Question 1

Which of the following is described by the steady,gradual loss of species due to normal evolutionary processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  mass extinction 
B)  impact theory 
C)  background extinction rate 
D)  punctuated equilibrium 
E)  gradualism 
A)  mass extinction 
B)  impact theory 
C)  background extinction rate 
D)  punctuated equilibrium 
E)  gradualism C

Question 2

Which of the following species' extinction was not a result of habitat destruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chinese paddlefish 
B)  Dodo 
C)  Passenger pigeon 
D)  Palestinian painted frog 
E)  Las Vegas dace 
A)  Chinese paddlefish 
B)  Dodo 
C)  Passenger pigeon 
D)  Palestinian painted frog 
E)  Las Vegas dace C

Question 3

New species that arise in the same physical area as its parent species is called sympatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns and those that breed on introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.The inability to breed in the wild is an example of ________ reproductive isolation.

Accepted Answer

A)  postzygotic 
B)  prezygotic 
C)  allopatric 
D)  sympatric 
E)  outgroup 
A)  postzygotic 
B)  prezygotic 
C)  allopatric 
D)  sympatric 
E)  outgroup

Question 5

A biological species is defined as a population whose members can interbreed,although the offspring may be infertile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The type of reproductive isolation in which the offspring matures to adulthood but is unable to produce offspring is

Accepted Answer

A)  gametic isolation. 
B)  mechanical isolation. 
C)  hybrid infertility. 
D)  hybrid inviability. 
E)  temporal isolation. 
A)  gametic isolation. 
B)  mechanical isolation. 
C)  hybrid infertility. 
D)  hybrid inviability. 
E)  temporal isolation.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal isolation 
B)  gametic isolation 
C)  hybrid infertility 
D)  habitat isolation 
E)  mechanical isolation 
A)  temporal isolation 
B)  gametic isolation 
C)  hybrid infertility 
D)  habitat isolation 
E)  mechanical isolation

Question 8

Two species of finches found on the same Galápagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of ________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric 
B)  sympatric 
C)  prezygotic 
D)  postzygotic 
E)  outgroup 
A)  allopatric 
B)  sympatric 
C)  prezygotic 
D)  postzygotic 
E)  outgroup

Question 9

You are studying two species of dung beetles,one of which rolls its dung balls during the day and rests at night.The other rolls its dung balls at night and rests during the day.These species will not breed because of

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation. 
B)  gametic isolation. 
C)  mechanical isolation. 
D)  temporal isolation. 
E)  sexual selection. 
A)  behavioral isolation. 
B)  gametic isolation. 
C)  mechanical isolation. 
D)  temporal isolation. 
E)  sexual selection.

Question 10

Polyploidy

Accepted Answer

A)  is a type of sympatric speciation. 
B)  occurs in 95% of ferns. 
C)  results from an increase in chromosomes. 
D)  occurs naturally in about 50% of all plant species. 
E)  All the answer choices are correct. 
A)  is a type of sympatric speciation. 
B)  occurs in 95% of ferns. 
C)  results from an increase in chromosomes. 
D)  occurs naturally in about 50% of all plant species. 
E)  All the answer choices are correct.

Question 11

The scientific name of humans is Homo sapiens.What is the genus of humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo 
B)  sapiens 
C)  Homo sapiens 
D)  Animalia 
E)  Eukarya 
A)  Homo 
B)  sapiens 
C)  Homo sapiens 
D)  Animalia 
E)  Eukarya

Question 12

The process by which new species originate and can no longer interbreed with others in the group is

Accepted Answer

A)  germination. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  migration. 
D)  speciation. 
E)  immigration. 
A)  germination. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  migration. 
D)  speciation. 
E)  immigration.

Question 13

Phylogenetics is study of

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary relationships among species. 
B)  describing, naming, and classifying species. 
C)  inherited attributes. 
D)  features only found in living species. 
E)  anatomical parts of unrelated species. 
A)  evolutionary relationships among species. 
B)  describing, naming, and classifying species. 
C)  inherited attributes. 
D)  features only found in living species. 
E)  anatomical parts of unrelated species.

Question 14

The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by

Accepted Answer

A)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature and destroying plant life. 
B)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight only. 
C)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature only. 
D)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight and destroying plant life. 
E)  destroying only plant life. 
A)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature and destroying plant life. 
B)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight only. 
C)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature only. 
D)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight and destroying plant life. 
E)  destroying only plant life.

Question 15

Different geographical barriers physically separated the tortoises on the Galápagos Islands.This separation resulted in the evolution of subspecies.This is an example of ________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  prezygotic 
B)  allopatric 
C)  postzygotic 
D)  sympatric 
E)  outgroup 
A)  prezygotic 
B)  allopatric 
C)  postzygotic 
D)  sympatric 
E)  outgroup

Question 16

It is believed that the two main reasons for mass extinctions in Earth's history have been

Accepted Answer

A)  collision between Earth and a large celestial body and human intervention. 
B)  global warming and human intervention. 
C)  human intervention and shifting of Earth's continents. 
D)  global warming and shifting of Earth's continents. 
E)  collision between Earth and a large celestial body and shifting of Earth's continents. 
A)  collision between Earth and a large celestial body and human intervention. 
B)  global warming and human intervention. 
C)  human intervention and shifting of Earth's continents. 
D)  global warming and shifting of Earth's continents. 
E)  collision between Earth and a large celestial body and shifting of Earth's continents.

Question 17

The process by which species cease to exist is

Accepted Answer

A)  isolation. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  migration. 
E)  differentiation. 
A)  isolation. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  migration. 
E)  differentiation.

Question 18

Closely related plant species,found in the same geographical location,  can attract different pollinators.This type of reproductive isolation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  hybrid inviability. 
D)  hybrid infertility. 
E)  hybrid breakdown. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  hybrid inviability. 
D)  hybrid infertility. 
E)  hybrid breakdown.

Question 19

Biologists divide mechanisms of reproductive isolation into

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual and geographic. 
B)  prezygotic and sexual. 
C)  postzygotic and geographic. 
D)  sexual and postzygotic. 
E)  prezygotic and postzygotic. 
A)  sexual and geographic. 
B)  prezygotic and sexual. 
C)  postzygotic and geographic. 
D)  sexual and postzygotic. 
E)  prezygotic and postzygotic.

Question 20

Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric theory. 
B)  ecological isolation theory. 
C)  gradualism theory. 
D)  impact theory. 
E)  punctuated equilibrium theory. 
A)  allopatric theory. 
B)  ecological isolation theory. 
C)  gradualism theory. 
D)  impact theory. 
E)  punctuated equilibrium theory.

Exam 14: Speciation and Extinction

Which of the following is described by the steady,gradual loss of species due to normal evolutionary processes?

Which of the following species' extinction was not a result of habitat destruction?

New species that arise in the same physical area as its parent species is called sympatric speciation.

Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns and those that breed on introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.The inability to breed in the wild is an example of ________ reproductive isolation.

A biological species is defined as a population whose members can interbreed,although the offspring may be infertile.

The type of reproductive isolation in which the offspring matures to adulthood but is unable to produce offspring is

Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Two species of finches found on the same Galápagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of ________ speciation.

You are studying two species of dung beetles,one of which rolls its dung balls during the day and rests at night.The other rolls its dung balls at night and rests during the day.These species will not breed because of

Polyploidy

The scientific name of humans is Homo sapiens.What is the genus of humans?

The process by which new species originate and can no longer interbreed with others in the group is

Phylogenetics is study of

The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by

Different geographical barriers physically separated the tortoises on the Galápagos Islands.This separation resulted in the evolution of subspecies.This is an example of ________ speciation.

It is believed that the two main reasons for mass extinctions in Earth's history have been

The process by which species cease to exist is

Closely related plant species,found in the same geographical location, can attract different pollinators.This type of reproductive isolation is an example of

Biologists divide mechanisms of reproductive isolation into

Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the

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