Exam 8: Cryptography

A brute force function is a mathematical algorithm that generates a message summary or digest (sometimes called a fingerprint) to confirm message identity and integrity.

Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions builds on the encoding format of the MIME protocol and uses digital signatures based on public-key cryptosystems to secure e-mail. _________________________

Standard HTTP (S-HTTP) is an extended version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that provides for the encryption of individual messages transmitted via the Internet between a client and server.

Symmetric encryption uses two different but related keys, and either key can be used to encrypt or decrypt the message. _________________________

A multipart authentication code (MAC) is a key-dependent, one-way hash function that allows only specific recipients (symmetric key holders) to access the message digest. _________________________

In 1953, Giovan Batista Bellaso introduced the idea of the passphrase (password) as a key for encryption.

The ____________________ cipher simply rearranges the values within a block to create the ciphertext.

The number of horizontal and vertical pixels captured and recorded is known as the image's contrast. _________________________

The application header (AH) protocol provides secrecy for the contents of network communications as well as system-to-system authentication and data integrity verification. _________________________