Question 1

___ is a term describing a loss of muscle bulk.

Accepted Answer

A) Denervation 
B) Paresis 
C) Hemiplegia 
D) Atrophy 
E) Hypertonia 
A) Denervation 
B) Paresis 
C) Hemiplegia 
D) Atrophy 
E) Hypertonia

Question 2

Gamma motor neurons innervate:

Accepted Answer

A) extrafusal fibers 
B) alpha motor neurons 
C) intrafusal fibers 
D) Golgi tendon organs 
E) both B and C 
A) extrafusal fibers 
B) alpha motor neurons 
C) intrafusal fibers 
D) Golgi tendon organs 
E) both B and C

Question 3

__ describes a condition in which neural impulses do not reach a muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) Atrophy 
B) Hyperreflexia 
C) Hemiplegia 
D) Areflexia 
E) Denervation 
A) Atrophy 
B) Hyperreflexia 
C) Hemiplegia 
D) Areflexia 
E) Denervation

Question 4

A young man is sitting on a chair studying when a friend claps her hands loudly behind his head.The man's jumping and turning his head in response to the sound is made possible by the __ tract.

Accepted Answer

A) corticospinal 
B) vestibulospinal 
C) tectospinal 
D) reticulospinal 
E) rubrospinal 
A) corticospinal 
B) vestibulospinal 
C) tectospinal 
D) reticulospinal 
E) rubrospinal

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of a lower motor neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the "final common pathway." 
B) It includes the muscle fiber it innervates. 
C) It has its origin in the spinal cord or brainstem. 
D) It is innervated by an upper motor neuron. 
A) It is the "final common pathway." 
B) It includes the muscle fiber it innervates. 
C) It has its origin in the spinal cord or brainstem. 
D) It is innervated by an upper motor neuron.

Question 6

A lesion in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia would most likely result in:

Accepted Answer

A) inhibition of thalamic nuclei 
B) inhibition of the cortex 
C) excitation of globus palladus internal 
D) excitation of the cortex 
E) both A and B 
A) inhibition of thalamic nuclei 
B) inhibition of the cortex 
C) excitation of globus palladus internal 
D) excitation of the cortex 
E) both A and B

Question 7

___ is a sign of a lower motor neuron lesion.

Accepted Answer

A) A positive Babinski sign 
B) Hypotonia 
C) Spasticity 
D) Areflexia 
E) both B and D 
A) A positive Babinski sign 
B) Hypotonia 
C) Spasticity 
D) Areflexia 
E) both B and D

Question 8

__ is a dyskinesia resulting from the long-term use of narcoleptic drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) Clonus 
B) Myoclonus 
C) Dystonia 
D) Tardive dyskinesia 
E) Tremor 
A) Clonus 
B) Myoclonus 
C) Dystonia 
D) Tardive dyskinesia 
E) Tremor

Question 9

___ is an indicator of damage to an upper motor neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) Hypotonia 
B) Fasciculations 
C) Areflexia 
D) Clonus 
E) Hyporeflexia 
A) Hypotonia 
B) Fasciculations 
C) Areflexia 
D) Clonus 
E) Hyporeflexia

Question 10

Unlike the rubrospinal and vestibulospinal tracts,the basal ganglia and cerebellum do not have direct contact lower with lower motor neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere will affect the left side of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The supplementary motor area has efferent projections to the:

Accepted Answer

A) brainstem 
B) prefrontal cortex 
C) primary motor cortex 
D) both B and C 
A) brainstem 
B) prefrontal cortex 
C) primary motor cortex 
D) both B and C

Question 13

All of the following areas are likely to be involved in the programming of motor speech except:

Accepted Answer

A) the corpus callosum 
B) the insula 
C) pars opercularis 
D) Broca's area 
E) ventral premotor cortex 
A) the corpus callosum 
B) the insula 
C) pars opercularis 
D) Broca's area 
E) ventral premotor cortex

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of some of the structures used for comprehending and executing a verbal command to move the right arm?

Accepted Answer

A) Wernicke's area on the left,left supramarginal gyrus,right arcuate fasciculus,right precentral gyrus 
B) Wernicke's area on the left,arcuate fasciculus,supramarginal gyrus,right premotor area,right pyramidal tract 
C) right arcuate fasciculus,right supramarginal gyrus,right premotor area,right pyramidal tract 
D) Wernicke's area on the left,left premotor cortex,anterior corpus callosal fibers,right premotor cortex,right pyramidal tract 
E) Both A and D are correct sequences. 
A) Wernicke's area on the left,left supramarginal gyrus,right arcuate fasciculus,right precentral gyrus 
B) Wernicke's area on the left,arcuate fasciculus,supramarginal gyrus,right premotor area,right pyramidal tract 
C) right arcuate fasciculus,right supramarginal gyrus,right premotor area,right pyramidal tract 
D) Wernicke's area on the left,left premotor cortex,anterior corpus callosal fibers,right premotor cortex,right pyramidal tract 
E) Both A and D are correct sequences.

Question 15

Which of the pathways of the basal ganglia would make use of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?

Accepted Answer

A) the indirect pathway from the subthalamic nucleus to the globus palladus internal 
B) the direct pathway from the striatum to the globus palladus internal 
C) the pathway from the cortex to the basal ganglia 
D) the pathway from the substantia nigra compacta to the striatum 
E) both C and D 
A) the indirect pathway from the subthalamic nucleus to the globus palladus internal 
B) the direct pathway from the striatum to the globus palladus internal 
C) the pathway from the cortex to the basal ganglia 
D) the pathway from the substantia nigra compacta to the striatum 
E) both C and D

Question 16

Symmetrical movements of paired facial structures,such as the lips,are made possible by the:

Accepted Answer

A) communication between hemispheres made possible by the corpus callosum 
B) contralateral innervation of the lower motor neurons by upper motor neurons 
C) same mechanisms that allow for coordinated movement of the hands 
D) bilateral innervation of the lower motor neurons by upper motor neurons 
A) communication between hemispheres made possible by the corpus callosum 
B) contralateral innervation of the lower motor neurons by upper motor neurons 
C) same mechanisms that allow for coordinated movement of the hands 
D) bilateral innervation of the lower motor neurons by upper motor neurons

Question 17

The corticospinal,corticonuclear,and corticopontine tracts make up the pyramidal system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

All of the following are functions of the basal ganglia EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance of ongoing movement 
B) initiation of movement 
C) keeping the eyes on a target when the head is in motion 
D) the execution of learned motor plans 
E) influencing movements related to posture 
A) maintenance of ongoing movement 
B) initiation of movement 
C) keeping the eyes on a target when the head is in motion 
D) the execution of learned motor plans 
E) influencing movements related to posture

Question 19

Which of these structures is NOT a site for a lower motor neuron lesion?

Accepted Answer

A) a cell body in the motor cortex 
B) axons of a cranial nerve 
C) a cell body in the anterior horn of the spinal cord 
D) muscle fibers 
E) the neuromuscular junction 
A) a cell body in the motor cortex 
B) axons of a cranial nerve 
C) a cell body in the anterior horn of the spinal cord 
D) muscle fibers 
E) the neuromuscular junction

Question 20

Akinesia is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) a lack or paucity of movement 
B) purposeless rhythmic movement 
C) brief and quick muscle contractions 
D) distorted posture 
E) writhing movement 
A) a lack or paucity of movement 
B) purposeless rhythmic movement 
C) brief and quick muscle contractions 
D) distorted posture 
E) writhing movement

___ is a term describing a loss of muscle bulk.

Gamma motor neurons innervate:

__ describes a condition in which neural impulses do not reach a muscle.

A young man is sitting on a chair studying when a friend claps her hands loudly behind his head.The man's jumping and turning his head in response to the sound is made possible by the __ tract.

Which of the following is not true of a lower motor neuron?

A lesion in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia would most likely result in:

___ is a sign of a lower motor neuron lesion.

__ is a dyskinesia resulting from the long-term use of narcoleptic drugs.

___ is an indicator of damage to an upper motor neuron.

Unlike the rubrospinal and vestibulospinal tracts,the basal ganglia and cerebellum do not have direct contact lower with lower motor neurons.

A lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere will affect the left side of the body.

The supplementary motor area has efferent projections to the:

All of the following areas are likely to be involved in the programming of motor speech except:

Which of the following is a correct sequence of some of the structures used for comprehending and executing a verbal command to move the right arm?

Which of the pathways of the basal ganglia would make use of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?

Symmetrical movements of paired facial structures,such as the lips,are made possible by the:

The corticospinal,corticonuclear,and corticopontine tracts make up the pyramidal system.

All of the following are functions of the basal ganglia EXCEPT:

Which of these structures is NOT a site for a lower motor neuron lesion?

Akinesia is characterized by:

Introduction to Speech-Language Neurology

Organization of the Nervous System I

Organization of the Nervous System II

Neuronal Function in the Nervous System

Neurosensory Organization of Speech and Hearing

The Cranial Nerves

Clinical Speech Syndromes of the Motor Systems

Pediatric Clinical Speech Syndromes: The Developing Brain

Central Language Mechanism and Learning

Adult Disorders of Language

Pediatric Disorders of Language

Filters

Exam 6: Neuromotor Control of Speech

___ is a term describing a loss of muscle bulk.

Gamma motor neurons innervate:

__ describes a condition in which neural impulses do not reach a muscle.

A young man is sitting on a chair studying when a friend claps her hands loudly behind his head.The man's jumping and turning his head in response to the sound is made possible by the __ tract.

Which of the following is not true of a lower motor neuron?

A lesion in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia would most likely result in:

___ is a sign of a lower motor neuron lesion.

__ is a dyskinesia resulting from the long-term use of narcoleptic drugs.

___ is an indicator of damage to an upper motor neuron.

Unlike the rubrospinal and vestibulospinal tracts,the basal ganglia and cerebellum do not have direct contact lower with lower motor neurons.

A lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere will affect the left side of the body.

The supplementary motor area has efferent projections to the:

All of the following areas are likely to be involved in the programming of motor speech except:

Which of the following is a correct sequence of some of the structures used for comprehending and executing a verbal command to move the right arm?

Which of the pathways of the basal ganglia would make use of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?

Symmetrical movements of paired facial structures,such as the lips,are made possible by the:

The corticospinal,corticonuclear,and corticopontine tracts make up the pyramidal system.

All of the following are functions of the basal ganglia EXCEPT:

Which of these structures is NOT a site for a lower motor neuron lesion?

Akinesia is characterized by:

Introduction to Speech-Language Neurology

Organization of the Nervous System I

Organization of the Nervous System II

Neuronal Function in the Nervous System

Neurosensory Organization of Speech and Hearing

The Cranial Nerves

Clinical Speech Syndromes of the Motor Systems

Pediatric Clinical Speech Syndromes: The Developing Brain

Central Language Mechanism and Learning

Adult Disorders of Language

Pediatric Disorders of Language

Filters