Question 1

Because of an accident he suffered last month,Jason suffers from anterograde amnesia.As a result,he may have trouble remembering _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the name of the high school from which he graduated. 
B)  events that occurred just before his accident. 
C)  names of people he just met. 
D)  where he moved to shortly before the accident. 
E)  the names of common objects. 
A)  the name of the high school from which he graduated. 
B)  events that occurred just before his accident. 
C)  names of people he just met. 
D)  where he moved to shortly before the accident. 
E)  the names of common objects. C

Question 2

Many researchers believe that memory conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory requires

Accepted Answer

A)  creation of new neurons. 
B)  creation of new synapses. 
C)  development of new neurotransmitters. 
D)  long-term potentiation. 
E)  weakening neuronal networks. 
A)  creation of new neurons. 
B)  creation of new synapses. 
C)  development of new neurotransmitters. 
D)  long-term potentiation. 
E)  weakening neuronal networks. D

Question 3

Why do students generally perform better on multiple-choice tests than on essay tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiple-choice tests provide more retrieval cues. 
B)  Multiple-choice tests encourage better memory consolidation. 
C)  Multiple-choice tests have higher long-term potentiation. 
D)  Multiple-choice tests have less retroactive interference. 
E)  Multiple-choice tests have less proactive interference. 
A)  Multiple-choice tests provide more retrieval cues. 
B)  Multiple-choice tests encourage better memory consolidation. 
C)  Multiple-choice tests have higher long-term potentiation. 
D)  Multiple-choice tests have less retroactive interference. 
E)  Multiple-choice tests have less proactive interference. A

Question 4

Which student is taking a test that is a recognition task?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elaine,who takes an exam in her Spanish class in which she is presented with a word in English and then must write the Spanish equivalent. 
B)  Erin,who takes an oral exam in her astronomy class in which she must list the planets in order. 
C)  Melissa,who takes a multiple-choice exam in her sociology class in which she must identify key events and founders in the history of sociology from a list of choices. 
D)  Sharon,who takes an essay exam in her history class in which she must list key events and dates during the Vietnam War. 
E)  Jordan,who takes an essay exam in her film studies class in which she must discuss two philosophical positions presented in The Matrix. 
A)  Elaine,who takes an exam in her Spanish class in which she is presented with a word in English and then must write the Spanish equivalent. 
B)  Erin,who takes an oral exam in her astronomy class in which she must list the planets in order. 
C)  Melissa,who takes a multiple-choice exam in her sociology class in which she must identify key events and founders in the history of sociology from a list of choices. 
D)  Sharon,who takes an essay exam in her history class in which she must list key events and dates during the Vietnam War. 
E)  Jordan,who takes an essay exam in her film studies class in which she must discuss two philosophical positions presented in The Matrix.

Question 5

The best memory usually results from which type of encoding?

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal 
B)  semantic 
C)  acoustic 
D)  visual 
E)  echoic 
A)  verbal 
B)  semantic 
C)  acoustic 
D)  visual 
E)  echoic

Question 6

Advances in genetic engineering show that it is possible to

Accepted Answer

A)  enhance learning and memory ability in nonhuman organisms. 
B)  erase specific memories from the brain. 
C)  graft parts of the brain from one organism into another to share memories. 
D)  breed animals that perform as well as humans on memory tests. 
E)  increase memory functioning in humans. 
A)  enhance learning and memory ability in nonhuman organisms. 
B)  erase specific memories from the brain. 
C)  graft parts of the brain from one organism into another to share memories. 
D)  breed animals that perform as well as humans on memory tests. 
E)  increase memory functioning in humans.

Question 7

The overall outcome of Lashley's search for the engram was the

Accepted Answer

A)  discovery of different engrams for different sorts of memories. 
B)  realization that memories are not stored in any specific brain structure. 
C)  discovery of a single engram for various sorts of memories. 
D)  localization of engrams in the hippocampus. 
E)  confirmation that memories are housed in the cerebral cortex. 
A)  discovery of different engrams for different sorts of memories. 
B)  realization that memories are not stored in any specific brain structure. 
C)  discovery of a single engram for various sorts of memories. 
D)  localization of engrams in the hippocampus. 
E)  confirmation that memories are housed in the cerebral cortex.

Question 8

Maintenance rehearsal involves practice based on __________,whereas elaborative rehearsal involves practice based on _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  repetition; rehearsing meaningful associations. 
B)  strengthening neural connections; strengthening neural nets. 
C)  repeating information as a whole; breaking the information into smaller pieces. 
D)  chunking; partial rehearsal. 
E)  partial rehearsal; chunking. 
A)  repetition; rehearsing meaningful associations. 
B)  strengthening neural connections; strengthening neural nets. 
C)  repeating information as a whole; breaking the information into smaller pieces. 
D)  chunking; partial rehearsal. 
E)  partial rehearsal; chunking.

Question 9

The levels-of-processing theory explains the

Accepted Answer

A)  interaction among the components of working memory. 
B)  organization of the semantic network model. 
C)  superiority of elaborative rehearsal over maintenance rehearsal. 
D)  direction of spreading activation. 
E)  process of consolidating memories during sleep. 
A)  interaction among the components of working memory. 
B)  organization of the semantic network model. 
C)  superiority of elaborative rehearsal over maintenance rehearsal. 
D)  direction of spreading activation. 
E)  process of consolidating memories during sleep.

Question 10

Mark's friends say he has a "photographic memory." In scientific terms,Mark's memory ability is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic memory. 
B)  eidetic imagery. 
C)  immediate imagery. 
D)  semantic memory. 
E)  echoic memory. 
A)  iconic memory. 
B)  eidetic imagery. 
C)  immediate imagery. 
D)  semantic memory. 
E)  echoic memory.

Question 11

In contrast to maintenance rehearsal,elaborative rehearsal involves

Accepted Answer

A)  repetition of information to strengthen new learning. 
B)  strengthening neural connections. 
C)  breaking down complex material into smaller pieces. 
D)  chunking information. 
E)  focusing on the meaning of the material.. 
A)  repetition of information to strengthen new learning. 
B)  strengthening neural connections. 
C)  breaking down complex material into smaller pieces. 
D)  chunking information. 
E)  focusing on the meaning of the material..

Question 12

A device for improving memory is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  mnemonic. 
B)  engram. 
C)  consolidator. 
D)  retrograde recaller. 
E)  neuronal network. 
A)  mnemonic. 
B)  engram. 
C)  consolidator. 
D)  retrograde recaller. 
E)  neuronal network.

Question 13

Which of the following statements best describes the benefits of research on the genetic bases of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Presently available drugs show benefits in boosting human memory. 
B)  Understanding the genetic bases of memory has led to development of drugs to boost memory in both Alzheimer's patients and normal individuals. 
C)  Scientists can prevent Alzheimer's disease in some cases through genetic manipulation of particular genes. 
D)  Scientists have identified specific proteins regulated by so-called memory genes that can be synthesized to improve human memory. 
E)  No drugs or supplements are yet available that have been shown to enhance memory in normal individuals. 
A)  Presently available drugs show benefits in boosting human memory. 
B)  Understanding the genetic bases of memory has led to development of drugs to boost memory in both Alzheimer's patients and normal individuals. 
C)  Scientists can prevent Alzheimer's disease in some cases through genetic manipulation of particular genes. 
D)  Scientists have identified specific proteins regulated by so-called memory genes that can be synthesized to improve human memory. 
E)  No drugs or supplements are yet available that have been shown to enhance memory in normal individuals.

Question 14

A retrieval cue is

Accepted Answer

A)  an experimental task in which subjects are presented with a stimulus that primes them to respond in a particular way. 
B)  a process for enhancing retention of information by breaking the information into smaller,more easily recalled chunks. 
C)  a lingering mental representation of a sound. 
D)  a lingering mental representation of a visual image. 
E)  a stimulus associated with original learning that helps jog one's memory. 
A)  an experimental task in which subjects are presented with a stimulus that primes them to respond in a particular way. 
B)  a process for enhancing retention of information by breaking the information into smaller,more easily recalled chunks. 
C)  a lingering mental representation of a sound. 
D)  a lingering mental representation of a visual image. 
E)  a stimulus associated with original learning that helps jog one's memory.

Question 15

Which of the following suggests that long-term memory is organized in terms of an elaborate arrangement of associated concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Semantic network model 
B)  Constructionist theory 
C)  Three-stage model 
D)  Levels-of-processing theory 
E)  Retrieval theory 
A)  Semantic network model 
B)  Constructionist theory 
C)  Three-stage model 
D)  Levels-of-processing theory 
E)  Retrieval theory

Question 16

The process of converting unstable,short-term memory into lasting,stable memories is called

Accepted Answer

A)  eidetic engineering. 
B)  maintenance rehearsal. 
C)  elaborative rehearsal. 
D)  consolidation. 
E)  chunking. 
A)  eidetic engineering. 
B)  maintenance rehearsal. 
C)  elaborative rehearsal. 
D)  consolidation. 
E)  chunking.

Question 17

Flashbulb memories are __________ other long-term memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  less vivid and less accurate than 
B)  more vivid and more accurate than 
C)  more vivid and about the same level of accuracy as 
D)  less vivid and about the same level of accuracy as 
E)  more vivid and less accurate than 
A)  less vivid and less accurate than 
B)  more vivid and more accurate than 
C)  more vivid and about the same level of accuracy as 
D)  less vivid and about the same level of accuracy as 
E)  more vivid and less accurate than

Question 18

The capacity of short-term memory was investigated by

Accepted Answer

A)  Loftus. 
B)  Sperling. 
C)  Baddeley. 
D)  Miller. 
E)  Tulving. 
A)  Loftus. 
B)  Sperling. 
C)  Baddeley. 
D)  Miller. 
E)  Tulving.

Question 19

In sensory memory,auditory stimuli are to _____ memory as visual stimuli are to ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  eidetic; iconic 
B)  iconic; echoic 
C)  echoic; iconic 
D)  iconic; eidetic 
E)  eidetic; echoic 
A)  eidetic; iconic 
B)  iconic; echoic 
C)  echoic; iconic 
D)  iconic; eidetic 
E)  eidetic; echoic

Question 20

The idea that memory gradually disintegrates over time is the basis of

Accepted Answer

A)  decay theory. 
B)  interference theory. 
C)  the semantic network model. 
D)  retrieval theory. 
E)  constructionist theory. 
A)  decay theory. 
B)  interference theory. 
C)  the semantic network model. 
D)  retrieval theory. 
E)  constructionist theory.

Because of an accident he suffered last month,Jason suffers from anterograde amnesia.As a result,he may have trouble remembering _____.

Many researchers believe that memory conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory requires

Why do students generally perform better on multiple-choice tests than on essay tests?

Which student is taking a test that is a recognition task?

The best memory usually results from which type of encoding?

Advances in genetic engineering show that it is possible to

The overall outcome of Lashley's search for the engram was the

Maintenance rehearsal involves practice based on __,whereas elaborative rehearsal involves practice based on _.

The levels-of-processing theory explains the

Mark's friends say he has a "photographic memory." In scientific terms,Mark's memory ability is described as

In contrast to maintenance rehearsal,elaborative rehearsal involves

A device for improving memory is a(n)

Which of the following statements best describes the benefits of research on the genetic bases of memory?

A retrieval cue is

Which of the following suggests that long-term memory is organized in terms of an elaborate arrangement of associated concepts?

The process of converting unstable,short-term memory into lasting,stable memories is called

Flashbulb memories are __________ other long-term memories.

The capacity of short-term memory was investigated by

In sensory memory,auditory stimuli are to _ memory as visual stimuli are to __ memory.

The idea that memory gradually disintegrates over time is the basis of

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Exam 6: Memory

Because of an accident he suffered last month,Jason suffers from anterograde amnesia.As a result,he may have trouble remembering _____.

Many researchers believe that memory conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory requires

Why do students generally perform better on multiple-choice tests than on essay tests?

Which student is taking a test that is a recognition task?

The best memory usually results from which type of encoding?

Advances in genetic engineering show that it is possible to

The overall outcome of Lashley's search for the engram was the

Maintenance rehearsal involves practice based on __________,whereas elaborative rehearsal involves practice based on _________.

The levels-of-processing theory explains the

Mark's friends say he has a "photographic memory." In scientific terms,Mark's memory ability is described as

In contrast to maintenance rehearsal,elaborative rehearsal involves

A device for improving memory is a(n)

Which of the following statements best describes the benefits of research on the genetic bases of memory?

A retrieval cue is

Which of the following suggests that long-term memory is organized in terms of an elaborate arrangement of associated concepts?

The process of converting unstable,short-term memory into lasting,stable memories is called

Flashbulb memories are __________ other long-term memories.

The capacity of short-term memory was investigated by

In sensory memory,auditory stimuli are to _____ memory as visual stimuli are to ______ memory.

The idea that memory gradually disintegrates over time is the basis of

The Science of Psychology

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Thinking, language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Filters

Maintenance rehearsal involves practice based on __,whereas elaborative rehearsal involves practice based on _.

In sensory memory,auditory stimuli are to _ memory as visual stimuli are to __ memory.