Question 1

If, in order to score well on intelligence tests, you need to have had a certain kind of cultural experience, then the tests are considered to have a

Accepted Answer

A) cultural anthropology. 
B) cultural interdependence. 
C) cultural bias. 
D) all of these 
A) cultural anthropology. 
B) cultural interdependence. 
C) cultural bias. 
D) all of these

Question 2

Intelligence tests are moderately to highly correlated with academic performance. This concept is known as

Accepted Answer

A) reliability. 
B) test reliability. 
C) validity. 
D) predictive reliability. 
A) reliability. 
B) test reliability. 
C) validity. 
D) predictive reliability.

Question 3

The mayor of a large city announced that the incidence of major crimes was down for the third year in a row. Yet a poll of residents who regularly watched the evening news on TV revealed that they still felt the frequency of criminal acts was high, and they felt unsafe living in the city. Which rule of thumb was responsible for the persistence of the residents' fears?

Accepted Answer

A) Representativeness heuristic 
B) Persistence heuristic 
C) Anchoring and adjustment heuristic 
D) Availability heuristic 
A) Representativeness heuristic 
B) Persistence heuristic 
C) Anchoring and adjustment heuristic 
D) Availability heuristic

Question 4

_________ thinking is to narrowing choices as __________ thinking is to broadening choices.

Accepted Answer

A) Convergent; divergent 
B) Divergent; convergent 
C) Creative; noncreative 
D) Expert; novice 
A) Convergent; divergent 
B) Divergent; convergent 
C) Creative; noncreative 
D) Expert; novice

Question 5

In making decisions, people tend to focus on examples that confirm their judgments and ignore instances that do not. This process often leads to

Accepted Answer

A) overconfidence. 
B) overbearing behavior. 
C) divergent thinking. 
D) availability heuristic. 
A) overconfidence. 
B) overbearing behavior. 
C) divergent thinking. 
D) availability heuristic.

Question 6

__________ refers to the fact that the sounds of a language have meaning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ refers to the fact that the...

Question 7

With the utterance of words, the infant's vocabulary growth at first is

Accepted Answer

A) slow, with just a few words in the next few months. 
B) moderate, with 30 to 40 words in the next few months. 
C) fast, with about 100 words in the next few months. 
D) stable over the next 10 months. 
A) slow, with just a few words in the next few months. 
B) moderate, with 30 to 40 words in the next few months. 
C) fast, with about 100 words in the next few months. 
D) stable over the next 10 months.

Question 8

The best summary statement to characterize the heritability of intelligence is that

Accepted Answer

A) environmental factors only minimally affect intelligence. 
B) genetic factors only minimally affect intelligence. 
C) genetic factors account for about half of the variation in intelligence test scores among individuals. 
D) genetic factors account for about 90% of the variation in intelligence test scores among individuals. 
A) environmental factors only minimally affect intelligence. 
B) genetic factors only minimally affect intelligence. 
C) genetic factors account for about half of the variation in intelligence test scores among individuals. 
D) genetic factors account for about 90% of the variation in intelligence test scores among individuals.

Question 9

The major problem with J.P. Guilford's approach to intelligence is

Accepted Answer

A) difficulty computing the IQ scores. 
B) overlap among many of the proposed factors. 
C) discovery of more factors each year. 
D) all of these 
A) difficulty computing the IQ scores. 
B) overlap among many of the proposed factors. 
C) discovery of more factors each year. 
D) all of these

Question 10

Tubby drove over to his friend Cliff's house to help him put up a basketball net. When he got there, Cliff was frustrated because his ladder was broken. Tubby pulled his SUV next to the basketball pole and stood on the roof. Tubby overcame Cliff's

Accepted Answer

A) incubation. 
B) serial processing. 
C) functional fixedness. 
D) insight. 
A) incubation. 
B) serial processing. 
C) functional fixedness. 
D) insight.

Question 11

Another term for the "A-ha!" experience is

Accepted Answer

A) mental set. 
B) serial processing. 
C) parallel processing. 
D) insight. 
A) mental set. 
B) serial processing. 
C) parallel processing. 
D) insight.

Question 12

The representativeness heuristic leads people to make judgments about events according to

Accepted Answer

A) their recent experiences with such events. 
B) the population of events they appear to represent. 
C) how easy it is to find relevant events. 
D) how well those events are present in memory. 
A) their recent experiences with such events. 
B) the population of events they appear to represent. 
C) how easy it is to find relevant events. 
D) how well those events are present in memory.

Question 13

Which of the following is not offered as a reason for overconfidence in decision-making?

Accepted Answer

A) Many people have inborn decision-making skills. 
B) People often focus on examples that confirm their judgments. 
C) People are often unaware of how flimsy their assumptions may be. 
D) People tend to forget information that runs counter to their judgments. 
A) Many people have inborn decision-making skills. 
B) People often focus on examples that confirm their judgments. 
C) People are often unaware of how flimsy their assumptions may be. 
D) People tend to forget information that runs counter to their judgments.

Question 14

As a juror attempting to make a decision regarding the possible guilt of a defendant, you recall how the lawyer kept referring to this individual as a criminal, so you assume he/she must be guilty. You have allowed _________ to influence your decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) representative heuristics 
B) availability effect 
C) framing effect 
D) all of these 
A) representative heuristics 
B) availability effect 
C) framing effect 
D) all of these

Question 15

Mary keeps dwelling on a problem she is trying to solve. Her best friend wants to help and advises Mary to

Accepted Answer

A) walk away and don't think about it for a while. 
B) stay focused on the problem so a solution will eventually come to her. 
C) keep plugging away at it until a solution comes to her. 
D) do none of these 
A) walk away and don't think about it for a while. 
B) stay focused on the problem so a solution will eventually come to her. 
C) keep plugging away at it until a solution comes to her. 
D) do none of these

Question 16

Crossword puzzle experts solve problems more efficiently and rapidly than neophytes. Select the skill that in your judgment would least contribute to making a person an expert in solving crossword puzzles.

Accepted Answer

A) An inborn aptitude for crossword puzzles 
B) Good memory for the elements of crossword puzzles 
C) Efficient methods for solving crossword puzzles 
D) Relating a puzzle to others similar in structure 
A) An inborn aptitude for crossword puzzles 
B) Good memory for the elements of crossword puzzles 
C) Efficient methods for solving crossword puzzles 
D) Relating a puzzle to others similar in structure

Question 17

If you are given a physics problem, what might aid your understanding of the problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Your mental representations of the parts of the problem relate to one another in a meaningful way. 
B) The mentally represented parts of the problem correspond to the elements of the problem in reality. 
C) You have taken courses in physics that provide the background knowledge for solving the problem. 
D) All of these 
A) Your mental representations of the parts of the problem relate to one another in a meaningful way. 
B) The mentally represented parts of the problem correspond to the elements of the problem in reality. 
C) You have taken courses in physics that provide the background knowledge for solving the problem. 
D) All of these

Question 18

You can explain to your friends what you did over spring break even though you were not together due to the _________ characteristic of language.

Accepted Answer

A) infinite generativity 
B) symbolic 
C) displacement 
D) all of these 
A) infinite generativity 
B) symbolic 
C) displacement 
D) all of these

Question 19

When a problem is similar to a population of events, a(n) ______ heuristic may be applicable.

Accepted Answer

A) adaptable 
B) rational 
C) representative 
D) token 
A) adaptable 
B) rational 
C) representative 
D) token

Question 20

Studies of environmental influences on intelligence utilize such research strategies as

Accepted Answer

A) observing the role of the home environment. 
B) evaluating the effects of educational programs. 
C) taking gene pool samples. 
D) both observing the home environment and evaluating the educational program 
A) observing the role of the home environment. 
B) evaluating the effects of educational programs. 
C) taking gene pool samples. 
D) both observing the home environment and evaluating the educational program

If, in order to score well on intelligence tests, you need to have had a certain kind of cultural experience, then the tests are considered to have a

Intelligence tests are moderately to highly correlated with academic performance. This concept is known as

_ thinking is to narrowing choices as __ thinking is to broadening choices.

In making decisions, people tend to focus on examples that confirm their judgments and ignore instances that do not. This process often leads to

__________ refers to the fact that the sounds of a language have meaning.

With the utterance of words, the infant's vocabulary growth at first is

The best summary statement to characterize the heritability of intelligence is that

The major problem with J.P. Guilford's approach to intelligence is

Tubby drove over to his friend Cliff's house to help him put up a basketball net. When he got there, Cliff was frustrated because his ladder was broken. Tubby pulled his SUV next to the basketball pole and stood on the roof. Tubby overcame Cliff's

Another term for the "A-ha!" experience is

The representativeness heuristic leads people to make judgments about events according to

Which of the following is not offered as a reason for overconfidence in decision-making?

As a juror attempting to make a decision regarding the possible guilt of a defendant, you recall how the lawyer kept referring to this individual as a criminal, so you assume he/she must be guilty. You have allowed _________ to influence your decision-making.

Mary keeps dwelling on a problem she is trying to solve. Her best friend wants to help and advises Mary to

Crossword puzzle experts solve problems more efficiently and rapidly than neophytes. Select the skill that in your judgment would least contribute to making a person an expert in solving crossword puzzles.

If you are given a physics problem, what might aid your understanding of the problem?

You can explain to your friends what you did over spring break even though you were not together due to the _________ characteristic of language.

When a problem is similar to a population of events, a(n) ______ heuristic may be applicable.

Studies of environmental influences on intelligence utilize such research strategies as

What Is Psychology

Biology and Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past-And Future

Motivation and Emotion

The Voyage Through the Life Span

Personality: Theory and Measurement

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Psychology and Human Behavior

Psychology and Personality

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Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

If, in order to score well on intelligence tests, you need to have had a certain kind of cultural experience, then the tests are considered to have a

Intelligence tests are moderately to highly correlated with academic performance. This concept is known as

_________ thinking is to narrowing choices as __________ thinking is to broadening choices.

In making decisions, people tend to focus on examples that confirm their judgments and ignore instances that do not. This process often leads to

__________ refers to the fact that the sounds of a language have meaning.

With the utterance of words, the infant's vocabulary growth at first is

The best summary statement to characterize the heritability of intelligence is that

The major problem with J.P. Guilford's approach to intelligence is

Tubby drove over to his friend Cliff's house to help him put up a basketball net. When he got there, Cliff was frustrated because his ladder was broken. Tubby pulled his SUV next to the basketball pole and stood on the roof. Tubby overcame Cliff's

Another term for the "A-ha!" experience is

The representativeness heuristic leads people to make judgments about events according to

Which of the following is not offered as a reason for overconfidence in decision-making?

As a juror attempting to make a decision regarding the possible guilt of a defendant, you recall how the lawyer kept referring to this individual as a criminal, so you assume he/she must be guilty. You have allowed _________ to influence your decision-making.

Mary keeps dwelling on a problem she is trying to solve. Her best friend wants to help and advises Mary to

Crossword puzzle experts solve problems more efficiently and rapidly than neophytes. Select the skill that in your judgment would least contribute to making a person an expert in solving crossword puzzles.

If you are given a physics problem, what might aid your understanding of the problem?

You can explain to your friends what you did over spring break even though you were not together due to the _________ characteristic of language.

When a problem is similar to a population of events, a(n) ______ heuristic may be applicable.

Studies of environmental influences on intelligence utilize such research strategies as

What Is Psychology

Biology and Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past-And Future

Motivation and Emotion

The Voyage Through the Life Span

Personality: Theory and Measurement

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Psychology and Human Behavior

Psychology and Personality

Filters

_ thinking is to narrowing choices as __ thinking is to broadening choices.