Question 1

Central adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron. 
A)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron.

Question 2

The spinal tract that relays information concerning pain and temperature to the CNS is the

Accepted Answer

A)  fasciculus gracilis. 
B)  fasciculus cuneatus. 
C)  posterior spinocerebellar. 
D)  lateral spinothalamic. 
E)  anterior spinothalamic. 
A)  fasciculus gracilis. 
B)  fasciculus cuneatus. 
C)  posterior spinocerebellar. 
D)  lateral spinothalamic. 
E)  anterior spinothalamic.

Question 3

Why is injury to the medulla oblongata frequently fatal?

Accepted Answer

This region of the brain contains the ce

Question 4

Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve.

Accepted Answer

A)  ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal 
B)  maxillary branch of the trigeminal 
C)  mandibular branch of the trigeminal 
D)  glossopharyngeal 
E)  hypoglossal 
A)  ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal 
B)  maxillary branch of the trigeminal 
C)  mandibular branch of the trigeminal 
D)  glossopharyngeal 
E)  hypoglossal

Question 5

The medial and lateral motor pathways can modify, or direct, skeletal muscle contractions by ________ lower motor neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating 
B)  facilitating 
C)  inhibiting 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  stimulating 
B)  facilitating 
C)  inhibiting 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

Sensory neurons that are always active are called ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sensory neurons that are always active are...

Question 7

Cerebrospinal fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by ependymal cells. 
B)  is formed by a passive process. 
C)  is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed. 
D)  has almost the same composition as blood plasma. 
E)  is formed by a passive process and has almost the same composition as blood plasma. 
A)  is secreted by ependymal cells. 
B)  is formed by a passive process. 
C)  is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed. 
D)  has almost the same composition as blood plasma. 
E)  is formed by a passive process and has almost the same composition as blood plasma.

Question 8

A fast-adapting mechanoreceptor in the papillary layer of the dermis that responds to fine touch is a

Accepted Answer

A)  tactile (Merkel) disc. 
B)  root hair plexus. 
C)  free nerve ending. 
D)  Ruffini corpuscle. 
E)  tactile (Meissner) corpuscle. 
A)  tactile (Merkel) disc. 
B)  root hair plexus. 
C)  free nerve ending. 
D)  Ruffini corpuscle. 
E)  tactile (Meissner) corpuscle.

Question 9

Examples of sensory modalities include

Accepted Answer

A)  touch. 
B)  warmth. 
C)  smell. 
D)  vibration. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  touch. 
B)  warmth. 
C)  smell. 
D)  vibration. 
E)  all of the above

Question 10

Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve.

Accepted Answer

A)  optic 
B)  oculomotor 
C)  trochlear 
D)  olfactory 
E)  abducens 
A)  optic 
B)  oculomotor 
C)  trochlear 
D)  olfactory 
E)  abducens

Question 11

A brain injury to a patient results in facial paralysis. Which descending tract is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  corticospinal tract 
B)  tectospinal tract 
C)  rubrospinal tract 
D)  corticobulbar tract 
E)  reticulospinal tract 
A)  corticospinal tract 
B)  tectospinal tract 
C)  rubrospinal tract 
D)  corticobulbar tract 
E)  reticulospinal tract

Question 12

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  diencephalon 
C)  prosencephalon 
D)  midbrain 
E)  pons 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  diencephalon 
C)  prosencephalon 
D)  midbrain 
E)  pons

Question 13

Bell's palsy is caused by inflammation of the facial nerve (VII). What signs and symptoms would you expect in this condition?
 Is it permanent?

Accepted Answer

Patients suffering from Bell's palsy usu

Question 14

Sensory information that arrives at the CNS is routed according to the ________ of the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  type 
B)  intensity 
C)  location 
D)  the speed 
E)  type and location 
A)  type 
B)  intensity 
C)  location 
D)  the speed 
E)  type and location

Question 15

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  aqueduct of Sylvius. 
B)  cerebral aqueduct. 
C)  aqueduct of midbrain. 
D)  interventricular foramen. 
E)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  aqueduct of Sylvius. 
B)  cerebral aqueduct. 
C)  aqueduct of midbrain. 
D)  interventricular foramen. 
E)  medulla oblongata.

Question 16

________ receptors are ________ times more numerous than ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Warm; three or four; cold 
B)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; cold 
C)  Cold; three or four; warm 
D)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; temperature 
E)  Cold; 10; warm 
A)  Warm; three or four; cold 
B)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; cold 
C)  Cold; three or four; warm 
D)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; temperature 
E)  Cold; 10; warm

Question 17

Figure 13-3 Spinothalamic Tracts
Use Figure 13-3 to answer the following questions:
-Which of the following is True regarding the structure labeled "6"?
1) The synapse occurs between motor neurons.
2) The sensations may be filtered out.
3) The third-order neuron projects to the primary sensory cortex.
4) The third-order neuron's axon is identified.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 4 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  1 and 3 
A)  1 and 4 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  1 and 3

Question 18

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include the

Accepted Answer

A)  pulvinar. 
B)  lateral geniculate. 
C)  medial geniculate. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  pulvinar. 
B)  lateral geniculate. 
C)  medial geniculate. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Which of the following kinds of information do fine-touch and light-pressure mechanoreceptors provide?

Accepted Answer

A)  location of the stimulus 
B)  shape of the stimulus 
C)  texture of the stimulus 
D)  movement of the stimulus 
E)  all of the above 
A)  location of the stimulus 
B)  shape of the stimulus 
C)  texture of the stimulus 
D)  movement of the stimulus 
E)  all of the above

Question 20

The general senses

Accepted Answer

A)  involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure. 
B)  are located in specialized structures called sense organs. 
C)  are localized to specific areas of the body. 
D)  cannot generate action potentials. 
E)  are limited to the skin. 
A)  involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure. 
B)  are located in specialized structures called sense organs. 
C)  are localized to specific areas of the body. 
D)  cannot generate action potentials. 
E)  are limited to the skin.

Exam 13: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Central adaptation refers to

The spinal tract that relays information concerning pain and temperature to the CNS is the

Why is injury to the medulla oblongata frequently fatal?

Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve.

The medial and lateral motor pathways can modify, or direct, skeletal muscle contractions by ________ lower motor neurons.

Sensory neurons that are always active are called ________ receptors.

Cerebrospinal fluid

A fast-adapting mechanoreceptor in the papillary layer of the dermis that responds to fine touch is a

Examples of sensory modalities include

Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve.

A brain injury to a patient results in facial paralysis. Which descending tract is most likely affected?

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

Bell's palsy is caused by inflammation of the facial nerve (VII). What signs and symptoms would you expect in this condition? Is it permanent?

Sensory information that arrives at the CNS is routed according to the ________ of the stimulus.

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

________ receptors are ________ times more numerous than ________ receptors.

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include the

Which of the following kinds of information do fine-touch and light-pressure mechanoreceptors provide?

The general senses

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Articulations

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood and Blood Vessels

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

receptors are times more numerous than receptors.