Chat with AIExam 8: Measurement in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry
Explain why if a scale is found to be valid,we can assume that it is reliable.
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotIf a scale is found to be valid, it means that it accurately measures what it is intended to measure. Validity refers to the degree to which a tool or test measures what it claims to measure. There are several types of validity, including content validity, criterion-related validity, and construct validity, each assessing different aspects of the test's effectiveness in capturing the intended construct.
Reliability, on the other hand, refers to the consistency of a measure. A reliable scale will yield the same results under consistent conditions; it is dependable and reproducible. Reliability is often assessed by tests of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability.
The reason we can assume that a valid scale is also reliable is that for a scale to be valid, it must consistently produce accurate results. If a scale were to yield erratic or inconsistent results, it would not be possible to determine whether it is measuring the intended construct accurately. In other words, reliability is a prerequisite for validity. Without reliability, any evidence of validity would be questionable because the inconsistent results could be due to measurement error rather than a true reflection of what is being measured.
For example, if a bathroom scale gives you a different weight every time you step on it, even if you weigh yourself back-to-back within a few minutes, you would not trust its validity in measuring your weight. Only if the scale gives you consistent readings (reliability) can you begin to trust that it's accurately reflecting your weight (validity).
In summary, while a reliable scale is not necessarily valid, a valid scale must inherently be reliable because consistency in measurement is a fundamental component of accuracy. Therefore, when a scale is found to be valid, we can assume it is reliable because it consistently measures the intended construct accurately.
Professor Myth asked respondents whether or not they had ever been divorced.One year later Professor Myth asked respondents the same question.Myth found that with repeated applications of the measure different responses were obtained for the same subject.This means that the measuring instrument was
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VerifiedC
Some child-welfare workers observe children playing with anatomically correct dolls to help them assess whether those children have been sexually abused.If a child simulates sexual acts with the dolls,it is viewed as evidence that the child may be a victim of sexual abuse.What are some sources of systematic and random measurement error in this approach to assessment? How could the reliability and validity of this assessment procedure be gauged?
(30) Answered by Examlex AI CopilotSome sources of systematic measurement error in this approach to assessment could include the bias of the child-welfare worker conducting the observation. If the worker has preconceived notions about what constitutes evidence of sexual abuse, they may interpret the child's behavior with the dolls in a way that confirms their beliefs, leading to a systematic error in the assessment.
Random measurement error could occur if the child's behavior with the dolls is influenced by factors unrelated to sexual abuse, such as their mood on the day of the observation or their familiarity with the dolls themselves.
The reliability of this assessment procedure could be gauged by having multiple child-welfare workers independently observe and assess the same child with the dolls. If their assessments consistently align, it would indicate that the procedure is reliable. Additionally, test-retest reliability could be assessed by having the same worker observe the child with the dolls on multiple occasions and comparing their assessments over time.
The validity of the assessment procedure could be gauged by comparing the results of the doll observation with other measures of sexual abuse, such as interviews with the child or reports from other sources. If the doll observation consistently aligns with these other measures, it would indicate that the procedure is valid. Additionally, predictive validity could be assessed by following up with the child over time to see if those who exhibited certain behaviors with the dolls were more likely to be confirmed as victims of sexual abuse.
If a measure has face validity,we can be quite confident that it really measures what it intends to measure.
(45) When someone who has sexually abused a child consistently denies having done so,it is an example of
(35) Asking a group of experts whether the items on a scale appear to measure what they intend to measure is a way to assess the scale's:
(33) Most social scientists would not accept the conceptualization of IQ as foot size because such a measurement would lack
(27) Describe how qualitative studies attempt to deal with reliability and validity.
(47) An instrument is developed with the intent to measure whether the parenting skills of parents referred for child abuse or neglect improve after participation in a parenting education treatment program.The instrument is found to be valid when untreated parents referred for child abuse or neglect score much worse on it than model parents who are child therapists.Which of the following statements is/are true about the instrument?
(29) If an instrument has both convergent and discriminant validity,it then has:
(34) The use of several different research methods to test the same finding is called triangulation.
(40) Reliability and validity are handled precisely in the same ways in qualitative inquiry as they are in quantitative inquiry.
(33) An interview with someone with a limited vocabulary who therefore does not understand the questions being asked is likely to produce
(40) The tendency to give a favorable impression of oneself reduces the reliability of a measure.
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