Question 1

_____ is a memory task in which a person must simply identify material as familiar or as having been encountered before.

Accepted Answer

A) Recognition 
B) Serial position testing 
C) Recall 
D) The relearning method 
A) Recognition 
B) Serial position testing 
C) Recall 
D) The relearning method

Question 2

Ginny and Martin are both studying for a psychology exam. Ginny organizes her time so that she has the entire day before the exam to read and study. Martin arranges his week so he gets about an hour and a half of study time in each day the week before his exam. Both Ginny and Martin end up studying the same total number of hours. Which of the following will likely be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Ginny will perform better because she focused all of her energy on one subject matter for an extended period of time. 
B) Martin will perform better because he spaced out his studying. 
C) Ginny will perform better because she used the spaced practice technique. 
D) Both will do equally well because they spent the same amount of time studying. 
A) Ginny will perform better because she focused all of her energy on one subject matter for an extended period of time. 
B) Martin will perform better because he spaced out his studying. 
C) Ginny will perform better because she used the spaced practice technique. 
D) Both will do equally well because they spent the same amount of time studying.

Question 3

_____ occurs when information already stored in memory gets in the way of recalling newer information; when new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _____ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A) Retroactive interference; proactive interference 
B) Proactive amnesia; retroactive amnesia 
C) Proactive interference; retroactive interference 
D) Retrograde amnesia; proactive interference 
A) Retroactive interference; proactive interference 
B) Proactive amnesia; retroactive amnesia 
C) Proactive interference; retroactive interference 
D) Retrograde amnesia; proactive interference

Question 4

Jerilynn notices that when she studies her stack of note cards, she tends to remember best the ones on the top of the stack. Mark notices that when he studies his note cards, he can better remember the ones on the bottom of the stack. Jerilynn is showing the _____ by remembering the first few note cards, whereas Mark is demonstrating the _____ by remembering the last few note cards, both of which are a part of the overall serial position effect

Accepted Answer

primacy ef

Question 5

In terms of the processes of memory, _____ refers to transforming the information into a form that can be stored in memory.

Accepted Answer

A) storage 
B) encoding 
C) metacognition 
D) retrieval 
A) storage 
B) encoding 
C) metacognition 
D) retrieval

Question 6

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A) Eyewitness testimony is very accurate. 
B) The stress of witnessing a crime makes the memory very reliable. 
C) Eyewitnesses encode the most important information at the scene. 
D) Eyewitness testimony is relied upon in the U.S. courts and legal system. 
A) Eyewitness testimony is very accurate. 
B) The stress of witnessing a crime makes the memory very reliable. 
C) Eyewitnesses encode the most important information at the scene. 
D) Eyewitness testimony is relied upon in the U.S. courts and legal system.

Question 7

The blocking or preventing of long-term potentiation results in _____

Accepted Answer

A) increased encoding. 
B) the formation of many new memories. 
C) the interference of learning. 
D) an increase of synaptic efficiency. 
A) increased encoding. 
B) the formation of many new memories. 
C) the interference of learning. 
D) an increase of synaptic efficiency.

Question 8

Coreen was taking her driving test at the Department of Transportation office so she could renew her license. When she came upon the last question, she couldn't remember the answer. She paused to think and then started reviewing the previous questions for clues to the answer to the last question. Since that strategy didn't work, she started looking around the office for clues on the wall posters and windows. The poster on the wall nearest to her jogged her memory and helped her to answer the last question. The poster on the wall served as a(n)_____

Accepted Answer

A) eidetic image. 
B) discriminatory stimulus. 
C) distracter. 
D) retrieval cue. 
A) eidetic image. 
B) discriminatory stimulus. 
C) distracter. 
D) retrieval cue.

Question 9

Sharon and Peggy were talking about what they did over the weekend. Peggy told Sharon all about the concert she attended. As she was giving Peggy the details, she realized she could not remember the name of the group who performed. She could easily tell Sharon other songs they sang and even described what they looked like. However, Peggy could not seem to remember the name of the group at the moment. What did Peggy just experience?

Accepted Answer

A) consolidation failure 
B) tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 
C) encoding failure 
D) anterograde amnesia 
A) consolidation failure 
B) tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 
C) encoding failure 
D) anterograde amnesia

Question 10

In memory, _____ is an account of an event that has been pieced together from a few highlights.

Accepted Answer

A) the serial position effect 
B) a flashbulb memory 
C) the context effect 
D) reconstruction 
A) the serial position effect 
B) a flashbulb memory 
C) the context effect 
D) reconstruction

Question 11

Daneane was experiencing anxiety as she studied for her statistics exam. She was surprised to find that her recall for statistics seemed to be better when she once again began experiencing anxiety. This is an example of the _____.

Accepted Answer

state-depe

Question 12

Emily is convinced she has test anxiety. Every time she gets to the test, she cannot remember what she studied. She goes to her professor to try to see what she can do about it. Her professor asks her how she studies for the exams. Emily reports that she reads the chapters and rereads her notes. After talking to her professor about her study habits, her professor-who specializes in memory-will likely say which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) "It sure seems like you are studying enough. Continue doing what you are doing and your grades will eventually get better." 
B) "Emily, it is clear that you are suffering from the decay theory of forgetting. You need to work on creating retrieval cues." 
C) "Emily, the good news is that you don't have test anxiety. You just are not studying in a way that helps you encode the information." 
D) "You probably do have test anxiety and should see a psychiatrist for medication." 
A) "It sure seems like you are studying enough. Continue doing what you are doing and your grades will eventually get better." 
B) "Emily, it is clear that you are suffering from the decay theory of forgetting. You need to work on creating retrieval cues." 
C) "Emily, the good news is that you don't have test anxiety. You just are not studying in a way that helps you encode the information." 
D) "You probably do have test anxiety and should see a psychiatrist for medication."

Question 13

Based on the information-processing theory, _____ would be an accurate example of hardware.

Accepted Answer

A) the skull 
B) a mnemonic 
C) the method of loci 
D) the hippocampus 
A) the skull 
B) a mnemonic 
C) the method of loci 
D) the hippocampus

Question 14

Douglas was shown a painting for a few moments, and then was asked to jot down as many details regarding the painting as he could remember. As he began writing, he was surprised to learn that although he remembered what the painting was, he had trouble recalling the details and seemed to lose them within a few seconds. Based on this information, the original information was likely stored in his _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) sensory 
B) explicit 
C) short-term 
D) latent 
A) sensory 
B) explicit 
C) short-term 
D) latent

Question 15

According to the model of memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, virtually everything we see, hear, or otherwise sense is held in _____

Accepted Answer

A) long-term memory. 
B) sensory memory. 
C) metamemory. 
D) short-term memory. 
A) long-term memory. 
B) sensory memory. 
C) metamemory. 
D) short-term memory.

Question 16

When learning a long list of words, Vinny finds that he can remember the first few and last few quite easily. However, he is having trouble remembering the words in the middle. The reason for this finding can best be explained by the _____.

Accepted Answer

serial pos

Question 17

Tilda is learning her algebra and memorizing the formulas. She is working on a problem that requires one of the formulas she studied yesterday. However, as she is thinking and trying to retrieve that information, she cannot seem to remember it. Clearly, Tilda did not successfully get the formula into her _____

Accepted Answer

A) storage. 
B) positive bias of memory. 
C) reconstruction area. 
D) decoding zone. 
A) storage. 
B) positive bias of memory. 
C) reconstruction area. 
D) decoding zone.

Question 18

Daris, a marathon runner, is trying diligently to read his textbook, but he keeps finding himself preoccupied with his upcoming race. He is frustrated because he has had to go back and reread sections the textbook in order to really understand the material. Daris seems to be having difficulty with _____

Accepted Answer

A) retrieval. 
B) the positive bias of memory. 
C) encoding. 
D) reconstruction. 
A) retrieval. 
B) the positive bias of memory. 
C) encoding. 
D) reconstruction.

Question 19

When new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _____ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A) proactive interference 
B) retroactive interference 
C) anterograde amnesia 
D) proactive amnesia 
A) proactive interference 
B) retroactive interference 
C) anterograde amnesia 
D) proactive amnesia

Question 20

The levels-of-processing model describes _____ rehearsal as shallow processing and _____ rehearsal as deep processing.

Accepted Answer

A) spaced; massed 
B) maintenance; elaborative 
C) spaced; elaborative 
D) maintenance; spaced 
A) spaced; massed 
B) maintenance; elaborative 
C) spaced; elaborative 
D) maintenance; spaced

_____ is a memory task in which a person must simply identify material as familiar or as having been encountered before.

_ occurs when information already stored in memory gets in the way of recalling newer information; when new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _ has occurred.

In terms of the processes of memory, _____ refers to transforming the information into a form that can be stored in memory.

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding eyewitness testimony?

The blocking or preventing of long-term potentiation results in _____

In memory, _____ is an account of an event that has been pieced together from a few highlights.

Daneane was experiencing anxiety as she studied for her statistics exam. She was surprised to find that her recall for statistics seemed to be better when she once again began experiencing anxiety. This is an example of the _____.

Based on the information-processing theory, _____ would be an accurate example of hardware.

According to the model of memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, virtually everything we see, hear, or otherwise sense is held in _____

When learning a long list of words, Vinny finds that he can remember the first few and last few quite easily. However, he is having trouble remembering the words in the middle. The reason for this finding can best be explained by the _____.

When new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _____ has occurred.

The levels-of-processing model describes _ rehearsal as shallow processing and _ rehearsal as deep processing.

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Stress

Personality Theory and Assessment

Defining Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Human Sexuality and Gender

Filters

Exam 6: Memory

_____ is a memory task in which a person must simply identify material as familiar or as having been encountered before.

_____ occurs when information already stored in memory gets in the way of recalling newer information; when new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _____ has occurred.

In terms of the processes of memory, _____ refers to transforming the information into a form that can be stored in memory.

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding eyewitness testimony?

The blocking or preventing of long-term potentiation results in _____

In memory, _____ is an account of an event that has been pieced together from a few highlights.

Daneane was experiencing anxiety as she studied for her statistics exam. She was surprised to find that her recall for statistics seemed to be better when she once again began experiencing anxiety. This is an example of the _____.

Based on the information-processing theory, _____ would be an accurate example of hardware.

According to the model of memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, virtually everything we see, hear, or otherwise sense is held in _____

When learning a long list of words, Vinny finds that he can remember the first few and last few quite easily. However, he is having trouble remembering the words in the middle. The reason for this finding can best be explained by the _____.

When new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _____ has occurred.

The levels-of-processing model describes _____ rehearsal as shallow processing and _____ rehearsal as deep processing.

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Stress

Personality Theory and Assessment

Defining Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Human Sexuality and Gender

Filters

_ occurs when information already stored in memory gets in the way of recalling newer information; when new learning gets in the way of recalling previously learned information, _ has occurred.

The levels-of-processing model describes _ rehearsal as shallow processing and _ rehearsal as deep processing.