Question 1

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has

Accepted Answer

A)  increased over time. 
B)  been about the same over the last century. 
C)  decreased over time. 
D)  never been very important. 
A)  increased over time. 
B)  been about the same over the last century. 
C)  decreased over time. 
D)  never been very important. A

Question 2

Based on the material in thisCHAPTER of the text, address the issue of human freedom in a socially structured world. That is, to what extent do you think people are free to think and act as they wish? In answering this question, consider the theories presented in the CHAPTER-for example, why does Mead's theory point to greater human freedom than Freud's theory?

Accepted Answer

Human freedom in a socially structured world is a complex issue that is influenced by various theories and perspectives. In considering the extent to which people are free to think and act as they wish, it is important to examine the theories presented in the chapter.

One theory that points to greater human freedom is Mead's theory of symbolic interactionism. According to Mead, individuals develop a sense of self through social interactions and the use of symbols. This theory suggests that individuals have the ability to interpret and respond to their social environment, and to shape their own identities through their interactions with others. This implies a greater degree of agency and freedom for individuals to construct their own realities and make choices based on their interpretations of the world around them.

On the other hand, Freud's theory of psychoanalysis presents a more deterministic view of human behavior. According to Freud, individuals are driven by unconscious desires and instincts that are shaped by early childhood experiences. This theory suggests that individuals may not have full control over their thoughts and actions, as they are influenced by unconscious forces beyond their awareness. This implies a more limited sense of freedom, as individuals may be constrained by their unconscious motivations and past experiences.

In considering these theories, it is clear that human freedom is influenced by both internal and external factors. While Mead's theory emphasizes the role of social interactions and individual agency in shaping one's sense of self and freedom, Freud's theory highlights the influence of unconscious forces and past experiences on human behavior.

Overall, the issue of human freedom in a socially structured world is a complex and multifaceted one. While individuals may have the capacity to think and act as they wish to some extent, their freedom is also shaped by social, cultural, and psychological factors. The theories presented in the chapter offer valuable insights into the complexities of human freedom and the ways in which it is influenced by various forces.

Question 3

The period of life called "middle adulthood" typically involves

Accepted Answer

A)  life circumstances becoming more or less set. 
B)  a lack of awareness of health issues. 
C)  childrearing responsibilities. 
D)  juggling conflicting priorities. 
A)  life circumstances becoming more or less set. 
B)  a lack of awareness of health issues. 
C)  childrearing responsibilities. 
D)  juggling conflicting priorities. A

Question 4

Based on everything you have read in thisCHAPTER, what are some of the ways in which girls and boys differ in their socialization experience? Provide specific examples in your response.

Accepted Answer

There are several ways in which girls an

Question 5

A community college is a good example of a total institution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Family is important to the socialization process because

Accepted Answer

A)  family members are often what Mead called "generalized others." 
B)  families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion. 
C)  families begin the process of anticipatory socialization. 
D)  families set the stage for resocialization. 
A)  family members are often what Mead called "generalized others." 
B)  families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion. 
C)  families begin the process of anticipatory socialization. 
D)  families set the stage for resocialization.

Question 7

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  anticipatory social center 
B)  cohort community 
C)  total institution 
D)  degradation ceremony 
A)  anticipatory social center 
B)  cohort community 
C)  total institution 
D)  degradation ceremony

Question 8

The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  monkeys isolated for six months were highly fearful when they were returned to others of their kind. 
B)  isolated monkeys able to cuddle artificial mothers developed normally. 
C)  even several days of social isolation permanently damaged infant monkeys. 
D)  prolonged isolation had little effect on infant monkeys. 
A)  monkeys isolated for six months were highly fearful when they were returned to others of their kind. 
B)  isolated monkeys able to cuddle artificial mothers developed normally. 
C)  even several days of social isolation permanently damaged infant monkeys. 
D)  prolonged isolation had little effect on infant monkeys.

Question 9

For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor stage 
B)  preoperational stage 
C)  concrete operational stage 
D)  formal operational stage 
A)  sensorimotor stage 
B)  preoperational stage 
C)  concrete operational stage 
D)  formal operational stage

Question 10

One contribution of schooling to the socialization process that teaches about rules and schedules is

Accepted Answer

A)  exposing the child to a bureaucratic setting. 
B)  exposing the child to people of similar social backgrounds. 
C)  teaching children to be highly flexible and to express their individuality. 
D)  helping children break free of gender roles. 
A)  exposing the child to a bureaucratic setting. 
B)  exposing the child to people of similar social backgrounds. 
C)  teaching children to be highly flexible and to express their individuality. 
D)  helping children break free of gender roles.

Question 11

During the last century, the mass media have had a declining influence on people in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In a total institution, staff members

Accepted Answer

A)  closely supervise all the daily life of inmates. 
B)  encourage the individual growth and creativity of inmates. 
C)  allow inmates to choose their own food, clothing, and activities. 
D)  institute informal rules to direct people's daily routines. 
A)  closely supervise all the daily life of inmates. 
B)  encourage the individual growth and creativity of inmates. 
C)  allow inmates to choose their own food, clothing, and activities. 
D)  institute informal rules to direct people's daily routines.

Question 13

According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor stage 
B)  preoperational stage 
C)  concrete operational stage 
D)  formal operational stage 
A)  sensorimotor stage 
B)  preoperational stage 
C)  concrete operational stage 
D)  formal operational stage

Question 14

Total institutions operate with the goal of resocializing inmates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  id 
B)  ego 
C)  superego 
D)  thanatos 
A)  id 
B)  ego 
C)  superego 
D)  thanatos

Question 16

Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  girls begin with low self-esteem, but it gradually increases as they progress through adolescence. 
B)  at all ages, girls have higher self-esteem than boys. 
C)  at all ages, boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
D)  girls begin with high levels of self-esteem, which gradually decrease as they go through adolescence. 
A)  girls begin with low self-esteem, but it gradually increases as they progress through adolescence. 
B)  at all ages, girls have higher self-esteem than boys. 
C)  at all ages, boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
D)  girls begin with high levels of self-esteem, which gradually decrease as they go through adolescence.

Question 17

Mead would agree that

Accepted Answer

A)  socialization ends with the development of self in childhood. 
B)  if you won $100 million in a lottery, your self might change. 
C)  people are puppets with little control over their lives. 
D)  human behavior reflects both nature and nurture. 
A)  socialization ends with the development of self in childhood. 
B)  if you won $100 million in a lottery, your self might change. 
C)  people are puppets with little control over their lives. 
D)  human behavior reflects both nature and nurture.

Question 18

According to Mead, social experience involves

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding the world in terms of our senses. 
B)  the exchange of symbols. 
C)  a mix of biological instinct and learning. 
D)  acting but not thinking. 
A)  understanding the world in terms of our senses. 
B)  the exchange of symbols. 
C)  a mix of biological instinct and learning. 
D)  acting but not thinking.

Question 19

Today, the factor people most commonly use in deciding if a person has reached adulthood is noting if the young woman or young man

Accepted Answer

A)  has completed all schooling. 
B)  has a full-time job, with the ability to support a family. 
C)  is married. 
D)  is married and has children. 
A)  has completed all schooling. 
B)  has a full-time job, with the ability to support a family. 
C)  is married. 
D)  is married and has children.

Question 20

Mead placed the origin of the self in

Accepted Answer

A)  biological drives. 
B)  culture. 
C)  social experience. 
D)  the functioning of the brain. 
A)  biological drives. 
B)  culture. 
C)  social experience. 
D)  the functioning of the brain.

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has

The period of life called "middle adulthood" typically involves

Based on everything you have read in thisCHAPTER, what are some of the ways in which girls and boys differ in their socialization experience? Provide specific examples in your response.

A community college is a good example of a total institution.

Family is important to the socialization process because

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n)

The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys showed that

For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?

One contribution of schooling to the socialization process that teaches about rules and schedules is

During the last century, the mass media have had a declining influence on people in the United States.

In a total institution, staff members

According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact?

Total institutions operate with the goal of resocializing inmates.

In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that

Mead would agree that

According to Mead, social experience involves

Today, the factor people most commonly use in deciding if a person has reached adulthood is noting if the young woman or young man

Mead placed the origin of the self in

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Deviance

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Economics and Politics

Family and Religion

Education, Health, and Medicine

Population, Urbanization, and Environment

Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

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Exam 3: Socialization

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has

The period of life called "middle adulthood" typically involves

Based on everything you have read in thisCHAPTER, what are some of the ways in which girls and boys differ in their socialization experience? Provide specific examples in your response.

A community college is a good example of a total institution.

Family is important to the socialization process because

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n)

The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys showed that

For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?

One contribution of schooling to the socialization process that teaches about rules and schedules is

During the last century, the mass media have had a declining influence on people in the United States.

In a total institution, staff members

According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact?

Total institutions operate with the goal of resocializing inmates.

In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that

Mead would agree that

According to Mead, social experience involves

Today, the factor people most commonly use in deciding if a person has reached adulthood is noting if the young woman or young man

Mead placed the origin of the self in

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Deviance

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Economics and Politics

Family and Religion

Education, Health, and Medicine

Population, Urbanization, and Environment

Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

Filters