Exam 16: Crime, deviance, and Social Control

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The evidence suggests that whites are at least as likely to use illegal drugs as blacks,but blacks are _____ _ likely to be sent to prison for a drug-related offense

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Which of the following is the most likely to be both a symbolic boundary and physical boundary?

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Discuss the problem that exists in determining what is morality and appropriately moral behaviour.Provide one example of this problem from modern life.

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Societies have long struggled with questions of moral behaviour-that is,which types of behaviours will be considered good and right (or moral)versus those that are bad and wrong (or immoral).Some common examples in the contemporary United States include whether marijuana use or gay marriage is compatible with our understanding of morality.What is considered immoral behaviour is constantly at issue because in any society different groups will inevitably have different views and understandings.When societies attempt to outlaw certain kinds of previously common and widespread behaviour across society,it is invariably a highly controversial process.For example,marijuana use rivals that of alcohol consumption and some would say marijuana is less debilitating.The growing campaign to legalize marijuana exemplifies the changing dynamics of moral regulation and how hard it is to fix moral behaviour.It is increasingly difficult for opponents of marijuana to persuade citizens that it makes sense to allow alcohol consumption,which can kill both the drinker and others,while still outlawing marijuana and considering it a deviant activity.

How do groups,especially those outside the family,exert pressure to force individuals to conform and so not deviate?

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Which would most likely be a root for the discomfort described by Goffman (1963)in explaining the "norm of engagement"?

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The 1919 constitutional amendment that outlawed the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages in North America failed because __________.

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Describe how sociologists arrived on labelling theory and its reception.What does this theory say about deviance? Provide an example of a behaviour that was labelled deviant but has since become virtually normalized,that is,relabelled,and the persons in authority who contributed to it happening.

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A norm can best be defined as a(n)__________.

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______________is a collection of people who interact with one another and who have a shared sense of belonging

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Which of the following is an example of an unwritten norm?

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What key factor played into Cesare Beccaria's formula for making people obey the law?

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One police officer decides to pull over drivers going 20 kilometres per hour (km/h)over the speed limit.To make his quota,another police officer decides to pull over drivers going 10 km/h over the limit.Who is being fairer?

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The war on drugs to reduce abuse,protect children,make neighbourhoods safer,and the like fell disproportionately on __________,rather than treating the broader spectrum of social ills and classes for which it was intended.

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The evidence suggests that whites are at least as likely to use illegal drugs as blacks,but blacks are ______ likely to be sent to prison for a drug-related offence.

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A key reason for sending people to prison is vengeance.This notion goes back to the very first codifications of law.Provide a definition and commentary.

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Why might a yogi in southern India or a Buddhist monk in Nepal violate a Westerner's so-called "norm of engagement"?

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Probation can best be described as __________.

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Taylor and Ally are attending a home game to cheer on their favourite baseball team.Taylor,like the vast majority of fans in attendance,is wearing the home team's jersey.Ally is wearing a random T-shirt that isn't even the team's colour.Ally's behaviour is __________.

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What criminal activity ultimately brought Enron executives to justice?

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An act of terrorism can be performed by __________.

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