations of each research design?

One of the major challenges with conducting longitudinal research is that

Introduction: Issues and Themes in Child Development

Theories of Development

How Children Develop: Nature Through Nurture

Prenatal Development, the Newborn, and the Transition to Parenthood

Physical Development: the Brain and the Body

Cognitive Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

Identity: the Self, Gender, and Moral Development

Social Development: Social Cognition and Peer Relationships

Families

Beyond Family and School: Activities, Media and the Natural World

Health, Well-Being, and Resilience

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Exam 3: How We Study Development

Using a cross-sequential research design eliminates the problem of sample attrition.

Children of mothers who are incarcerated are compared to children of mothers who reside with the children in their own homes on a number of cognitive outcomes. This is an example of a(n)

Using a large sample ensures that it will be a representative sample.

A study that has several groups of different ages that are followed over time and which has an overlap in the ages of the groups is a

When we have a negative correlation

When a researcher conducts a clinical interview, the interviewer

A controversy surrounding the use of intelligence tests by the U.S. Army during World War I and World War II centered around whether

One of the disadvantages of using surveys to conduct research is that

If a hypothesis is based upon a well-respected theory and the hypothesis logically follows from the theory, it is not necessary to do anything beyond that to test the hypothesis.

When we use our observations to make a detailed record of everything that occurs in a stream of behavior, we can

It is important that the results from studies can be replicated because

We cannot determine the causes of behavior from a correlation because

One of the advantages of using physiological measures when conducting research is that

When conducting a case study, it is particularly important that the researcher

When interviewing eight-year-old Shiloh, the interviewer asks, "How bad did you feel when your parents got divorced?" Is there bias in this question? How could you ask this question in an unbiased way?

You want to study the development of mental reasoning. Describe (a) a cross-sectional design (b) a longitudinal design and (c) a cross-sequential design for doing so. What are the strengths and limitations of each research design?

One of the major challenges with conducting longitudinal research is that

Introduction: Issues and Themes in Child Development

Theories of Development

How Children Develop: Nature Through Nurture

Prenatal Development, the Newborn, and the Transition to Parenthood

Physical Development: the Brain and the Body

Cognitive Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

Identity: the Self, Gender, and Moral Development

Social Development: Social Cognition and Peer Relationships

Families

Beyond Family and School: Activities, Media and the Natural World

Health, Well-Being, and Resilience

Filters