Question 1

Tar has a lower viscosity than gasoline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The United States government tracks the consumption of metals deemed "strategic" to our society,industry,and defense,and compares their consumption against the resources of those ores within the United States.Based on the chart below,what resources should U.S.geologists be exploring for?

Accepted Answer

A)  iron and lead 
B)  iron, copper, and lead 
C)  zinc and gold 
D)  platinum, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and chromium 
A)  iron and lead 
B)  iron, copper, and lead 
C)  zinc and gold 
D)  platinum, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and chromium D

Question 3

Which of these geologic phenomena would a modern mineral prospector use to search for a large deposit of sulfide or minerals within a magmatic body?

Accepted Answer

A)  areas of earthquake wave attenuation 
B)  the concentration of aluminum in soils of the area 
C)  indications of recent hydrothermal activity 
D)  locally stronger gravity because of denser minerals 
A)  areas of earthquake wave attenuation 
B)  the concentration of aluminum in soils of the area 
C)  indications of recent hydrothermal activity 
D)  locally stronger gravity because of denser minerals D

Question 4

Mineral-rich veins within or near plutons,deposited in fractures by hot groundwater,characterize ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrothermal deposits 
B)  placer deposits 
C)  residual mineral deposits 
D)  sedimentary deposits 
A)  hydrothermal deposits 
B)  placer deposits 
C)  residual mineral deposits 
D)  sedimentary deposits

Question 5

Most of the hydrocarbons within oil and natural gas are derived from the breakdown of organic matter from dead ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dinosaurs 
B)  plankton 
C)  terrestrial plants 
D)  mammals 
A)  dinosaurs 
B)  plankton 
C)  terrestrial plants 
D)  mammals

Question 6

What effect would the intrusion of a magma body have on the depth to the "oil window",and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  None. 
B)  The depth to the oil window should increase because the magma is migrating upward and thereby decreasing crustal pressures 
C)  The depth to the oil window should decrease because the magma is bringing heat closer to Earth's surface. 
D)  The depth to the oil window should increase because the water in the magma will cool the nearby rock. 
A)  None. 
B)  The depth to the oil window should increase because the magma is migrating upward and thereby decreasing crustal pressures 
C)  The depth to the oil window should decrease because the magma is bringing heat closer to Earth's surface. 
D)  The depth to the oil window should increase because the water in the magma will cool the nearby rock.

Question 7

According to the figure below,the most common source of energy use in the United States in 2000 was ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  oil 
B)  natural gas 
C)  coal 
D)  wind and running water 
A)  oil 
B)  natural gas 
C)  coal 
D)  wind and running water

Question 8

Which sequence of coal ranks is listed in order from lowest to highest energy content?

Accepted Answer

A)  anthracite, bituminous, lignite 
B)  lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C)  bituminous, lignite, anthracite 
D)  bituminous, anthracite, lignite 
A)  anthracite, bituminous, lignite 
B)  lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C)  bituminous, lignite, anthracite 
D)  bituminous, anthracite, lignite

Question 9

Most of the world's coal was deposited in coal swamps during the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cretaceous 
B)  Ordovician 
C)  Carboniferous 
D)  Jurassic 
A)  Cretaceous 
B)  Ordovician 
C)  Carboniferous 
D)  Jurassic

Question 10

A permeable and porous rock,regardless of lithology,is a good candidate to serve as a ____________ in an oil-producing scenario.

Accepted Answer

A)  reservoir rock 
B)  seal rock 
C)  source rock 
A)  reservoir rock 
B)  seal rock 
C)  source rock

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an important type of oil trap?

Accepted Answer

A)  salt dome 
B)  syncline 
C)  stratigraphic 
D)  anticline 
A)  salt dome 
B)  syncline 
C)  stratigraphic 
D)  anticline

Question 12

According to the table below,the world's oil reserves are likely to be depleted in about ____________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  40 
C)  4,000 
D)  600,000 
A)  10 
B)  40 
C)  4,000 
D)  600,000

Question 13

Matter that stores energy in a readily usable form is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  antimatter 
B)  fuel 
C)  nuclear 
D)  radioactive 
A)  antimatter 
B)  fuel 
C)  nuclear 
D)  radioactive

Question 14

If a sedimentary basin is tectonically subsiding,how would the depth of the oil window be affected,and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The depth of the oil window would decrease because hot fluids produced from diagenesis of basin sediments would increase hydrocarbon temperatures. 
B)  The depth of the oil window would increase because fluids produced from diagenesis of basin sediments would prevent or buffer any rise of hydrocarbon temperatures. 
C)  The depth of the oil window would decrease because the basin bottom would be closer to the mantle and heat of Earth's outer core. 
D)  The depth of the oil window would increase because the geothermal gradient in the subsiding basin would lead to cooler rocks being found at greater depths. 
A)  The depth of the oil window would decrease because hot fluids produced from diagenesis of basin sediments would increase hydrocarbon temperatures. 
B)  The depth of the oil window would increase because fluids produced from diagenesis of basin sediments would prevent or buffer any rise of hydrocarbon temperatures. 
C)  The depth of the oil window would decrease because the basin bottom would be closer to the mantle and heat of Earth's outer core. 
D)  The depth of the oil window would increase because the geothermal gradient in the subsiding basin would lead to cooler rocks being found at greater depths.

Question 15

Which of the factors listed below does NOT hinder using geothermal energy to provide most of society's electrical needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Groundwater is not available in all places, to capture and carry heat to the surface. 
B)  Magma is found in the shallow crust in only limited areas of the planet. 
C)  Rocks rarely have sufficient permeability to allow flow of groundwater. 
D)  Electrical transmission lines cannot carry electricity generated at geothermal power plants. 
A)  Groundwater is not available in all places, to capture and carry heat to the surface. 
B)  Magma is found in the shallow crust in only limited areas of the planet. 
C)  Rocks rarely have sufficient permeability to allow flow of groundwater. 
D)  Electrical transmission lines cannot carry electricity generated at geothermal power plants.

Question 16

Which organic substance is produced by black organic shales at temperatures below the oil window?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural gas 
B)  coal 
C)  kerogen 
D)  keratin 
A)  natural gas 
B)  coal 
C)  kerogen 
D)  keratin

Question 17

If drilling encounters both oil and natural gas within a single interval,the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gas will float on top of the oil 
B)  oil will float on top of the gas 
C)  gas and oil will be thoroughly mixed together 
D)  gas will exist in a dissolved state within the oil 
A)  gas will float on top of the oil 
B)  oil will float on top of the gas 
C)  gas and oil will be thoroughly mixed together 
D)  gas will exist in a dissolved state within the oil

Question 18

____________ create(s)an easy route for oil or gas to travel to a well.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrofracturing 
B)  Seismic-reflection 
C)  Drilling mud 
D)  Pumps 
A)  Hydrofracturing 
B)  Seismic-reflection 
C)  Drilling mud 
D)  Pumps

Question 19

____________ is/are harnessed from the potential energy of water.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydroelectric power 
B)  Solar energy 
C)  Biofuels 
D)  Hydrologic energy 
A)  Hydroelectric power 
B)  Solar energy 
C)  Biofuels 
D)  Hydrologic energy

Question 20

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

Accepted Answer

A)  coal 
B)  oil 
C)  wind 
D)  natural gas 
A)  coal 
B)  oil 
C)  wind 
D)  natural gas

Exam 12: Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Tar has a lower viscosity than gasoline.

The United States government tracks the consumption of metals deemed "strategic" to our society,industry,and defense,and compares their consumption against the resources of those ores within the United States.Based on the chart below,what resources should U.S.geologists be exploring for?

Which of these geologic phenomena would a modern mineral prospector use to search for a large deposit of sulfide or minerals within a magmatic body?

Mineral-rich veins within or near plutons,deposited in fractures by hot groundwater,characterize ____________.

Most of the hydrocarbons within oil and natural gas are derived from the breakdown of organic matter from dead ____________.

What effect would the intrusion of a magma body have on the depth to the "oil window",and why?

According to the figure below,the most common source of energy use in the United States in 2000 was ____________.

Which sequence of coal ranks is listed in order from lowest to highest energy content?

Most of the world's coal was deposited in coal swamps during the ____________.

A permeable and porous rock,regardless of lithology,is a good candidate to serve as a ____________ in an oil-producing scenario.

Which of the following is NOT an important type of oil trap?

According to the table below,the world's oil reserves are likely to be depleted in about ____________ years.

Matter that stores energy in a readily usable form is termed ____________.

If a sedimentary basin is tectonically subsiding,how would the depth of the oil window be affected,and why?

Which of the factors listed below does NOT hinder using geothermal energy to provide most of society's electrical needs?

Which organic substance is produced by black organic shales at temperatures below the oil window?

If drilling encounters both oil and natural gas within a single interval,the ____________.

____________ create(s)an easy route for oil or gas to travel to a well.

____________ is/are harnessed from the potential energy of water.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Rock Groups

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

The Rock Cycle

The Earths Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

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