Question 1

Asking people to recall the earliest memory they can shows that:

Accepted Answer

A) self-report is completely unreliable. 
B) people will report memories of events that they could not possibly remember. 
C) adults will report events from around the age of three. 
D) adults can remember events prior to those that they actually report when prompted with cues provided by parents or older siblings. 
A) self-report is completely unreliable. 
B) people will report memories of events that they could not possibly remember. 
C) adults will report events from around the age of three. 
D) adults can remember events prior to those that they actually report when prompted with cues provided by parents or older siblings. C

Question 2

The socio-cultural explanation of the reminiscence bump states that:

Accepted Answer

A) neurological changes in the brain account for different cultural perspectives on the bump. 
B) most cultures place great emphasis on the events that take place during the time period of age 16-25. 
C) language is most fluent during the time period of age 16-25. 
D) there should be no reminiscence bumps in non-literate cultures. 
A) neurological changes in the brain account for different cultural perspectives on the bump. 
B) most cultures place great emphasis on the events that take place during the time period of age 16-25. 
C) language is most fluent during the time period of age 16-25. 
D) there should be no reminiscence bumps in non-literate cultures. B

Question 3

Which is an example of an "extended" event in Conway's theory?

Accepted Answer

A) a combined memory of many trips to the grocery store 
B) the memory of the specific instant when the check-out person at the grocery store dropped a large bag of rice on your toes 
C) the memory of your life when you worked at a ranch in Utah 
D) the memory of the horse-back riding trip you took in the hills of Utah 
A) a combined memory of many trips to the grocery store 
B) the memory of the specific instant when the check-out person at the grocery store dropped a large bag of rice on your toes 
C) the memory of your life when you worked at a ranch in Utah 
D) the memory of the horse-back riding trip you took in the hills of Utah D

Question 4

Kensinger and Schacter (2006) examined memories of baseball fans in New York and Boston for the surprise Game 7 victory of the Boston Red Sox over the New York Yankees in the American League Championship in 2004.They found that despite the difference in emotional valence, there were no differences between Boston fans and New York fans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

One explanation of the reminiscence bump is that:

Accepted Answer

A) anterograde amnesia may occur even in healthy older adults. 
B) language is most fluent during the time period of age 16-25. 
C) cultural differences make an explanation impossible for the reminiscence bump. 
D) the time period of age 16-25 is a time period with many "first experiences." 
A) anterograde amnesia may occur even in healthy older adults. 
B) language is most fluent during the time period of age 16-25. 
C) cultural differences make an explanation impossible for the reminiscence bump. 
D) the time period of age 16-25 is a time period with many "first experiences."

Question 6

Weaver (1993) conducted a study comparing an ordinary memory and a flashbulb memory.Weaver's students wrote down as many details as they could remember from the ordinary interaction with their roommate and their memory of hearing the news of the start of the Gulf War (1991).He found that:

Accepted Answer

A) At the end of the semester, each student could remember both events flawlessly. 
B) By the end of the semester, confidence was higher for the flashbulb memory, but the accuracy was equivalent for both memories. 
C) Five years later, none of the students could be contacted, so the study was discontinued. 
D) The vivid memories of the start of the war were lost once the second Iraq war began 11 years later. 
A) At the end of the semester, each student could remember both events flawlessly. 
B) By the end of the semester, confidence was higher for the flashbulb memory, but the accuracy was equivalent for both memories. 
C) Five years later, none of the students could be contacted, so the study was discontinued. 
D) The vivid memories of the start of the war were lost once the second Iraq war began 11 years later.

Question 7

When adults do remember events from before the age of four, those memories tend to be of big events, usually later rehearsed, such as the birth of a sibling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

One advantage of doing single-subject memory diary studies is that:

Accepted Answer

A) because the subject is also the researcher, long retention (i.e., several years) intervals can be employed. 
B) because the subject is also usually a professor, the diaries are usually quite legible. 
C) single-subject studies are highly generalizable to the general public. 
D) because the subject is focusing on memory, his or her memory may be optimal. 
A) because the subject is also the researcher, long retention (i.e., several years) intervals can be employed. 
B) because the subject is also usually a professor, the diaries are usually quite legible. 
C) single-subject studies are highly generalizable to the general public. 
D) because the subject is focusing on memory, his or her memory may be optimal.

Question 9

In the cue-word technique, an ordinary word is provided to participants and they are asked to provide the first memory-from any point in their life-which the word elicits.In general, when older adults are tested,

Accepted Answer

A) older adults remember few events from the very recent past. 
B) older adults show a reminiscence bump; that is, they recall events from late childhood early adulthood better than events from before or after. 
C) older adults show a reminiscence bump; that is, they show better memory for earliest childhood than do younger adults. 
D) older adults do not show reminiscence effects. 
A) older adults remember few events from the very recent past. 
B) older adults show a reminiscence bump; that is, they recall events from late childhood early adulthood better than events from before or after. 
C) older adults show a reminiscence bump; that is, they show better memory for earliest childhood than do younger adults. 
D) older adults do not show reminiscence effects.

Question 10

Explain correspondence in memory of events.

Accepted Answer

The match between th

Question 11

Neuroimaging studies on autobiographical memory show that:

Accepted Answer

A) areas of the brainstem have a critical role in putting a person into "retrieval mode." 
B) retrieval of autobiographical memory is not measurable in fMRI 
C) only general cues elicit elevated activity in the hippocampus. 
D) both specific and general cues elicit activity in the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus. 
A) areas of the brainstem have a critical role in putting a person into "retrieval mode." 
B) retrieval of autobiographical memory is not measurable in fMRI 
C) only general cues elicit elevated activity in the hippocampus. 
D) both specific and general cues elicit activity in the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus.

Question 12

Which of the following is a methodological difficulty in studying involuntary memories?

Accepted Answer

A) Involuntary memories seldom occur under natural circumstances. 
B) Involuntary memories are often false memories. 
C) Involuntary memories are often observer memories. 
D) Studying involuntary memory is a bit more difficult because the researchers cannot give direct cues-as that would lead to a voluntary memory. 
A) Involuntary memories seldom occur under natural circumstances. 
B) Involuntary memories are often false memories. 
C) Involuntary memories are often observer memories. 
D) Studying involuntary memory is a bit more difficult because the researchers cannot give direct cues-as that would lead to a voluntary memory.

Question 13

Roxanne cannot recall any details from the first few years of life.This pattern is called:

Accepted Answer

A) olfactory memory. 
B) childhood amnesia. 
C) infantile suppression. 
D) encoding binaurality. 
A) olfactory memory. 
B) childhood amnesia. 
C) infantile suppression. 
D) encoding binaurality.

Question 14

In Conway's theory of autobiographical memory, specific events refer to:

Accepted Answer

A) the specific plans we make for our future selves. 
B) the broad patterns of ups and downs in our lives. 
C) episodic memories. 
D) well-learned scripts of personal events. 
A) the specific plans we make for our future selves. 
B) the broad patterns of ups and downs in our lives. 
C) episodic memories. 
D) well-learned scripts of personal events.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about neuroimaging studies of autobiographical memory are true?

Accepted Answer

A) General cues are more likely to recruit areas in the lateral temporal lobe. 
B) Specific cues resulted in stronger responses in the left hippocampus and the medial prefrontal region than did the general cues. 
C) The right prefrontal cortex is associated with going into "retrieval mode," that is, initiating the memory search. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) General cues are more likely to recruit areas in the lateral temporal lobe. 
B) Specific cues resulted in stronger responses in the left hippocampus and the medial prefrontal region than did the general cues. 
C) The right prefrontal cortex is associated with going into "retrieval mode," that is, initiating the memory search. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 16

Cross-cultural studies show that people most affected by a public tragedy tend to repress that event.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Explain Conway's theory of autobiographical memory.

Accepted Answer

General events refer

Question 18

Akiko, a 55-year-old, is given a cue word and asked to come up with the first memory she can come up with.Akiko is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A) come up with a memory from early childhood. 
B) demonstrate anterograde amnesia. 
C) either recall a recent event or one from early childhood. 
D) either recall a recent event or one from her late teens. 
A) come up with a memory from early childhood. 
B) demonstrate anterograde amnesia. 
C) either recall a recent event or one from early childhood. 
D) either recall a recent event or one from her late teens.

Question 19

Daselaar et al. (2008) used a standard ______ technique, that is, participants heard a word and were asked to think of the first autobiographical memory that came to mind.During retrieval, an fMRI machine monitored the participants' brains.The fMRI technique allows the researchers to obtain a detailed map of where activity in the brain is taking place.It showed that there was activity in the medial temporal lobe, the hippocampus, and right prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Daselaar et al. (2008) used a standard...

Question 20

Cross-cultural studies show that:

Accepted Answer

A) people most affected by a public tragedy tend to repress that event. 
B) people most affected by a public tragedy are most likely to have flashbulb memories for that event. 
C) people least affected by a public tragedy often have low confidence in their flashbulb memories. 
D) only some cultures show flashbulb memories at all; it appears to be unique to western civilization. 
A) people most affected by a public tragedy tend to repress that event. 
B) people most affected by a public tragedy are most likely to have flashbulb memories for that event. 
C) people least affected by a public tragedy often have low confidence in their flashbulb memories. 
D) only some cultures show flashbulb memories at all; it appears to be unique to western civilization.

Asking people to recall the earliest memory they can shows that:

The socio-cultural explanation of the reminiscence bump states that:

Which is an example of an "extended" event in Conway's theory?

One explanation of the reminiscence bump is that:

Weaver (1993) conducted a study comparing an ordinary memory and a flashbulb memory.Weaver's students wrote down as many details as they could remember from the ordinary interaction with their roommate and their memory of hearing the news of the start of the Gulf War (1991).He found that:

When adults do remember events from before the age of four, those memories tend to be of big events, usually later rehearsed, such as the birth of a sibling.

One advantage of doing single-subject memory diary studies is that:

In the cue-word technique, an ordinary word is provided to participants and they are asked to provide the first memory-from any point in their life-which the word elicits.In general, when older adults are tested,

Explain correspondence in memory of events.

Neuroimaging studies on autobiographical memory show that:

Which of the following is a methodological difficulty in studying involuntary memories?

Roxanne cannot recall any details from the first few years of life.This pattern is called:

In Conway's theory of autobiographical memory, specific events refer to:

Which of the following statements about neuroimaging studies of autobiographical memory are true?

Cross-cultural studies show that people most affected by a public tragedy tend to repress that event.

Explain Conway's theory of autobiographical memory.

Akiko, a 55-year-old, is given a cue word and asked to come up with the first memory she can come up with.Akiko is likely to:

Cross-cultural studies show that:

Introduction to the Study of Memory

Memory and the Brain

Working Memory

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Visual Memory

False Memory

Metamemory

Memory Disorders

Memory in Childhood

Memory in Older Adults

Memory Improvement and Learning Efficiency

Filters

Exam 7: Autobiographical Memory

Asking people to recall the earliest memory they can shows that:

The socio-cultural explanation of the reminiscence bump states that:

Which is an example of an "extended" event in Conway's theory?

One explanation of the reminiscence bump is that:

Weaver (1993) conducted a study comparing an ordinary memory and a flashbulb memory.Weaver's students wrote down as many details as they could remember from the ordinary interaction with their roommate and their memory of hearing the news of the start of the Gulf War (1991).He found that:

When adults do remember events from before the age of four, those memories tend to be of big events, usually later rehearsed, such as the birth of a sibling.

One advantage of doing single-subject memory diary studies is that:

In the cue-word technique, an ordinary word is provided to participants and they are asked to provide the first memory-from any point in their life-which the word elicits.In general, when older adults are tested,

Explain correspondence in memory of events.

Neuroimaging studies on autobiographical memory show that:

Which of the following is a methodological difficulty in studying involuntary memories?

Roxanne cannot recall any details from the first few years of life.This pattern is called:

In Conway's theory of autobiographical memory, specific events refer to:

Which of the following statements about neuroimaging studies of autobiographical memory are true?

Cross-cultural studies show that people most affected by a public tragedy tend to repress that event.

Explain Conway's theory of autobiographical memory.

Akiko, a 55-year-old, is given a cue word and asked to come up with the first memory she can come up with.Akiko is likely to:

Cross-cultural studies show that:

Introduction to the Study of Memory

Memory and the Brain

Working Memory

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Visual Memory

False Memory

Metamemory

Memory Disorders

Memory in Childhood

Memory in Older Adults

Memory Improvement and Learning Efficiency

Filters