Question 1

Differences in density level between radiographic images of adjacent structures as seen in a completed radiograph define:

Accepted Answer

A)  image attenuation. 
B)  radiographic contrast. 
C)  radiographic density. 
D)  photodisintegration. 
A)  image attenuation. 
B)  radiographic contrast. 
C)  radiographic density. 
D)  photodisintegration. B

Question 2

The probability of occurrence of photoelectric absorption _________ as the energy of the incident photon decreases and the atomic number of the irradiated atoms _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases markedly, decreases 
B)  decreases markedly, increases 
C)  increases markedly, increases 
D)  stays the same, increases 
A)  increases markedly, decreases 
B)  decreases markedly, increases 
C)  increases markedly, increases 
D)  stays the same, increases C

Question 3

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is:

Accepted Answer

A)  0.511 keV. 
B)  1.022 keV. 
C)  0.511 MeV. 
D)  1.022 MeV. 
A)  0.511 keV. 
B)  1.022 keV. 
C)  0.511 MeV. 
D)  1.022 MeV. D

Question 4

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical interaction 
B)  Coherent interaction 
C)  Photoelectric interaction 
D)  Compton interaction 
A)  Classical interaction 
B)  Coherent interaction 
C)  Photoelectric interaction 
D)  Compton interaction

Question 5

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have no mass or electric charge are:

Accepted Answer

A)  ions. 
B)  negatrons. 
C)  positrons. 
D)  x-ray photons. 
A)  ions. 
B)  negatrons. 
C)  positrons. 
D)  x-ray photons.

Question 6

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Characteristic absorption 
B)  Classical gain 
C)  Fluorescent yield 
D)  Modified pair production 
A)  Characteristic absorption 
B)  Classical gain 
C)  Fluorescent yield 
D)  Modified pair production

Question 7

When a vacancy exists in an inner electron shell of an atom (as a result of photoelectric effect,Compton scattering,or bombardment by other electrons),the energy liberated when this vacancy is filled,instead of emerging from the atom as fluorescent radiation,can be transferred to another electron of the atom,thereby ejecting the electron.Such an emitted electron is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  Auger electron. 
B)  Compton electron. 
C)  Edison electron. 
D)  Sievert electron. 
A)  Auger electron. 
B)  Compton electron. 
C)  Edison electron. 
D)  Sievert electron.

Question 8

Which of the following is not another term for coherent scattering?

Accepted Answer

A)  Characteristic 
B)  Classical 
C)  Elastic 
D)  Unmodified 
A)  Characteristic 
B)  Classical 
C)  Elastic 
D)  Unmodified

Question 9

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy:

Accepted Answer

A)  less than the energy that binds the atom together. 
B)  10 times as great as the energy that binds the atom together. 
C)  as large as or larger than the amount of energy that binds the electron in its orbit. 
D)  equal to or greater than 1.022 MeV, regardless of the energy that binds the electron in its orbit. 
A)  less than the energy that binds the atom together. 
B)  10 times as great as the energy that binds the atom together. 
C)  as large as or larger than the amount of energy that binds the electron in its orbit. 
D)  equal to or greater than 1.022 MeV, regardless of the energy that binds the electron in its orbit.

Question 10

Which of the following terms refers to the radiation that occurs when an electron drops down from an outer orbit to fill a vacancy in an inner orbit of the parent atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Characteristic radiation 
B)  Bremsstrahlung 
C)  Photoelectric radiation 
D)  Primary radiation 
A)  Characteristic radiation 
B)  Bremsstrahlung 
C)  Photoelectric radiation 
D)  Primary radiation

Question 11

The symbol Z indicates:

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic number of an atom. 
B)  atomic weight of an atom. 
C)  fluorescent yield. 
D)  the number of vacancies in an atomic shell. 
A)  atomic number of an atom. 
B)  atomic weight of an atom. 
C)  fluorescent yield. 
D)  the number of vacancies in an atomic shell.

Question 12

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical scattering 
B)  Photoelectric absorption 
C)  Modified scattering 
D)  Annihilation reaction 
A)  Classical scattering 
B)  Photoelectric absorption 
C)  Modified scattering 
D)  Annihilation reaction

Question 13

Compton scattering is synonymous with:

Accepted Answer

A)  coherent scattering. 
B)  incoherent scattering. 
C)  photoelectric absorption. 
D)  photodisintegration. 
A)  coherent scattering. 
B)  incoherent scattering. 
C)  photoelectric absorption. 
D)  photodisintegration.

Question 14

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photoelectron and Compton scattered electron 
B)  Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and characteristic photon 
C)  Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and Compton scattered electron 
D)  Photoelectron and characteristic photon 
A)  Photoelectron and Compton scattered electron 
B)  Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and characteristic photon 
C)  Low-energy scattered x-ray photon and Compton scattered electron 
D)  Photoelectron and characteristic photon

Question 15

Coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________ even though some of this scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Accepted Answer

A)  below 10 keV 
B)  between 30 keV and 60 keV 
C)  between 60 keV and 90 keV 
D)  above 100 keV 
A)  below 10 keV 
B)  between 30 keV and 60 keV 
C)  between 60 keV and 90 keV 
D)  above 100 keV

Question 16

Radiographic density is:

Accepted Answer

A)  caused by photodisintegration. 
B)  defined as the degree of overall blackening on a completed radiograph. 
C)  not affected by milliampere-seconds (mAs). 
D)  not relevant in the production of a diagnostic radiograph. 
A)  caused by photodisintegration. 
B)  defined as the degree of overall blackening on a completed radiograph. 
C)  not affected by milliampere-seconds (mAs). 
D)  not relevant in the production of a diagnostic radiograph.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compton scattering 
B)  Bremsstrahlung 
C)  Pair production 
D)  Photoelectric absorption 
A)  Compton scattering 
B)  Bremsstrahlung 
C)  Pair production 
D)  Photoelectric absorption

Question 18

X-rays are carriers of:

Accepted Answer

A)  disease. 
B)  electrons. 
C)  fluorescent properties that make them visible. 
D)  human-made, electromagnetic energy. 
A)  disease. 
B)  electrons. 
C)  fluorescent properties that make them visible. 
D)  human-made, electromagnetic energy.

Question 19

During the process of coherent scattering,the incident x-ray photon interacts with:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single inner shell electron, ejecting it from its orbit. 
B)  a single outer shell electron, ejecting it from its orbit. 
C)  an atom transferring its energy by causing some or all of the electrons of the atom to vibrate momentarily and radiate energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. 
D)  a scattered photon of lesser energy, annihilating it. 
A)  a single inner shell electron, ejecting it from its orbit. 
B)  a single outer shell electron, ejecting it from its orbit. 
C)  an atom transferring its energy by causing some or all of the electrons of the atom to vibrate momentarily and radiate energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. 
D)  a scattered photon of lesser energy, annihilating it.

Question 20

Which of the following particles is considered to be a form of antimatter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electron 
B)  Positron 
C)  X-ray photon 
D)  Scattered x-ray photon 
A)  Electron 
B)  Positron 
C)  X-ray photon 
D)  Scattered x-ray photon

Differences in density level between radiographic images of adjacent structures as seen in a completed radiograph define:

The probability of occurrence of photoelectric absorption _ as the energy of the incident photon decreases and the atomic number of the irradiated atoms _.

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is:

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have no mass or electric charge are:

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Which of the following is not another term for coherent scattering?

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy:

Which of the following terms refers to the radiation that occurs when an electron drops down from an outer orbit to fill a vacancy in an inner orbit of the parent atom?

The symbol Z indicates:

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

Compton scattering is synonymous with:

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

Coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________ even though some of this scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Radiographic density is:

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

X-rays are carriers of:

During the process of coherent scattering,the incident x-ray photon interacts with:

Which of the following particles is considered to be a form of antimatter?

Introduction to Radiation Protection

Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received

Radiation Quantities and Units

Radiation Monitoring

Overview of Cell Biology

Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

Early Deterministic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems

Late Deterministic and Stochastic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems

Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Equipment Design for Radiation Protection

Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection

Filters

Exam 3: Interaction of X-Radiation With Matter

Differences in density level between radiographic images of adjacent structures as seen in a completed radiograph define:

The probability of occurrence of photoelectric absorption _________ as the energy of the incident photon decreases and the atomic number of the irradiated atoms _________.

The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is:

Which of the following results in all-directional scatter?

Particles associated with electromagnetic radiation that have no mass or electric charge are:

What is the term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy during the process of photoelectric absorption?

Which of the following is not another term for coherent scattering?

In photoelectric absorption to dislodge an inner-shell electron from its atomic orbit,the incoming x-ray photon must be able to transfer a quantity of energy:

Which of the following terms refers to the radiation that occurs when an electron drops down from an outer orbit to fill a vacancy in an inner orbit of the parent atom?

The symbol Z indicates:

Which of the following interactions results in the conversion of matter into energy?

Compton scattering is synonymous with:

Which of the following are by-products of photoelectric absorption?

Coherent scattering is most likely to occur ____________ even though some of this scattering occurs throughout the diagnostic range and may result in small amounts of radiographic fog.

Radiographic density is:

Which of the following is not a type of interaction between x-radiation and biologic matter?

X-rays are carriers of:

During the process of coherent scattering,the incident x-ray photon interacts with:

Which of the following particles is considered to be a form of antimatter?

Introduction to Radiation Protection

Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received

Radiation Quantities and Units

Radiation Monitoring

Overview of Cell Biology

Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

Early Deterministic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems

Late Deterministic and Stochastic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems

Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Equipment Design for Radiation Protection

Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures

Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection

Filters

The probability of occurrence of photoelectric absorption _ as the energy of the incident photon decreases and the atomic number of the irradiated atoms _.