Exam 28: Intravenous and Vascular Access Therapy

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravenous therapy.The nurse should report which of the following to the primary care provider?

The nurse is caring for a patient with a continuous intravenous infusion of 0.9% normal saline with 40 mEq of potassium chloride added to each liter.During a routine hourly check of the infusion, the nurse discovers that 4 hours of fluid has infused in the past 1 hour.The nurse's first action should be to:

While assessing the patient's IV site, the nurse notes that the site is reddened and warm.The patient states that it is "sore." The nurse recognizes these as signs of ____________.

Which of the following steps is necessary when a patient is prepared for IV insertion?

The patient has an IV ordered to infuse at 1000 mL over 10 hours.The infusion set has a calibration of 15 gtt/mL.At which rate does the nurse regulate the infusion?

Fluids that have the same osmolality as body fluids are used most often to replace extracellular volume and are known as _______________ fluids.

What should be the next action by the nurse, once an over-the-needle catheter ( ONC ) has been inserted through the skin and into the vein?

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving IV fluids at a rate of 150 mL per hour.During her assessment, the nurse notes that the patient is having more labored respirations, and that crackles have developed in the patient's lungs.The nurse reduces the IV rate and notifies the physician.She does this while recognizing that the patient is experiencing signs of _______________.

Intravenous catheters that are inserted directly through the skin and into the internal or external jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein for up to several weeks are known as _______________.

The nurse caring for a patient receiving IV fluids knows that the current recommendation for changing the tubing on a continuously running IV is:

An electronic device that delivers a measured amount of intravenous fluid over a specified period (e.g., 100 mL/hr) using positive pressure is called an ___________________.

While assessing the patient, the nurse recognizes that special caution should be taken with the IV infusion because of fluid volume excess when the nurse notes the presence of which condition?

A pediatric patient has an IV with a microdrip.The order is for 40 mL/hr to infuse.At what rate does the nurse set the microdrip?

The nurse is caring for a patient who will be on long-term antibiotic therapy.The patient has had numerous IVs in the past, but because the upcoming therapy will be given on a long-term basis, the nurse suggests that a _________________ be inserted.

_________________________ are surgically inserted through a tunnel into subcutaneous tissue, usually between the clavicle and the nipple, into the internal jugular or subclavian vein, with the catheter tip resting in the distal end of the superior vena cava.The subcutaneous tunnel allows the catheter to remain in place for months to years.

What is an appropriate technique for the nurse to implement when changing the dressing at a peripheral IV site?

_________________________ pull fluid into the vascular space by osmosis, resulting in an increased vascular volume that possibly will result in pulmonary edema.

Which patient would a nurse anticipate would be a candidate for a peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC )?

What should the nurse do once she recognizes that the patient has phlebitis at his IV site?

The order is for the patient to receive 500 mL over 4 hours.The nurse has an electronic infusion device ( EID ) in place that provides for the regulation of hourly infusion.The IV tubing available is 10 gtt/mL.What is the setting for the infusion device?