Question 1

Which drug was extracted from the belladonna plant and used by the ancient Greeks for cosmetic purposes?

Accepted Answer

A)  opium 
B)  diazepam 
C)  d-tubocurare 
D)  atropine 
E)  endorphin 
A)  opium 
B)  diazepam 
C)  d-tubocurare 
D)  atropine 
E)  endorphin

Question 2

Soluble-gas neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A)  are synthesized in the neural cytoplasm. 
B)  once synthesized, immediately diffuse through the cell membrane into the extracellular fluid. 
C)  diffuse into neurons through their cell membranes. 
D)  once in other cells, stimulate the synthesis of a second messenger and are immediately broken down. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  are synthesized in the neural cytoplasm. 
B)  once synthesized, immediately diffuse through the cell membrane into the extracellular fluid. 
C)  diffuse into neurons through their cell membranes. 
D)  once in other cells, stimulate the synthesis of a second messenger and are immediately broken down. 
E)  all of the above

Question 3

In neurons without axons, conduction occurs entirely in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  graded, decrementally conducted potentials. 
B)  action potentials. 
C)  all-or-none potentials. 
D)  saltatory conduction. 
E)  excitation. 
A)  graded, decrementally conducted potentials. 
B)  action potentials. 
C)  all-or-none potentials. 
D)  saltatory conduction. 
E)  excitation.

Question 4

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

Accepted Answer

50% for correctly labeling the

Question 5

Neurons recycle

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter molecules that have been drawn back into the terminal buttons after being released. 
B)  the breakdown products of neurotransmitter molecules that have been degraded in the synapse by enzymes. 
C)  vesicles that have been integrated into the button membrane during exocytosis. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  neurotransmitter molecules that have been drawn back into the terminal buttons after being released. 
B)  the breakdown products of neurotransmitter molecules that have been degraded in the synapse by enzymes. 
C)  vesicles that have been integrated into the button membrane during exocytosis. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

Acetylcholine is created by the addition of an acetyl group to

Accepted Answer

A)  a monoamine. 
B)  a soluble gas. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  an indolamine. 
E)  a choline molecule. 
A)  a monoamine. 
B)  a soluble gas. 
C)  tryptophan. 
D)  an indolamine. 
E)  a choline molecule.

Question 7

Some morphine-like substances that occur naturally in the brain are

Accepted Answer

A)  endorphins. 
B)  autoreceptors. 
C)  exogenous.. 
D)  benzodiazepines. 
E)  false transmitters. 
A)  endorphins. 
B)  autoreceptors. 
C)  exogenous.. 
D)  benzodiazepines. 
E)  false transmitters.

Question 8

Endorphins and __________ are endogenous opioids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Endorphins and __________ are endogenous opioids....

Question 9

The brief period of time immediately after the initiation of an action potential when it is absolutely impossible to initiate another one in the same neuron is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold of excitation. 
B)  threshold of inhibition. 
C)  absolute refractory period. 
D)  IPSP. 
E)  relative refractory period. 
A)  threshold of excitation. 
B)  threshold of inhibition. 
C)  absolute refractory period. 
D)  IPSP. 
E)  relative refractory period.

Question 10

All __________ neurotransmitters are synthesized from tyrosine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All __________ neurotransmitters are synthesized from tyrosine....

Question 11

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  9 
D)  close to 100 
E)  almost 1,000 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  9 
D)  close to 100 
E)  almost 1,000

Question 12

Action potentials originate at the

Accepted Answer

A)  terminal buttons. 
B)  synapses. 
C)  axon, adjacent to the axon hillock. 
D)  node of Ranvier. 
E)  nucleus. 
A)  terminal buttons. 
B)  synapses. 
C)  axon, adjacent to the axon hillock. 
D)  node of Ranvier. 
E)  nucleus.

Question 13

Parkinson's disease is treated with

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  L-DOPA. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  L-DOPA.

Question 14

Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own

Accepted Answer

A)  EPSPs. 
B)  neurotransmitter. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  cyclic AMP. 
E)  APs. 
A)  EPSPs. 
B)  neurotransmitter. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  cyclic AMP. 
E)  APs.

Question 15

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane potentials. 
B)  EPSPs. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  ions. 
E)  crystals. 
A)  membrane potentials. 
B)  EPSPs. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  ions. 
E)  crystals.

Question 16

Conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as __________ conduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conduction in myelinated axons is referred to...

Question 17

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins...

Question 18

Drugs that block the reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse are usually

Accepted Answer

A)  agonists of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  antagonists of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  enzymes of that neurotransmitter. 
D)  receptor blockers. 
E)  ligands of that neurotransmitter. 
A)  agonists of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  antagonists of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  enzymes of that neurotransmitter. 
D)  receptor blockers. 
E)  ligands of that neurotransmitter.

Question 19

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

Accepted Answer

A)  keeps the action potential from spreading actively back down an axon towards the cell body. 
B)  increases the firing rate. 
C)  increases the speed of axonal transmission. 
D)  produces a second, negative action potential. 
E)  produces saltatory conduction. 
A)  keeps the action potential from spreading actively back down an axon towards the cell body. 
B)  increases the firing rate. 
C)  increases the speed of axonal transmission. 
D)  produces a second, negative action potential. 
E)  produces saltatory conduction.

Question 20

Na+ ions are continuously forced into neurons by

Accepted Answer

A)  their high internal concentration. 
B)  their high external concentration. 
C)  the negative resting potential. 
D)  both B and C 
E)  none of the above 
A)  their high internal concentration. 
B)  their high external concentration. 
C)  the negative resting potential. 
D)  both B and C 
E)  none of the above

Which drug was extracted from the belladonna plant and used by the ancient Greeks for cosmetic purposes?

Soluble-gas neurotransmitters

In neurons without axons, conduction occurs entirely in the form of

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

Neurons recycle

Acetylcholine is created by the addition of an acetyl group to

Some morphine-like substances that occur naturally in the brain are

Endorphins and __________ are endogenous opioids.

The brief period of time immediately after the initiation of an action potential when it is absolutely impossible to initiate another one in the same neuron is called the

All __________ neurotransmitters are synthesized from tyrosine.

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

Action potentials originate at the

Parkinson's disease is treated with

Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as __________ conduction.

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Drugs that block the reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse are usually

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

Na+ ions are continuously forced into neurons by

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

Which drug was extracted from the belladonna plant and used by the ancient Greeks for cosmetic purposes?

Soluble-gas neurotransmitters

In neurons without axons, conduction occurs entirely in the form of

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

Neurons recycle

Acetylcholine is created by the addition of an acetyl group to

Some morphine-like substances that occur naturally in the brain are

Endorphins and __________ are endogenous opioids.

The brief period of time immediately after the initiation of an action potential when it is absolutely impossible to initiate another one in the same neuron is called the

All __________ neurotransmitters are synthesized from tyrosine.

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

Action potentials originate at the

Parkinson's disease is treated with

Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as __________ conduction.

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Drugs that block the reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse are usually

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

Na+ ions are continuously forced into neurons by

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters