Question 1

What is the term used to describe a distribution of scores that is not symmetrical and many scores pile up at the low end of the scale?

Accepted Answer

A) normal distribution 
B) negatively skewed distribution 
C) positively skewed distribution 
D) significant distribution 
A) normal distribution 
B) negatively skewed distribution 
C) positively skewed distribution 
D) significant distribution C

Question 2

What does it mean if the results of a research study are found to have statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

A) The probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low. 
B) The probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very high. 
C) The results of the research study do not have practical applications. 
D) The results of the research study have practical applications. 
A) The probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low. 
B) The probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very high. 
C) The results of the research study do not have practical applications. 
D) The results of the research study have practical applications. A

Question 3

How is the median determined?

Accepted Answer

A) Add up all the scores and divide by the number of scores. 
B) Arrange the scores in increasing order and find the middle score. 
C) Divide the middle score by the number of scores. 
D) Find the most frequently occurring score. 
A) Add up all the scores and divide by the number of scores. 
B) Arrange the scores in increasing order and find the middle score. 
C) Divide the middle score by the number of scores. 
D) Find the most frequently occurring score. B

Question 4

Which correlation coefficient represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A) -.66 
B) 0.00 
C) +.49 
D) +1.15 
A) -.66 
B) 0.00 
C) +.49 
D) +1.15

Question 5

Many human characteristics are dispersed in the population in a manner that is represented by a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve. What is the name for this type of distribution?

Accepted Answer

A) normal 
B) skewed 
C) significant 
D) common 
A) normal 
B) skewed 
C) significant 
D) common

Question 6

What is a frequency polygon?

Accepted Answer

A) a line figure that presents data from a frequency distribution 
B) a graph that represents a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve 
C) a graph in which paired scores for each subject are plotted as single points 
D) a bar graph that presents data from a frequency distribution 
A) a line figure that presents data from a frequency distribution 
B) a graph that represents a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve 
C) a graph in which paired scores for each subject are plotted as single points 
D) a bar graph that presents data from a frequency distribution

Question 7

When a trait has a normal distribution, which statistic is used to assess where any score falls in the distribution?

Accepted Answer

A) variability 
B) correlation coefficient 
C) mean 
D) standard deviation 
A) variability 
B) correlation coefficient 
C) mean 
D) standard deviation

Question 8

Variable X and variable Y have a correlation coefficient of +.70. How much of the variation of variable Y scores can be accounted for by variable X?

Accepted Answer

A) 14 percent 
B) 30 percent 
C) 49 percent 
D) 70 percent 
A) 14 percent 
B) 30 percent 
C) 49 percent 
D) 70 percent

Question 9

When evaluating a research study, what do the statistical techniques used allow the researcher to do?

Accepted Answer

A) accept the research hypothesis 
B) reject the null hypothesis 
C) reject the research hypothesis 
D) accept the null hypothesis 
A) accept the research hypothesis 
B) reject the null hypothesis 
C) reject the research hypothesis 
D) accept the null hypothesis

Question 10

What term is used for statistics for the interpretation of data and drawing conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A) descriptive 
B) correlational 
C) inferential 
D) sophisticated 
A) descriptive 
B) correlational 
C) inferential 
D) sophisticated

Question 11

Which statistic tells you how much variability exists in a distribution of scores?

Accepted Answer

A) standard deviation 
B) central tendency 
C) frequency distribution 
D) correlation coefficient 
A) standard deviation 
B) central tendency 
C) frequency distribution 
D) correlation coefficient

Question 12

When a trait has a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores falls within plus or minus one standard deviation from the mean?

Accepted Answer

A) 34 percent 
B) 40 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 68 percent 
A) 34 percent 
B) 40 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 68 percent

Question 13

Which statistic indicates the percentage of individuals who score at or below a given score?

Accepted Answer

A) percentile 
B) median 
C) standard deviation 
D) frequency 
A) percentile 
B) median 
C) standard deviation 
D) frequency

Question 14

What is the term for a table that uses an organized arrangement to indicate how often each score or group of scores occurs in a set of data?

Accepted Answer

A) histogram 
B) frequency distribution 
C) frequency polygon 
D) boxplot 
A) histogram 
B) frequency distribution 
C) frequency polygon 
D) boxplot

Question 15

The relationship between variable X and variable Y is such that high scores on variable X are generally associated with low scores on variable Y and low scores on variable X are generally associated with high scores on variable Y. What would be found if the correlation coefficient is calculated?

Accepted Answer

A) a positive correlation 
B) a negative correlation 
C) a weak correlation 
D) a strong correlation 
A) a positive correlation 
B) a negative correlation 
C) a weak correlation 
D) a strong correlation

Question 16

What is a histogram?

Accepted Answer

A) a graph in which paired scores for each subject are plotted as single points 
B) a bar graph that presents data from a frequency distribution 
C) a line figure that presents data from a frequency distribution 
D) a graph that represents a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve 
A) a graph in which paired scores for each subject are plotted as single points 
B) a bar graph that presents data from a frequency distribution 
C) a line figure that presents data from a frequency distribution 
D) a graph that represents a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve

Question 17

The minimum requirement for statistical significance is that the probability of the obtained results occurring by chance is less than a certain proportion. What is that proportion?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 chance in 10 
B) 2 chances in 10 
C) 1 chance in 100 
D) 5 chances in 100 
A) 1 chance in 10 
B) 2 chances in 10 
C) 1 chance in 100 
D) 5 chances in 100

Question 18

What is a correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A) a numerical index of the degree of relationship that exists between two variables 
B) a numerical index of the amount of variability in a set of data 
C) an orderly arrangement of data indicating the frequency of each score 
D) a numerical index that indicates the percentage of individuals who score at or below a specific score 
A) a numerical index of the degree of relationship that exists between two variables 
B) a numerical index of the amount of variability in a set of data 
C) an orderly arrangement of data indicating the frequency of each score 
D) a numerical index that indicates the percentage of individuals who score at or below a specific score

Question 19

If you add all the scores in a group of scores together and divide by the number of scores, what is the result?

Accepted Answer

A) mode 
B) variance 
C) median 
D) mean 
A) mode 
B) variance 
C) median 
D) mean

Question 20

Dr. Patel has two sections of the same course and gives an exam. Both classes have the same mean score on the exam. However, in Class A most students scored relatively close to the mean, while in Class B many students scored either much higher or much lower than the mean. Which statement best describes the distribution of grades for the two classes?

Accepted Answer

A) Not enough information is provided to draw any conclusion regarding the standard deviation. 
B) The standard deviation will be smaller for Class A than for Class B. 
C) The standard deviation will be the same for the two classes. 
D) The standard deviation will be larger for Class A than for Class B. 
A) Not enough information is provided to draw any conclusion regarding the standard deviation. 
B) The standard deviation will be smaller for Class A than for Class B. 
C) The standard deviation will be the same for the two classes. 
D) The standard deviation will be larger for Class A than for Class B.

Exam 17: Appendix B: Statistical Methods

What is the term used to describe a distribution of scores that is not symmetrical and many scores pile up at the low end of the scale?

What does it mean if the results of a research study are found to have statistical significance?

How is the median determined?

Which correlation coefficient represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Many human characteristics are dispersed in the population in a manner that is represented by a symmetrical or bell-shaped curve. What is the name for this type of distribution?

What is a frequency polygon?

When a trait has a normal distribution, which statistic is used to assess where any score falls in the distribution?

Variable X and variable Y have a correlation coefficient of +.70. How much of the variation of variable Y scores can be accounted for by variable X?

When evaluating a research study, what do the statistical techniques used allow the researcher to do?

What term is used for statistics for the interpretation of data and drawing conclusions?

Which statistic tells you how much variability exists in a distribution of scores?

When a trait has a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores falls within plus or minus one standard deviation from the mean?

Which statistic indicates the percentage of individuals who score at or below a given score?

What is the term for a table that uses an organized arrangement to indicate how often each score or group of scores occurs in a set of data?

The relationship between variable X and variable Y is such that high scores on variable X are generally associated with low scores on variable Y and low scores on variable X are generally associated with high scores on variable Y. What would be found if the correlation coefficient is calculated?

What is a histogram?

The minimum requirement for statistical significance is that the probability of the obtained results occurring by chance is less than a certain proportion. What is that proportion?

What is a correlation coefficient?

If you add all the scores in a group of scores together and divide by the number of scores, what is the result?

A: The Evolution of Psychology

B: The Evolution of Psychology

A: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

B: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

A:The Biological Bases of Behaviour

B: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

A: Variations in Consciousness

B: Variations in Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

A: Human Memory

B: Human Memory

A: Language and Thought

B: Language and Thought

A: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

B: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

B: Human Development Across the Life Span

A: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

B: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

A: Stress, Coping, and Health

B: Stress, Coping, and Health

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

A: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

B: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

A: Social Behaviour

B: Social Behaviour

Appendix C: Industrialorganizational Psychology

Appendix D: Evaluating the Quality of Web-Based Resources

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