Question 1

Describe the bioavailability of calcium.What factors are associated with increased or decreased absorption of calcium?

Accepted Answer

Bioavailability of calcium refers to the

Question 2

The body's supply of vitamin K comes from dietary sources and is also produced in the:

Accepted Answer

A) brain. 
B) mouth. 
C) stomach. 
D) large intestine. 
A) brain. 
B) mouth. 
C) stomach. 
D) large intestine.

Question 3

Fluoride deficiency has been shown to result in:

Accepted Answer

A) osteoporosis. 
B) dental caries. 
C) osteoarthritis. 
D) kyphosis. 
A) osteoporosis. 
B) dental caries. 
C) osteoarthritis. 
D) kyphosis.

Question 4

Which of the following plant sources of calcium has the lowest bioavailability?

Accepted Answer

A) kale 
B) spinach 
C) broccoli 
D) Brussels sprouts 
A) kale 
B) spinach 
C) broccoli 
D) Brussels sprouts

Question 5

Mary is 60 years old and at risk for osteoporosis.Which of the following dietary supplements would be the MOST helpful to minimize bone loss,when combined with calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium 
B) vitamin K 
C) phosphorus 
D) vitamin D 
A) magnesium 
B) vitamin K 
C) phosphorus 
D) vitamin D

Question 6

Fluoride is absorbed directly into the teeth and gums.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Phytates and oxalates can inhibit the absorption of:

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin E. 
B) thiamin. 
C) calcium. 
D) protein. 
A) vitamin E. 
B) thiamin. 
C) calcium. 
D) protein.

Question 8

Selective estrogen receptor modulators have been used to treat osteoporosis.They work by:

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the amount and activity of thyroid hormones. 
B) increasing the levels of phosphorus in the blood. 
C) promoting an estrogen-like effect on bone tissue. 
D) combining estrogen with progestin. 
A) increasing the amount and activity of thyroid hormones. 
B) increasing the levels of phosphorus in the blood. 
C) promoting an estrogen-like effect on bone tissue. 
D) combining estrogen with progestin.

Question 9

This hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland when blood levels of calcium are too high.

Accepted Answer

A) calcitonin 
B) thyroxin 
C) parathyroid hormone 
D) T3 
A) calcitonin 
B) thyroxin 
C) parathyroid hormone 
D) T3

Question 10

A T-score compares a person's assessed bone density to:

Accepted Answer

A) the average peak bone density of a healthy 30-year-old. 
B) the average peak bone density of a healthy 20-year-old. 
C) the average bone density of a person with osteoporosis. 
D) the average bone density of a person at puberty. 
A) the average peak bone density of a healthy 30-year-old. 
B) the average peak bone density of a healthy 20-year-old. 
C) the average bone density of a person with osteoporosis. 
D) the average bone density of a person at puberty.

Question 11

Which of the following foods is high in phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A) eggs 
B) apples 
C) oranges 
D) table salt 
A) eggs 
B) apples 
C) oranges 
D) table salt

Question 12

Most bottled waters do not contain fluoride.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Calcium is an important major mineral.Discuss the functions of calcium.How does the body maintain blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Calcium is an essential major mineral th

Question 14

One microgram of vitamin D is equivalent to how many International Units (IU)?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 IU 
B) 20 IU 
C) 30 IU 
D) 40 IU 
A) 10 IU 
B) 20 IU 
C) 30 IU 
D) 40 IU

Question 15

The most effective exercise programs recommended to treat osteoporosis emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A) stretching. 
B) carbohydrate loading. 
C) recumbent cycling. 
D) weight-bearing activities. 
A) stretching. 
B) carbohydrate loading. 
C) recumbent cycling. 
D) weight-bearing activities.

Question 16

What is bone modeling? Why is it important? What minerals are related to bone modeling?

Accepted Answer

Bone modeling is the process by which bo

Question 17

Phosphorus deficiencies are rare.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When dietary intake of calcium is low,calcium absorption increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is a hormone that is released in response to low blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

A) serotonin 
B) estrogen 
C) parathyroid hormone 
D) insulin 
A) serotonin 
B) estrogen 
C) parathyroid hormone 
D) insulin

Question 20

How can children reduce the risk of fluorosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Limit ingestion of fluoridated toothpaste. 
B) Limit ingestion of fluoridated water. 
C) Limit intake of vitamin D supplements. 
D) Increase amount of phosphorus from dietary sources. 
A) Limit ingestion of fluoridated toothpaste. 
B) Limit ingestion of fluoridated water. 
C) Limit intake of vitamin D supplements. 
D) Increase amount of phosphorus from dietary sources.

Exam 15: Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

Describe the bioavailability of calcium.What factors are associated with increased or decreased absorption of calcium?

The body's supply of vitamin K comes from dietary sources and is also produced in the:

Fluoride deficiency has been shown to result in:

Which of the following plant sources of calcium has the lowest bioavailability?

Mary is 60 years old and at risk for osteoporosis.Which of the following dietary supplements would be the MOST helpful to minimize bone loss,when combined with calcium?

Fluoride is absorbed directly into the teeth and gums.

Phytates and oxalates can inhibit the absorption of:

Selective estrogen receptor modulators have been used to treat osteoporosis.They work by:

This hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland when blood levels of calcium are too high.

A T-score compares a person's assessed bone density to:

Which of the following foods is high in phosphorus?

Most bottled waters do not contain fluoride.

Calcium is an important major mineral.Discuss the functions of calcium.How does the body maintain blood calcium levels?

One microgram of vitamin D is equivalent to how many International Units (IU)?

The most effective exercise programs recommended to treat osteoporosis emphasize:

What is bone modeling? Why is it important? What minerals are related to bone modeling?

Phosphorus deficiencies are rare.

When dietary intake of calcium is low,calcium absorption increases.

Which of the following is a hormone that is released in response to low blood calcium levels?

How can children reduce the risk of fluorosis?

The Science of Nutrition: Linking Food, function, and Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

in Depth: Alcohol

Lipids: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Phytochemicals

Disordered Eating

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Metabolism: From Food to Life

Nutrients Involved in Energy Metabolism

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function and Vision

Nutrients Involved in Blood Health and Immunity

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Consumer Issues: Food Safety, Production, and Impact on the Environment

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: The Later Years

Global Nutrition

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