Exam 6: Errors, Error Detection, and Error Control

Installing proper shielding on cables prevents ____.

Echo error rarely occurs at junctions where wires are connected.

Once an error in the received data transmission stream is detected, the action that the receiver takes is called ____________________.

____ is the result of small timing irregularities that become magnified during the transmission of digital signals as the signals are passed from one device to another.

When a digital signal is being transmitted, the rises and falls of the signal can start to shift, or become blurry, and thus produce ____________________.

A(n) ____________________ is essentially a filter that allows the signal to pass in one direction only.

The CRC error-detection method treats the packet of data to be transmitted as a large polynomial.

Typically, impulse noise is a(n) ____ burst of energy.

With ____ parity, the 0 or 1 added to the string produces an even number of binary 1s.

Causes of jitter can include electromagnetic interference, ____, passing the signal through too many repeaters, and the use of lower-quality equipment.

When a parity bit is assigned to ASCII, the Hamming distance becomes 4.

Error detection can be performed in several places within a communications model. One of the most common places is the TCP/IP ____ layer.

The CRC method catches almost 100% of errors.

An unfortunate side effect of noise during a transmission is that the transmitting station has to slow down its transmission rate.

In a sliding-winow error control system, a receiver may acknowledge multiple packets with a single ACK.

An arithmetic checksum _______ the individual characters to be transmitted.

Installing special filters for analog signals and digital signal regeneration for digital signals helps in preventing white noise.

If impulse noise interferes with a digital signal, often the original digital signal cannot be recognized and recovered.

A(n) ____________________ code is a specially designed code in which special check bits have been added to data bits such that, if an error occurs during transmission, the receiver may be able to correct the error using the included check and data bits.

How does simple parity work?