Exam 2: The System Unit: Processing and Memory

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The backside bus (BSB)has been one of the most common types of expansion buses in past years.

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The bus width and bus speed together determine the bus's ____ or bandwidth;that is,the amount of data that can be transferred via the bus in a given period of time.

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In order to synchronize all of a computer's operations,a ____-a small quartz crystal located on the motherboard-is used.

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ROM (read-only memory),also called main memory,is used to store the essential parts of the operating system while the computer is running.

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The CPU-also called the microprocessor or just the board-does the vast majority of the processing for a computer.

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MIDI ports are used to receive wireless transmissions from devices.

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What are the general operations of a machine cycle?

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A ____ is the smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize.

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Most recent software programs,including the latest versions of Microsoft Windows,Mac OS,and Microsoft Office,use ASCII.

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Each place value in a binary number represents ____ raised to the appropriate power.

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The central processing unit (CPU)consists of a variety of circuitry and components that are packaged together and connected directly to the motherboard.

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Early computers required programs to be written in machine language.

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One of the most promising types of nonvolatile RAM is magnetic (or more precisely,____)(MRAM).

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The power supply inside a desktop computer connects to the ____________________ to deliver electricity to the computer.

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Some ____ must be added in pairs for optimal performance.

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Today's CPUs contain hundreds of millions of transistors,and the number doubles approximately every 18 months,a phenomenon known as Moliere's Law.

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With pipelining,a new instruction begins executing as soon as the previous one reaches the next stage of the pipeline.

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____________________ are collections of electronic circuits containing microscopic pathways along which electrical current can travel.

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A computer ____ is the amount of data (measured in bits or bytes)that a CPU can manipulate at one time.

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A USB ____ is a device that plugs into your PC's USB port to convert one port into several USB ports.

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