Question 1

Which of the following answers to the "Heinz dilemma" best reflects postconventional moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heinz should steal the drug because he needs his wife and she might die without it. 
B)  Heinz should steal the drug to avoid being blamed if his wife dies. 
C)  People would lose respect for Heinz if he didn't at least try to save his wife by stealing the drug. 
D)  Heinz must steal the drug because he has a duty to protect his wife. 
E)  Heinz would be morally wrong not to steal the drug because it would violate his belief in the absolute value of human life. 
A)  Heinz should steal the drug because he needs his wife and she might die without it. 
B)  Heinz should steal the drug to avoid being blamed if his wife dies. 
C)  People would lose respect for Heinz if he didn't at least try to save his wife by stealing the drug. 
D)  Heinz must steal the drug because he has a duty to protect his wife. 
E)  Heinz would be morally wrong not to steal the drug because it would violate his belief in the absolute value of human life.

Question 2

Shawn was born with fetal alcohol syndrome.Shawn's symptoms may include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  flattened nose. 
B)  missing extremities. 
C)  underdeveloped upper jaw. 
D)  widely spaced eyes. 
E)  mental retardation. 
A)  flattened nose. 
B)  missing extremities. 
C)  underdeveloped upper jaw. 
D)  widely spaced eyes. 
E)  mental retardation.

Question 3

In contrast to fluid intelligence,crystallized intelligence is best captured by which concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional intelligence 
B)  wisdom 
C)  multiple intelligences 
D)  ego identity 
E)  creativity 
A)  emotional intelligence 
B)  wisdom 
C)  multiple intelligences 
D)  ego identity 
E)  creativity

Question 4

In Vygotsky's terms,the range between a child's present level of skills and knowledge and their potential level of skills and knowledge with appropriate guidance is called the child's

Accepted Answer

A)  space of scaffolding. 
B)  region of growth. 
C)  zone of proximal development. 
D)  zone of equilibrium. 
E)  schema space. 
A)  space of scaffolding. 
B)  region of growth. 
C)  zone of proximal development. 
D)  zone of equilibrium. 
E)  schema space.

Question 5

Lawrence Kohlberg was interested in which aspect of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical 
B)  social 
C)  intellectual 
D)  moral 
E)  emotional 
A)  physical 
B)  social 
C)  intellectual 
D)  moral 
E)  emotional

Question 6

The fetal stage of prenatal development lasts from

Accepted Answer

A)  conception to week two. 
B)  conception to week eight. 
C)  implantation to week eight. 
D)  week nine through delivery. 
E)  week twelve through delivery. 
A)  conception to week two. 
B)  conception to week eight. 
C)  implantation to week eight. 
D)  week nine through delivery. 
E)  week twelve through delivery.

Question 7

Which reflex may have had the survival value in ancestral times of preventing infants from falling as their mothers carried them around all day?

Accepted Answer

A)  the eyeblink reflex 
B)  the palmar grasp reflex 
C)  the Babinski reflex 
D)  the rooting reflex 
E)  the sucking reflex 
A)  the eyeblink reflex 
B)  the palmar grasp reflex 
C)  the Babinski reflex 
D)  the rooting reflex 
E)  the sucking reflex

Question 8

Regarding peer relationships in childhood,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peer relationships give children the opportunity to develop skills in relating to others. 
B)  Peer relationships can have negative consequences on a child's development. 
C)  The acceptance of peer group members can help shape a child's self-esteem. 
D)  Peer groups can influence a child's developing sense of competence. 
E)  Children and teens with a strong need for peer acceptance are less likely to engage in deviant activities. 
A)  Peer relationships give children the opportunity to develop skills in relating to others. 
B)  Peer relationships can have negative consequences on a child's development. 
C)  The acceptance of peer group members can help shape a child's self-esteem. 
D)  Peer groups can influence a child's developing sense of competence. 
E)  Children and teens with a strong need for peer acceptance are less likely to engage in deviant activities.

Question 9

Toma is almost five years old.As he was struggling to learn to tie his shoes,his parents became exasperated with him and bought him shoes with Velcro closures.When he had trouble learning to ride a two-wheeler with training wheels,his parents made him go back to a tricycle.According to Erikson's theory,Toma may end up with a feeling of

Accepted Answer

A)  shame. 
B)  guilt. 
C)  mistrust. 
D)  inferiority. 
E)  doubt. 
A)  shame. 
B)  guilt. 
C)  mistrust. 
D)  inferiority. 
E)  doubt.

Question 10

What type of infant temperament is generally associated with better adjustment in adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibited 
B)  slow-to-warm-up 
C)  difficult 
D)  easy 
E)  secure 
A)  inhibited 
B)  slow-to-warm-up 
C)  difficult 
D)  easy 
E)  secure

Question 11

Compared to the other temperament groups,difficult infants are more likely to experience all but which of the following in childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  develop acting-out behaviors 
B)  develop mental health problems 
C)  be highly spirited 
D)  not be a "pushover" 
E)  anxiety or depression 
A)  develop acting-out behaviors 
B)  develop mental health problems 
C)  be highly spirited 
D)  not be a "pushover" 
E)  anxiety or depression

Question 12

An influential theory of death and dying was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson. 
B)  Kübler-Ross. 
C)  Arnett. 
D)  Levinson. 
E)  Gilligan. 
A)  Erikson. 
B)  Kübler-Ross. 
C)  Arnett. 
D)  Levinson. 
E)  Gilligan.

Question 13

By the end of the first year of life,Evana has mastered the most difficult balancing problem ever to be encountered in her life.What skill has she mastered?

Accepted Answer

A)  walking 
B)  crawling 
C)  creeping 
D)  balancing on one foot 
E)  standing without support 
A)  walking 
B)  crawling 
C)  creeping 
D)  balancing on one foot 
E)  standing without support

Question 14

Which of the following parental actions is associated with children having more behavior problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive use of criticism,use of harsh punishment,and inconsistent discipline 
B)  excessive use of criticism and inconsistent discipline only 
C)  excessive use of criticism only 
D)  inconsistent discipline only 
E)  use of harsh punishment only 
A)  excessive use of criticism,use of harsh punishment,and inconsistent discipline 
B)  excessive use of criticism and inconsistent discipline only 
C)  excessive use of criticism only 
D)  inconsistent discipline only 
E)  use of harsh punishment only

Question 15

If 60-year-old Evelyn wants to increase her chances of preserving mental sharpness,which activity might she consider taking up?

Accepted Answer

A)  mentally challenging games like chess 
B)  crossword or jigsaw puzzles 
C)  writing,painting,or sculpting 
D)  reading 
E)  Any of the above may help Evelyn preserve mental sharpness. 
A)  mentally challenging games like chess 
B)  crossword or jigsaw puzzles 
C)  writing,painting,or sculpting 
D)  reading 
E)  Any of the above may help Evelyn preserve mental sharpness.

Question 16

Twenty-month-old Hannah realizes that her mother still exists even when Hannah cannot see her.What cognitive achievement has Hannah mastered?

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  object permanence 
C)  conservation 
D)  animistic thinking 
E)  centration 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  object permanence 
C)  conservation 
D)  animistic thinking 
E)  centration

Question 17

Twenty-three-year-old Venetia is thinking about getting pregnant.Her doctor recommends that Venetia begin taking folic acid supplements in order to reduce the risk of ______ in her offspring.

Accepted Answer

A)  miscarriage 
B)  fetal alcohol syndrome 
C)  spina bifida 
D)  rubella 
E)  sudden infant death syndrome 
A)  miscarriage 
B)  fetal alcohol syndrome 
C)  spina bifida 
D)  rubella 
E)  sudden infant death syndrome

Question 18

What is the correct sequencing of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Concrete operational,sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational 
B)  Preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational,sensorimotor 
C)  Sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational,concrete operational 
D)  Sensorimotor,concrete operational,preoperational,formal operational 
E)  Sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational 
A)  Concrete operational,sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational 
B)  Preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational,sensorimotor 
C)  Sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational,concrete operational 
D)  Sensorimotor,concrete operational,preoperational,formal operational 
E)  Sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational

Question 19

Kohlberg's theory of moral development has _____ levels,and they are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  4; sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,and formal operational 
B)  4; identity,intimacy,generativity,and integrity 
C)  3; preconventional,conventional,and postconventional 
D)  3; selective optimization,optimism,and self-challenge 
E)  2; care orientation and justice orientation 
A)  4; sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,and formal operational 
B)  4; identity,intimacy,generativity,and integrity 
C)  3; preconventional,conventional,and postconventional 
D)  3; selective optimization,optimism,and self-challenge 
E)  2; care orientation and justice orientation

Question 20

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  enlarged penis 
B)  enlarged testes 
C)  enlarged uterus 
D)  breast development 
E)  menarche 
A)  enlarged penis 
B)  enlarged testes 
C)  enlarged uterus 
D)  breast development 
E)  menarche

Which of the following answers to the "Heinz dilemma" best reflects postconventional moral reasoning?

Shawn was born with fetal alcohol syndrome.Shawn's symptoms may include all of the following EXCEPT

In contrast to fluid intelligence,crystallized intelligence is best captured by which concept?

In Vygotsky's terms,the range between a child's present level of skills and knowledge and their potential level of skills and knowledge with appropriate guidance is called the child's

Lawrence Kohlberg was interested in which aspect of development?

The fetal stage of prenatal development lasts from

Which reflex may have had the survival value in ancestral times of preventing infants from falling as their mothers carried them around all day?

Regarding peer relationships in childhood,which of the following statements is FALSE?

What type of infant temperament is generally associated with better adjustment in adulthood?

Compared to the other temperament groups,difficult infants are more likely to experience all but which of the following in childhood?

An influential theory of death and dying was developed by

By the end of the first year of life,Evana has mastered the most difficult balancing problem ever to be encountered in her life.What skill has she mastered?

Which of the following parental actions is associated with children having more behavior problems?

If 60-year-old Evelyn wants to increase her chances of preserving mental sharpness,which activity might she consider taking up?

Twenty-month-old Hannah realizes that her mother still exists even when Hannah cannot see her.What cognitive achievement has Hannah mastered?

Twenty-three-year-old Venetia is thinking about getting pregnant.Her doctor recommends that Venetia begin taking folic acid supplements in order to reduce the risk of ______ in her offspring.

What is the correct sequencing of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Kohlberg's theory of moral development has _ levels,and they are called __.

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic?

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Exam 9: Human Development

Which of the following answers to the "Heinz dilemma" best reflects postconventional moral reasoning?

Shawn was born with fetal alcohol syndrome.Shawn's symptoms may include all of the following EXCEPT

In contrast to fluid intelligence,crystallized intelligence is best captured by which concept?

In Vygotsky's terms,the range between a child's present level of skills and knowledge and their potential level of skills and knowledge with appropriate guidance is called the child's

Lawrence Kohlberg was interested in which aspect of development?

The fetal stage of prenatal development lasts from

Which reflex may have had the survival value in ancestral times of preventing infants from falling as their mothers carried them around all day?

Regarding peer relationships in childhood,which of the following statements is FALSE?

What type of infant temperament is generally associated with better adjustment in adulthood?

Compared to the other temperament groups,difficult infants are more likely to experience all but which of the following in childhood?

An influential theory of death and dying was developed by

By the end of the first year of life,Evana has mastered the most difficult balancing problem ever to be encountered in her life.What skill has she mastered?

Which of the following parental actions is associated with children having more behavior problems?

If 60-year-old Evelyn wants to increase her chances of preserving mental sharpness,which activity might she consider taking up?

Twenty-month-old Hannah realizes that her mother still exists even when Hannah cannot see her.What cognitive achievement has Hannah mastered?

Twenty-three-year-old Venetia is thinking about getting pregnant.Her doctor recommends that Venetia begin taking folic acid supplements in order to reduce the risk of ______ in her offspring.

What is the correct sequencing of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Kohlberg's theory of moral development has _____ levels,and they are called ______.

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic?

The Science of Psychology

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Psychology and Health

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Filters

Kohlberg's theory of moral development has _ levels,and they are called __.