Question 1

Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are shown below.This graph was developed by measurements that were obtained in which of the following two ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  direct measurements on Mauna Loa, Hawaii, and from air bubbles trapped in ice. 
B)  studies of plant structures in response to differing CO₂ levels and measurements of carbon dioxide within rock layers. 
C)  carbon isotope levels in seafloor sediments and from air bubbles trapped in ice. 
D)  measurements from undisturbed bat droppings in caves on a South Pacific island and carbon isotope levels in sea floor sediments. 
A)  direct measurements on Mauna Loa, Hawaii, and from air bubbles trapped in ice. 
B)  studies of plant structures in response to differing CO₂ levels and measurements of carbon dioxide within rock layers. 
C)  carbon isotope levels in seafloor sediments and from air bubbles trapped in ice. 
D)  measurements from undisturbed bat droppings in caves on a South Pacific island and carbon isotope levels in sea floor sediments.

Question 2

The term ________ describes the process of water released to the atmosphere from plants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term ________ describes the process of...

Question 3

An individual's home is part of his or her ________ footprint.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon 
B)  food 
C)  built-up land 
D)  goods-and-services 
A)  carbon 
B)  food 
C)  built-up land 
D)  goods-and-services

Question 4

Biodiesel fuel is produced from oils synthesized by and harvested from living plants.How does the use of biodiesel fuel compare to the use of fossil fuels with respect to the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no difference; the combustion of the fuel produces carbon dioxide regardless of its source. 
B)  It is beneficial; converting plant material to biodiesel permanently traps carbon dioxide and prevents its entry to the atmosphere. 
C)  It is detrimental; because biodiesel produces lower mileage, more must be burned, causing a proportional increase in carbon dioxide release. 
D)  It is beneficial; because living plants are the source of the biodiesel, burning it simply represents nutrient recycling. 
A)  There is no difference; the combustion of the fuel produces carbon dioxide regardless of its source. 
B)  It is beneficial; converting plant material to biodiesel permanently traps carbon dioxide and prevents its entry to the atmosphere. 
C)  It is detrimental; because biodiesel produces lower mileage, more must be burned, causing a proportional increase in carbon dioxide release. 
D)  It is beneficial; because living plants are the source of the biodiesel, burning it simply represents nutrient recycling.

Question 5

The movement of warm air at the equator is caused because warm air is ________ than cool air.

Accepted Answer

A)  less dense 
B)  denser 
C)  able to hold less water 
D)  able to hold more water 
A)  less dense 
B)  denser 
C)  able to hold less water 
D)  able to hold more water

Question 6

Describe an analogy between greenhouse gases and an inanimate object such as a winter jacket.

Accepted Answer

Greenhouse gases absorb and tr

Question 7

The single most significant human-caused contribution (about 75 percent)to the worldwide increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Accepted Answer

A)  acid rain and the subsequent chemical reactions that release carbon dioxide from the soil. 
B)  nitrogen supplements that accelerate decompositional activity and recycle carbon before it can become sequestered in the soil. 
C)  the burning of fossil fuels and the subsequent emission of carbon dioxide. 
D)  deforestation and the subsequent decline in photosynthesis. 
A)  acid rain and the subsequent chemical reactions that release carbon dioxide from the soil. 
B)  nitrogen supplements that accelerate decompositional activity and recycle carbon before it can become sequestered in the soil. 
C)  the burning of fossil fuels and the subsequent emission of carbon dioxide. 
D)  deforestation and the subsequent decline in photosynthesis.

Question 8

Match the term to the correct example.
-a redwood tree

Accepted Answer

A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate 
A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate

Question 9

Carbon dioxide makes up approximately ________ percent of Earth's atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A)  94 
B)  44 
C)  14 
D)  0.04 
A)  94 
B)  44 
C)  14 
D)  0.04

Question 10

Increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have contributed to acidification of the oceans. This change of the water's pH due to a change in CO₂ concentrations is an example of how ________ has/have affected a(n)________ factor in the biosphere.

Accepted Answer

A)  global warming; biotic 
B)  global warming; abiotic 
C)  human activities; biotic 
D)  human activities; abiotic 
A)  global warming; biotic 
B)  global warming; abiotic 
C)  human activities; biotic 
D)  human activities; abiotic

Question 11

Ecologists study ________ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  only biotic 
B)  only abiotic 
C)  both biotic and abiotic 
D)  neither biotic nor abiotic 
A)  only biotic 
B)  only abiotic 
C)  both biotic and abiotic 
D)  neither biotic nor abiotic

Question 12

How has the increase in global temperatures impacted coastal cities around the planet?

Accepted Answer

The increase in global temperatures has

Question 13

Match the term to the correct example.
-a rock formation

Accepted Answer

A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate 
A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate

Question 14

Describe how both biotic and abiotic factors can affect the population size of deer in a forest.

Accepted Answer

Predators and food are two biotic factor

Question 15

How do trees in the Amazon help prevent global warming?

Accepted Answer

Trees in the Amazon usually act as a car

Question 16

Match the term to the correct example.
-the average rainfall of a region

Accepted Answer

A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate 
A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate

Question 17

What will happen in the future if humans continue to impact natural systems at the same rates as today?

Accepted Answer

A)  The environment is much too big and the human population much too small in comparison to have any serious consequences. 
B)  Human societies may experience severe disruptions in the services ecosystems provide on which human societies depend. 
C)  Some short-term changes may be experienced, but the magnitude will likely be no greater than those that have occurred naturally. 
D)  Some beneficial and necessary reductions in population growth will occur. 
A)  The environment is much too big and the human population much too small in comparison to have any serious consequences. 
B)  Human societies may experience severe disruptions in the services ecosystems provide on which human societies depend. 
C)  Some short-term changes may be experienced, but the magnitude will likely be no greater than those that have occurred naturally. 
D)  Some beneficial and necessary reductions in population growth will occur.

Question 18

Match the term to the correct example.
-a single storm

Accepted Answer

A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate 
A) biotic 
B) abiotic 
C) biosphere 
D) weather 
E) climate

Question 19

Greenhouse gases warm the planet by

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbing and dispersing solar radiation. 
B)  magnifying the energy of solar radiation. 
C)  producing and emitting infrared radiation. 
D)  absorbing and reemitting infrared radiation. 
A)  absorbing and dispersing solar radiation. 
B)  magnifying the energy of solar radiation. 
C)  producing and emitting infrared radiation. 
D)  absorbing and reemitting infrared radiation.

Question 20

One of the major effects of an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in average global temperatures. 
B)  cooler average temperatures as carbon dioxide reflects sunlight back into space. 
C)  an acceleration of the depletion of ozone. 
D)  an increase in the pH of oceans and lakes. 
A)  an increase in average global temperatures. 
B)  cooler average temperatures as carbon dioxide reflects sunlight back into space. 
C)  an acceleration of the depletion of ozone. 
D)  an increase in the pH of oceans and lakes.

Exam 18: General Principles of Ecology

Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are shown below.This graph was developed by measurements that were obtained in which of the following two ways?

The term ________ describes the process of water released to the atmosphere from plants.

An individual's home is part of his or her ________ footprint.

Biodiesel fuel is produced from oils synthesized by and harvested from living plants.How does the use of biodiesel fuel compare to the use of fossil fuels with respect to the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere?

The movement of warm air at the equator is caused because warm air is ________ than cool air.

Describe an analogy between greenhouse gases and an inanimate object such as a winter jacket.

The single most significant human-caused contribution (about 75 percent)to the worldwide increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Match the term to the correct example. -a redwood tree

Carbon dioxide makes up approximately ________ percent of Earth's atmosphere.

Increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have contributed to acidification of the oceans. This change of the water's pH due to a change in CO₂ concentrations is an example of how ________ has/have affected a(n)________ factor in the biosphere.

Ecologists study ________ factors.

How has the increase in global temperatures impacted coastal cities around the planet?

Match the term to the correct example. -a rock formation

Describe how both biotic and abiotic factors can affect the population size of deer in a forest.

How do trees in the Amazon help prevent global warming?

Match the term to the correct example. -the average rainfall of a region

What will happen in the future if humans continue to impact natural systems at the same rates as today?

Match the term to the correct example. -a single storm

Greenhouse gases warm the planet by

One of the major effects of an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

The Nature of Science

Evaluating Scientific Claims

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Plants, Fungi, and Protists

Animals and Human Evolution

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

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Increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have contributed to acidification of the oceans. This change of the water's pH due to a change in CO₂ concentrations is an example of how has/have affected a(n) factor in the biosphere.