Question 1

An information affidavit is

Accepted Answer

A) a certification by a public prosecutor that there is evidence to justify bringing named individuals to trial. 
B) a formal written statement from a grand jury charging an individual with an offense; also called a true bill. 
C) an arrangement whereby the judge assigns a member of the bar to provide counsel to a particular defendant. 
D) to serve the public good; a term used to describe work that lawyers (or other professionals) do for which they receive no fees. 
E) an arrangement whereby public officials are hired to provide legal assistance to people accused of crimes who are unable to hire their own attorneys. 
A) a certification by a public prosecutor that there is evidence to justify bringing named individuals to trial. 
B) a formal written statement from a grand jury charging an individual with an offense; also called a true bill. 
C) an arrangement whereby the judge assigns a member of the bar to provide counsel to a particular defendant. 
D) to serve the public good; a term used to describe work that lawyers (or other professionals) do for which they receive no fees. 
E) an arrangement whereby public officials are hired to provide legal assistance to people accused of crimes who are unable to hire their own attorneys. A

Question 2

More than eighty-five percent of all state and local judges are selected by means of

Accepted Answer

A) popular election. 
B) legislative election. 
C) gubernatorial appointment. 
D) a merit plan. 
E) the Missouri plan. 
A) popular election. 
B) legislative election. 
C) gubernatorial appointment. 
D) a merit plan. 
E) the Missouri plan. A

Question 3

The victims' rights movement originated chiefly from

Accepted Answer

A) urban activists. 
B) feminists. 
C) gay-rights activists. 
D) the Civil Rights movement. 
E) None of the above 
A) urban activists. 
B) feminists. 
C) gay-rights activists. 
D) the Civil Rights movement. 
E) None of the above B

Question 4

The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution is called

Accepted Answer

A) writ of habeas corpus. 
B) new judicial federalism. 
C) misdemeanor. 
D) original jurisdiction. 
E) felony. 
A) writ of habeas corpus. 
B) new judicial federalism. 
C) misdemeanor. 
D) original jurisdiction. 
E) felony.

Question 5

A formal written statement from a grand jury charging an individual with an offense, also called a true bill ,is called

Accepted Answer

A) an information affidavit. 
B) an indictment. 
C) the assigned counsel system. 
D) pro bono. 
E) the public defender system. 
A) an information affidavit. 
B) an indictment. 
C) the assigned counsel system. 
D) pro bono. 
E) the public defender system.

Question 6

Of the various types of courts, which courts not only apply the law but participate in shaping law and public policy?

Accepted Answer

A) Appellate courts 
B) District courts 
C) Superior courts 
D) Probate courts 
E) Common pleas courts 
A) Appellate courts 
B) District courts 
C) Superior courts 
D) Probate courts 
E) Common pleas courts

Question 7

An opinion unrelated to a particular case that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue is called

Accepted Answer

A) a judicial review. 
B) an advisory opinion. 
C) the Missouri Plan. 
D) alternative dispute resolution. 
E) a recidivist. 
A) a judicial review. 
B) an advisory opinion. 
C) the Missouri Plan. 
D) alternative dispute resolution. 
E) a recidivist.

Question 8

With respect to advisory opinions, state judges are

Accepted Answer

A) giving the court's view about a constitutional or legal issue. 
B) more constrained than federal judges. 
C) expected to offer them whenever a new law passes. 
D) prohibited by state law in all fifty states. 
E) offering political, rather than professional, opinions. 
A) giving the court's view about a constitutional or legal issue. 
B) more constrained than federal judges. 
C) expected to offer them whenever a new law passes. 
D) prohibited by state law in all fifty states. 
E) offering political, rather than professional, opinions.

Question 9

The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution is called new judicial federalism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In most states, misdemeanors are handled by justices of the peace.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

It is difficult to generalize about state courts because state court structures change every year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Judicial elections have gained more attention recently because interest groups focus attention on judges whose decisions they find objectionable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In California, at what age do offenders move from juvenile court jurisdiction into the regular court system?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 16 
C) 17 
D) 18 
E) 21 
A) 15 
B) 16 
C) 17 
D) 18 
E) 21

Question 14

How many states have amended their constitutions to provide for a "victims' bill of rights"?

Accepted Answer

A) 19 
B) 25 
C) 35 
D) 38 
E) 50 
A) 19 
B) 25 
C) 35 
D) 38 
E) 50

Question 15

Which of the following states has attempted to provide more neutral information to voters in judicial elections by using an evaluation committee?

Accepted Answer

A) Alaska 
B) Utah 
C) Colorado 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above 
A) Alaska 
B) Utah 
C) Colorado 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above

Question 16

Current ways of selecting state judges include election by the State Bar Association.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Most political leaders and many scholars continue to believe that through proper diagnoses and treatment, prisoners can be cured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is a misdemeanor?

Accepted Answer

A) A court order requiring explanation to a judge why a prisoner is being held 
B) The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution 
C) A minor crime; the penalty is a fine or imprisonment for a short time, usually less than a year, in a local jail 
D) The authority of a court to hear a case "in the first instance" 
E) A serious crime, the penalty for which can range from imprisonment in a penitentiary for more than a year to death 
A) A court order requiring explanation to a judge why a prisoner is being held 
B) The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution 
C) A minor crime; the penalty is a fine or imprisonment for a short time, usually less than a year, in a local jail 
D) The authority of a court to hear a case "in the first instance" 
E) A serious crime, the penalty for which can range from imprisonment in a penitentiary for more than a year to death

Question 19

More people are in prison in the U.S.than in any other country in the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In how many states can the state supreme court give advisory opinions (unrelated to a particular case, that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue) at the request of the legislature or governor?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11 
A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11

Exam 26: Judges and Justice in the States

An information affidavit is

More than eighty-five percent of all state and local judges are selected by means of

The victims' rights movement originated chiefly from

The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution is called

A formal written statement from a grand jury charging an individual with an offense, also called a true bill ,is called

Of the various types of courts, which courts not only apply the law but participate in shaping law and public policy?

An opinion unrelated to a particular case that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue is called

With respect to advisory opinions, state judges are

The practice of some state courts using the bill of rights in their state constitutions to provide more protection for some rights than is provided by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Bill of Rights in the U.S.Constitution is called new judicial federalism.

In most states, misdemeanors are handled by justices of the peace.

It is difficult to generalize about state courts because state court structures change every year.

Judicial elections have gained more attention recently because interest groups focus attention on judges whose decisions they find objectionable.

In California, at what age do offenders move from juvenile court jurisdiction into the regular court system?

How many states have amended their constitutions to provide for a "victims' bill of rights"?

Which of the following states has attempted to provide more neutral information to voters in judicial elections by using an evaluation committee?

Current ways of selecting state judges include election by the State Bar Association.

Most political leaders and many scholars continue to believe that through proper diagnoses and treatment, prisoners can be cured.

What is a misdemeanor?

More people are in prison in the U.S.than in any other country in the world.

In how many states can the state supreme court give advisory opinions (unrelated to a particular case, that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue) at the request of the legislature or governor?

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