Question 1

A species that is so important to its community that its removal can dismantle a food web is termed a

Accepted Answer

A)  capstone species. 
B)  flagstone species. 
C)  cobblestone species. 
D)  cornerstone species. 
E)  keystone species. 
A)  capstone species. 
B)  flagstone species. 
C)  cobblestone species. 
D)  cornerstone species. 
E)  keystone species.

Question 2

If a species makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet exerts a disproportionate influence on community diversity,it is recognized as a ________ species.

Accepted Answer

A)  keystone 
B)  cornerstone 
C)  capstone 
D)  flagstone 
E)  No answer is correct. 
A)  keystone 
B)  cornerstone 
C)  capstone 
D)  flagstone 
E)  No answer is correct.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a major terrestrial biome of Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperate grasslands 
B)  the tundra 
C)  the taiga 
D)  the Antarctic 
E)  the tropical rain forest 
A)  the temperate grasslands 
B)  the tundra 
C)  the taiga 
D)  the Antarctic 
E)  the tropical rain forest

Question 4

Carbon returns to the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)  as carbon dioxide. 
B)  from respiration of plants. 
C)  by the burning of fossil fuels. 
D)  from respiration of animals. 
E)  All answers are correct. 
A)  as carbon dioxide. 
B)  from respiration of plants. 
C)  by the burning of fossil fuels. 
D)  from respiration of animals. 
E)  All answers are correct.

Question 5

Examples of terrestrial biomes are grasslands,forests,lakes,and deserts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If you gave N₂ to a culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria,you would expect to detect

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrates. 
B)  ammonium ions. 
C)  nitrites. 
D)  carbon dioxide. 
E)  methane. 
A)  nitrates. 
B)  ammonium ions. 
C)  nitrites. 
D)  carbon dioxide. 
E)  methane.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic component or condition of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  archaea 
C)  rock 
D)  salinity 
E)  temperature 
A)  water 
B)  archaea 
C)  rock 
D)  salinity 
E)  temperature

Question 8

Which of the following eats free-floating photosynthetic organisms found in lakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  phytoplankton 
B)  green algae 
C)  zooplankton 
D)  cyanobacteria 
E)  diatom 
A)  phytoplankton 
B)  green algae 
C)  zooplankton 
D)  cyanobacteria 
E)  diatom

Question 9

Mycorrhizal fungi contribute to nutrient cycles by aiding in the absorption of minerals,which they share with plants in return for carbohydrates.This shows that nutrient cycling can be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  parasitism. 
C)  mutualism. 
D)  predation. 
E)  herbivory. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  parasitism. 
C)  mutualism. 
D)  predation. 
E)  herbivory.

Question 10

"Net primary productivity" is the amount of energy

Accepted Answer

A)  used in metabolism by producers. 
B)  given off as heat by producers. 
C)  trapped by the autotrophs of an ecosystem. 
D)  available for consumers. 
E)  used in metabolism by consumers. 
A)  used in metabolism by producers. 
B)  given off as heat by producers. 
C)  trapped by the autotrophs of an ecosystem. 
D)  available for consumers. 
E)  used in metabolism by consumers.

Question 11

Some scientists predict that as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase,the pH of the oceans will drop,threatening coral and organisms with shells.What is the best explanation for this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide combines with water to form a base. 
B)  Carbon dioxide combines with water to form an acid. 
C)  As the pH of the ocean decreases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. 
D)  As the pH of the ocean increases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. 
E)  As the oceans warm, more water is evaporated, lowering the pH of the remaining water. 
A)  Carbon dioxide combines with water to form a base. 
B)  Carbon dioxide combines with water to form an acid. 
C)  As the pH of the ocean decreases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. 
D)  As the pH of the ocean increases, more carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. 
E)  As the oceans warm, more water is evaporated, lowering the pH of the remaining water.

Question 12

A gradual change in a community's species composition,occurring as competing organisms respond to and modify the physical environment,is referred to as ecological

Accepted Answer

A)  completion. 
B)  conversion. 
C)  climax. 
D)  magnification. 
E)  succession. 
A)  completion. 
B)  conversion. 
C)  climax. 
D)  magnification. 
E)  succession.

Question 13

Which ecosystem would have the highest net primary production?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert 
B)  tropical rain forest 
C)  temperate forest 
D)  boreal forest 
E)  tundra 
A)  desert 
B)  tropical rain forest 
C)  temperate forest 
D)  boreal forest 
E)  tundra

Question 14

If you went diving in a freshwater lake,you would see very few rooted aquatic plants after a certain depth.What limits plant growth in deeper water?

Accepted Answer

A)  cold temperatures 
B)  a lack of nutrients 
C)  a lack of light 
D)  too many herbivores 
E)  a lack of oxygen 
A)  cold temperatures 
B)  a lack of nutrients 
C)  a lack of light 
D)  too many herbivores 
E)  a lack of oxygen

Question 15

Biomagnification occurs with chemicals that

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolve in only acidic solvents. 
B)  dissolve in water. 
C)  are not readily degraded and dissolve in fat. 
D)  are not readily degraded and dissolve in water. 
E)  dissolve in only basic solvents. 
A)  dissolve in only acidic solvents. 
B)  dissolve in water. 
C)  are not readily degraded and dissolve in fat. 
D)  are not readily degraded and dissolve in water. 
E)  dissolve in only basic solvents.

Question 16

What types of plants would you expect to find in an alpine tundra?

Accepted Answer

A)  tall trees 
B)  aquatic plants 
C)  lichens and mosses 
D)  tall grasses 
E)  cactus 
A)  tall trees 
B)  aquatic plants 
C)  lichens and mosses 
D)  tall grasses 
E)  cactus

Question 17

A pyramid of energy represents each trophic level as a block whose size is directly proportional to the energy used in that level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A coral reef is a complex ________ of calcium carbonate shells that are home to microbes,algae,invertebrates,and fishes,and its high productivity helps provide great species richness.

Accepted Answer

A)  abiotic structure 
B)  community 
C)  biome 
D)  population 
E)  niche 
A)  abiotic structure 
B)  community 
C)  biome 
D)  population 
E)  niche

Question 19

The diversity in a kelp forest community can be measured by the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  kelp living in the community. 
B)  fishes living in the community. 
C)  abiotic resources utilized by the community. 
D)  niches in the community. 
E)  different species of living organisms in the community. 
A)  kelp living in the community. 
B)  fishes living in the community. 
C)  abiotic resources utilized by the community. 
D)  niches in the community. 
E)  different species of living organisms in the community.

Question 20

If you found a durable organism growing on bare rock and breaking it down into small particles of soil,it would be considered a pioneer species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 19: Communities and Ecosystems

A species that is so important to its community that its removal can dismantle a food web is termed a

If a species makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet exerts a disproportionate influence on community diversity,it is recognized as a ________ species.

Which of the following is not a major terrestrial biome of Earth?

Carbon returns to the atmosphere

Examples of terrestrial biomes are grasslands,forests,lakes,and deserts.

If you gave N₂ to a culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria,you would expect to detect

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic component or condition of an ecosystem?

Which of the following eats free-floating photosynthetic organisms found in lakes?

Mycorrhizal fungi contribute to nutrient cycles by aiding in the absorption of minerals,which they share with plants in return for carbohydrates.This shows that nutrient cycling can be an example of

"Net primary productivity" is the amount of energy

Some scientists predict that as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase,the pH of the oceans will drop,threatening coral and organisms with shells.What is the best explanation for this hypothesis?

A gradual change in a community's species composition,occurring as competing organisms respond to and modify the physical environment,is referred to as ecological

Which ecosystem would have the highest net primary production?

If you went diving in a freshwater lake,you would see very few rooted aquatic plants after a certain depth.What limits plant growth in deeper water?

Biomagnification occurs with chemicals that

What types of plants would you expect to find in an alpine tundra?

A pyramid of energy represents each trophic level as a block whose size is directly proportional to the energy used in that level.

A coral reef is a complex ________ of calcium carbonate shells that are home to microbes,algae,invertebrates,and fishes,and its high productivity helps provide great species richness.

The diversity in a kelp forest community can be measured by the number of

If you found a durable organism growing on bare rock and breaking it down into small particles of soil,it would be considered a pioneer species.

The Scientific Study of Life

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The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

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DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication,Binary Fission,and Mitosis

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Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Populations

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

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The Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

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Animal Reproduction and Development

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