Question 1

The structure that lies between the trachea and bronchi is:

Accepted Answer

A)  larynx. 
B)  carina. 
C)  bronchioles. 
D)  cricoid cartilage. 
A)  larynx. 
B)  carina. 
C)  bronchioles. 
D)  cricoid cartilage.

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding airway management in the trauma patient is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The jaw-thrust is useful in the trauma patient, but only if he or she is complaining of head or neck pain. 
B)  Research has shown that the jaw-thrust is easier to perform and is therefore indicated for the more critical trauma patient. 
C)  Performing the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver on a patient with a possible spinal injury could further injure or paralyze the patient. 
D)  Trauma patients should always have their airway opened with the jaw-thrust while medical patients should receive the head-tilt, chin-lift. 
A)  The jaw-thrust is useful in the trauma patient, but only if he or she is complaining of head or neck pain. 
B)  Research has shown that the jaw-thrust is easier to perform and is therefore indicated for the more critical trauma patient. 
C)  Performing the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver on a patient with a possible spinal injury could further injure or paralyze the patient. 
D)  Trauma patients should always have their airway opened with the jaw-thrust while medical patients should receive the head-tilt, chin-lift.

Question 3

When inserting a nasopharyngeal airway, the EMT should remember that the:

Accepted Answer

A)  patient cannot be responsive nor have a gag reflex. 
B)  oil-based lubricant is needed for smooth insertion. 
C)  head-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust is not needed after insertion. 
D)  nasal mucosa may bleed even with proper insertion. 
A)  patient cannot be responsive nor have a gag reflex. 
B)  oil-based lubricant is needed for smooth insertion. 
C)  head-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust is not needed after insertion. 
D)  nasal mucosa may bleed even with proper insertion.

Question 4

A paramedic has asked you to place the patient on a nonrebreather mask at 15 liters per minute. To administer oxygen at this flow rate, you should:

Accepted Answer

A)  attach a high-pressure regulator to the oxygen cylinder. 
B)  adjust the tank pressure to 15 pounds per square inch (psi). 
C)  slowly decrease the tank pressure valve until 15 psi is achieved. 
D)  select 15 on the oxygen therapy regulator. 
A)  attach a high-pressure regulator to the oxygen cylinder. 
B)  adjust the tank pressure to 15 pounds per square inch (psi). 
C)  slowly decrease the tank pressure valve until 15 psi is achieved. 
D)  select 15 on the oxygen therapy regulator.

Question 5

You have opened the airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift and are ready to ventilate an apneic patient with a pocket mask. The first ventilation you attempt is unsuccessful. You should immediately:

Accepted Answer

A)  reposition the head. 
B)  use a jaw-thrust maneuver. 
C)  ventilate over 3 seconds. 
D)  provide five abdominal thrusts. 
A)  reposition the head. 
B)  use a jaw-thrust maneuver. 
C)  ventilate over 3 seconds. 
D)  provide five abdominal thrusts.

Question 6

For which one of the following patients is placement of an oropharyngeal airway indicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Responsive but confused patient with stridorous respirations 
B)  Patient who responds to painful stimuli by moaning and has vomited 
C)  Unresponsive patient who has no gag or cough reflex 
D)  Patient with snoring respirations who coughs as the oral airway is placed into his mouth 
A)  Responsive but confused patient with stridorous respirations 
B)  Patient who responds to painful stimuli by moaning and has vomited 
C)  Unresponsive patient who has no gag or cough reflex 
D)  Patient with snoring respirations who coughs as the oral airway is placed into his mouth

Question 7

An elderly male who is short of breath is on home oxygen. He is wearing a nasal cannula connected to an oxygen tank with the flow regulator set to 3 liters per minute. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should recognize that the patient is getting approximately what percentage of oxygen with each breath?

Accepted Answer

A)  20% 
B)  24% 
C)  32% 
D)  40% 
A)  20% 
B)  24% 
C)  32% 
D)  40%

Question 8

In a healthy patient, for air to be exhaled from the lungs, what must occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  The diaphragm must relax. 
B)  The CO₂ levels must be low. 
C)  The pressure is the lungs must be low. 
D)  The intercostals muscle must contract. 
A)  The diaphragm must relax. 
B)  The CO₂ levels must be low. 
C)  The pressure is the lungs must be low. 
D)  The intercostals muscle must contract.

Question 9

The EMT has just placed an oropharyngeal airway in a patient. By doing so, which one of the following has the EMT accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protected the airway from vomit or other secretions 
B)  Secured the tongue away from the back of the airway 
C)  Obtained a patent airway by preventing closure of the mouth 
D)  Minimized the risk of vomiting by closing off the esophagus 
A)  Protected the airway from vomit or other secretions 
B)  Secured the tongue away from the back of the airway 
C)  Obtained a patent airway by preventing closure of the mouth 
D)  Minimized the risk of vomiting by closing off the esophagus

Question 10

Assessment findings for an alert and oriented patient complaining of shortness of breath reveal an open airway and strong radial pulse, accompanied by skin that is cool and diaphoretic. The depth of respirations is adequate, and breath sounds include wheezing throughout the lungs. Vital signs are a pulse of 124, respiratory rate of 24, blood pressure of 146/82 mmHg, and SpO₂ 93%. The patient has a history of asthma for which he takes medications. How should you administer oxygen to this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonrebreather mask 
B)  Venturi mask 
C)  Nasal cannula 
D)  Bag-valve mask 
A)  Nonrebreather mask 
B)  Venturi mask 
C)  Nasal cannula 
D)  Bag-valve mask

Question 11

Which one of the following patients should the EMT recognize as having an actual or potential occlusion of the upper airway?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-year-old male with a fever and swelling of the larynx 
B)  45-year-old female with spasm of the bronchioles 
C)  61-year-old male with a piece of fruit stuck in his trachea 
D)  78-year-old female with a large mucous plug in her bronchi 
A)  3-year-old male with a fever and swelling of the larynx 
B)  45-year-old female with spasm of the bronchioles 
C)  61-year-old male with a piece of fruit stuck in his trachea 
D)  78-year-old female with a large mucous plug in her bronchi

Question 12

A 21-year-old female has overdosed on an unknown drug. She has snoring respirations and an intact gag reflex. She has weak respiratory effort and is slightly cyanotic. Given these assessment findings, your care should include:

Accepted Answer

A)  placement of an oropharyngeal airway. 
B)  oxygen via nonrebreather face mask. 
C)  insertion of a nasal airway. 
D)  transport in a lateral recumbent (recovery) position. 
A)  placement of an oropharyngeal airway. 
B)  oxygen via nonrebreather face mask. 
C)  insertion of a nasal airway. 
D)  transport in a lateral recumbent (recovery) position.

Question 13

Which one of the following statements about an automatic transport ventilator (ATV) is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can help minimize gastric distention associated with positive pressure ventilation. 
B)  When it is in use, there is no need for a face-to-mask seal. 
C)  It eliminates the need for a head-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver. 
D)  The EMT has greater ease is determining an increase or decrease in lung compliance. 
A)  It can help minimize gastric distention associated with positive pressure ventilation. 
B)  When it is in use, there is no need for a face-to-mask seal. 
C)  It eliminates the need for a head-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver. 
D)  The EMT has greater ease is determining an increase or decrease in lung compliance.

Question 14

Which one of the following best describes oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  A gas classified as a drug 
B)  A highly flammable substance 
C)  An odorless cloudy gas when pressurized 
D)  A moist gas that supports combustion 
A)  A gas classified as a drug 
B)  A highly flammable substance 
C)  An odorless cloudy gas when pressurized 
D)  A moist gas that supports combustion

Question 15

The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia when he observes:

Accepted Answer

A)  restlessness and agitation. 
B)  elevation in blood pressure. 
C)  cyanosis in the fingers. 
D)  complaint of a headache. 
A)  restlessness and agitation. 
B)  elevation in blood pressure. 
C)  cyanosis in the fingers. 
D)  complaint of a headache.

Question 16

A 52-year-old male with a brain tumor has gone into respiratory arrest. You assign the task of artificially ventilating the patient with the bag-valve mask to a new Emergency Medical Responder. How will you instruct him to ventilate the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deliver 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds, with each ventilation lasting 1 second. 
B)  Give the patient 20 breaths per minute, with each breath lasting 1.5 seconds. 
C)  Administer 10 breaths per minute, with each ventilation lasting 2 seconds. 
D)  Give the patient 24 breaths per minute, with special attention to allowing for adequate exhalation. 
A)  Deliver 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds, with each ventilation lasting 1 second. 
B)  Give the patient 20 breaths per minute, with each breath lasting 1.5 seconds. 
C)  Administer 10 breaths per minute, with each ventilation lasting 2 seconds. 
D)  Give the patient 24 breaths per minute, with special attention to allowing for adequate exhalation.

Question 17

You must transport a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning to a specialized facility for treatment. Transport time is estimated at an hour and a half. The patient is on a nonrebreather face mask with a continuous oxygen flow of 15 lpm. On the ambulance, you have a G tank with 1,100 psi inside. Knowing that the cylinder constant is 2.41, what action should the EMT take in relation to the amount of available oxygen and transport time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replace the G cylinder with a full D cylinder. 
B)  Decrease the oxygen flow to 10 lpm for the transport. 
C)  Apply a nasal cannula at 8 lpm for the transport. 
D)  Replace the G cylinder after the transport. 
A)  Replace the G cylinder with a full D cylinder. 
B)  Decrease the oxygen flow to 10 lpm for the transport. 
C)  Apply a nasal cannula at 8 lpm for the transport. 
D)  Replace the G cylinder after the transport.

Question 18

Which one of the following patients should benefit from the head-tilt, chin-lift manual airway maneuver?

Accepted Answer

A)  39-year-old male who just had a seizure and has snoring respirations 
B)  45-year-old female who is alert and vomiting blood 
C)  67-year-old female who fell down a flight of stairs and is unresponsive 
D)  85-year-old female who hit her head on a tree limb and is now responsive to painful stimuli 
A)  39-year-old male who just had a seizure and has snoring respirations 
B)  45-year-old female who is alert and vomiting blood 
C)  67-year-old female who fell down a flight of stairs and is unresponsive 
D)  85-year-old female who hit her head on a tree limb and is now responsive to painful stimuli

Question 19

Hypoxia occurs when which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide accumulates within the body. 
B)  The respiratory rate fall below 12 breaths per minute. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is excreted too rapidly from the lungs 
D)  Inadequate amounts of O₂ are available to the cells. 
A)  Carbon dioxide accumulates within the body. 
B)  The respiratory rate fall below 12 breaths per minute. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is excreted too rapidly from the lungs 
D)  Inadequate amounts of O₂ are available to the cells.

Question 20

When providing oxygen via nonrebreather face mask, which one of the following is essential for the EMT to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen humidifier 
B)  Therapy regulator 
C)  D or E oxygen cylinder 
D)  High-pressure regulator 
A)  Oxygen humidifier 
B)  Therapy regulator 
C)  D or E oxygen cylinder 
D)  High-pressure regulator

Exam 10: Airway Management, Artificial Ventilation, and Oxygenation

The structure that lies between the trachea and bronchi is:

Which of the following statements regarding airway management in the trauma patient is correct?

When inserting a nasopharyngeal airway, the EMT should remember that the:

A paramedic has asked you to place the patient on a nonrebreather mask at 15 liters per minute. To administer oxygen at this flow rate, you should:

You have opened the airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift and are ready to ventilate an apneic patient with a pocket mask. The first ventilation you attempt is unsuccessful. You should immediately:

For which one of the following patients is placement of an oropharyngeal airway indicated?

An elderly male who is short of breath is on home oxygen. He is wearing a nasal cannula connected to an oxygen tank with the flow regulator set to 3 liters per minute. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should recognize that the patient is getting approximately what percentage of oxygen with each breath?

In a healthy patient, for air to be exhaled from the lungs, what must occur?

The EMT has just placed an oropharyngeal airway in a patient. By doing so, which one of the following has the EMT accomplished?

Which one of the following patients should the EMT recognize as having an actual or potential occlusion of the upper airway?

A 21-year-old female has overdosed on an unknown drug. She has snoring respirations and an intact gag reflex. She has weak respiratory effort and is slightly cyanotic. Given these assessment findings, your care should include:

Which one of the following statements about an automatic transport ventilator (ATV) is true?

Which one of the following best describes oxygen?

The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia when he observes:

A 52-year-old male with a brain tumor has gone into respiratory arrest. You assign the task of artificially ventilating the patient with the bag-valve mask to a new Emergency Medical Responder. How will you instruct him to ventilate the patient?

Which one of the following patients should benefit from the head-tilt, chin-lift manual airway maneuver?

Hypoxia occurs when which of the following occurs?

When providing oxygen via nonrebreather face mask, which one of the following is essential for the EMT to have?

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