Exam 13: Adaptation and Species

Based on the ________ species concept,organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring are most likely classified as species.

The great diversity of life on Earth is caused by the formation of new species in a process known as ________.

Determine the type of reproductive barrier described in each statement. -A horse and a donkey successfully mate; their offspring is sterile.

A lizard learns to avoid predatory birds after being attacked and losing part of its tail to a bird.What is required for this avoidance behavior to be considered an adaptive trait?

Which of the following must occur for one species to split into two or more species?

When a brightly colored guppy population is placed in an area containing many predators,the population changes in only a few generations to one containing only guppies with drab,dull colors that blend into their environment.This is an example of how natural selection can

There are approximately 8.74 million eukaryotic species on Earth.Of the groups shown in the infographic below,________ make up approximately 11 percent of the known species.

The faster a cheetah can run,the more likely it is to capture its prey.Cheetahs with longer legs are able to run faster than those with shorter legs.Although the existing cheetah population shows a variety of leg lengths,cheetah legs are not continuing to increase in length from one generation to the next.Which of the following is a possible explanation?

Identify whether a type of reproductive barrier is prezygotic or postzygotic. -zygote death

Gene flow is completely blocked between two populations of a flowering plant for 300 years.One population develops light green leaves,tall spindly stems,and purple flowers.The other population develops dark green leaves,short stems,and white flowers.At the end of the 300 years,people begin planting these flowering plants together in decorative gardens.People quickly realize that these two flowering plants are capable of interbreeding.Did speciation occur during the 300-year separation? Explain your reasoning.

Some species of orchids attract wasps to assist them in reproduction by producing flowers that look like female wasps.The flowers fool male wasps into attempting to mate with them.As a result,the wasp is covered with pollen that it takes with it to the next flower with which it attempts to mate.This example shows adaptation by

Which of the following organisms would best be identified as a species using the biological species concept?

Which of the following would NOT be expected after a population undergoes geographic isolation?

The three sea urchin species shown below are separated by gametic isolation.Do these species fit the definition of species as defined by the biological species concept? Why or why not?

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Of the three species of sea urchins shown,one species is considered allopatric with Echinometra lucunter and the other is considered sympatric with E.lucunter.Name the allopatric species and identify one factor that may have led to speciation between E.lucunter and the allopatric species.Next,name the sympatric species and identify one factor that may have led to speciation between E.lucunter and the sympatric species.

Match each numbered statement to one of the terms listed below. -an organism's physical characteristics

Determine the type of reproductive barrier described in each statement. -Female fruit flies only recognize the mating rituals of male fruit flies that are the same species.

Convergent evolution involves unrelated,or distantly related,organisms developing similar traits.Coevolution is similar to convergent evolution in that coevolution also

There is color variation in a population of insects living within an area.Some individuals are solid black and other individuals are gray with green spots.Individuals who are solid black do not blend into the environment,and they tend to be eaten by predators.Explain how differences in survival rates will lead to more individuals in the population being gray with green spots.