Question 1

A minor crime, the penalty for which is a fine or imprisonment for a short time, usually less than a year, in a local jail is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) writ of habeas corpus. 
B) new judicial federalism. 
C) misdemeanor. 
D) original jurisdiction. 
E) felony. 
A) writ of habeas corpus. 
B) new judicial federalism. 
C) misdemeanor. 
D) original jurisdiction. 
E) felony.

Question 2

Once a plea bargain between the prosecutor and the defendant's attorney has been accepted, the matter is taken before a judge, who asks the defendant all of the following questions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) are you pleading guilty because you are guilty? 
B) are you aware of the maximum sentence for the crime to which you are entering a guilty plea? 
C) were you coerced into pleading guilty or offered anything in return for it? 
D) are you satisfied with the representation afforded by your attorney? 
E) are you aware of the lack of effective programs in prisons to reduce recidivism? 
A) are you pleading guilty because you are guilty? 
B) are you aware of the maximum sentence for the crime to which you are entering a guilty plea? 
C) were you coerced into pleading guilty or offered anything in return for it? 
D) are you satisfied with the representation afforded by your attorney? 
E) are you aware of the lack of effective programs in prisons to reduce recidivism?

Question 3

In 2008, approximately how many adult Americans were parolees?

Accepted Answer

A) 825,000 
B) 950,000 
C) 1 million 
D) 1.1 million 
E) 1.2 million 
A) 825,000 
B) 950,000 
C) 1 million 
D) 1.1 million 
E) 1.2 million

Question 4

Who of the following gains nothing from a plea bargain?

Accepted Answer

A) The prosecutor 
B) The accused 
C) The defense attorney 
D) The judge 
E) None of the above 
A) The prosecutor 
B) The accused 
C) The defense attorney 
D) The judge 
E) None of the above

Question 5

Most judges who face retention elections are removed by the voters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What percentage of people convicted of a crime are declared guilty as the result of a formal trial before either a judge or a jury?

Accepted Answer

A) 5-10% 
B) 3-7% 
C) 8-12% 
D) 10-14% 
E) None of the above 
A) 5-10% 
B) 3-7% 
C) 8-12% 
D) 10-14% 
E) None of the above

Question 7

The state and federal prison populations in the U.S.declined in the 1960s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Assigning mandatory prison terms is also known as

Accepted Answer

A) intermediate sentencing. 
B) indefinite sentencing. 
C) determinate sentencing. 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above 
A) intermediate sentencing. 
B) indefinite sentencing. 
C) determinate sentencing. 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above

Question 9

A court may to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that, in the opinion of the judge, conflicts with the U.S.Constitution (or, in a state court, the state constitution).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The power of a court to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that, in the opinion of the judges, conflicts with the U.S.Constitution (or, in a state court, the state constitution) is called

Accepted Answer

A) judicial review. 
B) an advisory opinion. 
C) the Missouri Plan. 
D) alternative dispute resolution. 
E) a recidivist. 
A) judicial review. 
B) an advisory opinion. 
C) the Missouri Plan. 
D) alternative dispute resolution. 
E) a recidivist.

Question 11

A recidivist is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) the power of a court to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that in the opinion of the judges conflicts with the U.S.Constitution or, in a state court, the state constitution. 
B) an opinion unrelated to a particular case that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue. 
C) a system for selecting judges that combines features of the appointive and elective methods. 
D) procedures that substitute for formal trials including mediation, arbitration, conciliation, private judging, and advisory settlement conferences. 
E) a repeat offender. 
A) the power of a court to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that in the opinion of the judges conflicts with the U.S.Constitution or, in a state court, the state constitution. 
B) an opinion unrelated to a particular case that gives a court's view about a constitutional or legal issue. 
C) a system for selecting judges that combines features of the appointive and elective methods. 
D) procedures that substitute for formal trials including mediation, arbitration, conciliation, private judging, and advisory settlement conferences. 
E) a repeat offender.

Question 12

What percentage of all state and local judges face elections?

Accepted Answer

A) 65% 
B) 70% 
C) 75% 
D) 80% 
E) 85% 
A) 65% 
B) 70% 
C) 75% 
D) 80% 
E) 85%

Question 13

There are approximately 2,300 chief prosecutors in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What state has the largest number of prisoners in private facilities?

Accepted Answer

A) New Mexico 
B) Texas 
C) New Jersey 
D) Ohio 
E) Vermont 
A) New Mexico 
B) Texas 
C) New Jersey 
D) Ohio 
E) Vermont

Question 15

How many states use merit systems for judicial elections?

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 12 
C) 16 
D) 21 
E) 23 
A) 9 
B) 12 
C) 16 
D) 21 
E) 23

Question 16

A prosecutor may assign an attorney to the defendant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Missouri plan is defined as procedures that substitute for formal trials including mediation, arbitration, conciliation, private judging, and advisory settlement conferences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

An arrangement whereby the judge assigns a member of the bar to provide counsel to a particular defendant is called

Accepted Answer

A) an information affidavit. 
B) an indictment. 
C) the assigned counsel system. 
D) pro bono. 
E) the public defender system. 
A) an information affidavit. 
B) an indictment. 
C) the assigned counsel system. 
D) pro bono. 
E) the public defender system.

Question 19

What type of incarceration facility houses the most prisoners?

Accepted Answer

A) Federal prisons 
B) State prisons 
C) Local jails 
D) Military facilities 
E) Juvenile facilities 
A) Federal prisons 
B) State prisons 
C) Local jails 
D) Military facilities 
E) Juvenile facilities

Question 20

One of the criticisms of the election system for selecting judges is that

Accepted Answer

A) the voters do not know enough about complex legal issues. 
B) the legislature does not care enough about the justice system. 
C) the selection of judges should reflect the politics of the governor. 
D) the judiciary is nonpartisan. 
E) the judiciary is already too independent of the other branches of government. 
A) the voters do not know enough about complex legal issues. 
B) the legislature does not care enough about the justice system. 
C) the selection of judges should reflect the politics of the governor. 
D) the judiciary is nonpartisan. 
E) the judiciary is already too independent of the other branches of government.

Exam 26: Judges and Justice in the States

A minor crime, the penalty for which is a fine or imprisonment for a short time, usually less than a year, in a local jail is called a(n)

Once a plea bargain between the prosecutor and the defendant's attorney has been accepted, the matter is taken before a judge, who asks the defendant all of the following questions EXCEPT

In 2008, approximately how many adult Americans were parolees?

Who of the following gains nothing from a plea bargain?

Most judges who face retention elections are removed by the voters.

What percentage of people convicted of a crime are declared guilty as the result of a formal trial before either a judge or a jury?

The state and federal prison populations in the U.S.declined in the 1960s.

Assigning mandatory prison terms is also known as

A court may to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that, in the opinion of the judge, conflicts with the U.S.Constitution (or, in a state court, the state constitution).

The power of a court to refuse to enforce a law or a government regulation that, in the opinion of the judges, conflicts with the U.S.Constitution (or, in a state court, the state constitution) is called

A recidivist is defined as

What percentage of all state and local judges face elections?

There are approximately 2,300 chief prosecutors in the United States.

What state has the largest number of prisoners in private facilities?

How many states use merit systems for judicial elections?

A prosecutor may assign an attorney to the defendant.

The Missouri plan is defined as procedures that substitute for formal trials including mediation, arbitration, conciliation, private judging, and advisory settlement conferences.

An arrangement whereby the judge assigns a member of the bar to provide counsel to a particular defendant is called

What type of incarceration facility houses the most prisoners?

One of the criticisms of the election system for selecting judges is that

Constitutional Democracy

Constitutional Foundations

American Federalism

Political Culture and Ideology

The US political Landscape

Political Parties

Public Opinion, Participation, and Voting

Campaigns and Elections

The Media and US politics

Congress

The Presidency

The Federal Bureaucracy

The Judiciary

Civil Liberties

Civil Rights

Public Policy

Making Economic Policy

Making Social Policy

Making Foreign Defense Policy

State and Local Politics

State Constitutions

Parties and Elections in the States

State Legislatures

State Governors

Local Governments and Metropolitics

Making State and Local Policy

Staffing and Financing State and Local Governments

Filters