Question 1

What are the structural differences between the left and right lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The left lung has two lobes, whereas the right lung has three lobes, the left lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains one fissure, whereas the right lung contains two fissures. 
B)  The left lung has three lobes, whereas the right lung has two lobes, the left lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains two fissures, whereas the right lung contains one fissure. 
C)  The left lung has one lobe, whereas the right lung has three lobes, the right lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains one fissure, whereas the right lung contains two fissures. 
D)  There are no differences in the structure of the left and right lungs. 
A)  The left lung has two lobes, whereas the right lung has three lobes, the left lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains one fissure, whereas the right lung contains two fissures. 
B)  The left lung has three lobes, whereas the right lung has two lobes, the left lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains two fissures, whereas the right lung contains one fissure. 
C)  The left lung has one lobe, whereas the right lung has three lobes, the right lung features a groove for the aorta and cardiac depression/notch, and the left lung contains one fissure, whereas the right lung contains two fissures. 
D)  There are no differences in the structure of the left and right lungs. A

Question 2

The lungs are located in the ________ on either side of the heart.

Accepted Answer

A)  plural cavities 
B)  pelvic cavity 
C)  abdominal cavity 
D)  thoracic cavity 
A)  plural cavities 
B)  pelvic cavity 
C)  abdominal cavity 
D)  thoracic cavity A

Question 3

The vocal cords are located in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea 
B)  esophagus 
C)  larynx 
D)  pharynx 
A)  trachea 
B)  esophagus 
C)  larynx 
D)  pharynx C

Question 4

The epiglottis covers the laryngeal opening when you swallow.What is the significance of this action?

Accepted Answer

A)  The epiglottis prevents food and beverages from "going down the wrong pipe" by blocking the entrance to the larynx. 
B)  The epiglottis prevents backflow of food and beverage into the pharynx. 
C)  The epiglottis has no known function. 
D)  The epiglottis allows food and beverages to enter the larynx. 
A)  The epiglottis prevents food and beverages from "going down the wrong pipe" by blocking the entrance to the larynx. 
B)  The epiglottis prevents backflow of food and beverage into the pharynx. 
C)  The epiglottis has no known function. 
D)  The epiglottis allows food and beverages to enter the larynx.

Question 5

The nasal cavity is divided into left and right portions by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethmoid bone 
B)  nasal bones 
C)  nasal septum 
D)  frontal bone 
A)  ethmoid bone 
B)  nasal bones 
C)  nasal septum 
D)  frontal bone

Question 6

Identify the airway type based on this description:The airway type is lined with squamous epithelium,cartilage is absent,goblet cells are absent,and ciliated cells are absent.

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchiole 
B)  alveoli 
C)  trachea 
D)  primary bronchus 
A)  bronchiole 
B)  alveoli 
C)  trachea 
D)  primary bronchus

Question 7

The ________,or windpipe,delivers air to the bronchial tree.

Accepted Answer

A)  glottis 
B)  pharynx 
C)  larynx 
D)  trachea 
A)  glottis 
B)  pharynx 
C)  larynx 
D)  trachea

Question 8

The pharynx ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  serves as a common passageway for air to the larynx and food to the esophagus 
B)  serves as a passageway for air to the larynx 
C)  consists of two pharyngeal regions 
D)  serves as a passageway for food to the esophagus 
A)  serves as a common passageway for air to the larynx and food to the esophagus 
B)  serves as a passageway for air to the larynx 
C)  consists of two pharyngeal regions 
D)  serves as a passageway for food to the esophagus

Question 9

What criteria might an observer use to distinguish between a bronchiole and a bronchus?

Accepted Answer

A)  A bronchiole is lined by columnar epithelium. 
B)  Cartilage is present in bronchioles but not in bronchi. 
C)  Cartilage is present in bronchi but not in bronchioles. 
D)  A bronchus is lined by cuboidal epithelium. 
A)  A bronchiole is lined by columnar epithelium. 
B)  Cartilage is present in bronchioles but not in bronchi. 
C)  Cartilage is present in bronchi but not in bronchioles. 
D)  A bronchus is lined by cuboidal epithelium.

Question 10

________ is an enzyme that can kill bacteria that enter the respiratory tract.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucus 
B)  Lysozyme 
C)  Surfactant 
D)  Acid 
A)  Mucus 
B)  Lysozyme 
C)  Surfactant 
D)  Acid

Question 11

Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of the hair that lines the external nares (nostrils)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hair in the nostrils enhances the sense of smell. 
B)  Hairs of the nostrils facilitate the flow of particles into the nasal cavity. 
C)  The hair that lines the nostrils filters foreign particles, preventing entry into the nasal cavity. 
D)  The hair has no known function. 
A)  Hair in the nostrils enhances the sense of smell. 
B)  Hairs of the nostrils facilitate the flow of particles into the nasal cavity. 
C)  The hair that lines the nostrils filters foreign particles, preventing entry into the nasal cavity. 
D)  The hair has no known function.

Question 12

Identify the airway type based on this description:The airway type is lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium,cartilage is present,goblet cells are present,and ciliated cells are present.

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchiole 
B)  primary bronchus 
C)  terminal bronchiole 
D)  alveolar duct 
A)  bronchiole 
B)  primary bronchus 
C)  terminal bronchiole 
D)  alveolar duct

Question 13

Which of the following answer choices correctly organizes the airways of the bronchial tree (large airways to small airways)?

Accepted Answer

A)  alveoli > alveolar sac > alveolar duct > respiratory bronchiole > terminal bronchiole > bronchioles > small bronchi > tertiary bronchi > secondary bronchi > primary bronchus 
B)  primary bronchus > secondary bronchus > tertiary bronchus > small bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > alveoli 
C)  alveoli > secondary bronchus > tertiary bronchus > small bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > primary bronchus 
D)  tertiary bronchus > primary bronchus > secondary bronchus > small bronchi > terminal bronchioles > bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > alveoli 
A)  alveoli > alveolar sac > alveolar duct > respiratory bronchiole > terminal bronchiole > bronchioles > small bronchi > tertiary bronchi > secondary bronchi > primary bronchus 
B)  primary bronchus > secondary bronchus > tertiary bronchus > small bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > alveoli 
C)  alveoli > secondary bronchus > tertiary bronchus > small bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > primary bronchus 
D)  tertiary bronchus > primary bronchus > secondary bronchus > small bronchi > terminal bronchioles > bronchioles > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar duct > alveolar sac > alveoli

Question 14

What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cilia in the upper respiratory tract direct mucus to the pharynx so that it can be swallowed. Stomach acids subsequently destroy any respiratory irritants trapped in the mucus. 
B)  Cilia trap respiratory irritants such as dust and other small particles. 
C)  Cilia produce mucus. 
D)  Cilia are present on the surface of cells that line the trachea, but they have no defined function in the respiratory system. 
A)  Cilia in the upper respiratory tract direct mucus to the pharynx so that it can be swallowed. Stomach acids subsequently destroy any respiratory irritants trapped in the mucus. 
B)  Cilia trap respiratory irritants such as dust and other small particles. 
C)  Cilia produce mucus. 
D)  Cilia are present on the surface of cells that line the trachea, but they have no defined function in the respiratory system.

Question 15

Which of the pharyngeal regions is most closely associated with the oral cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  nasopharynx 
B)  oropharynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  laryngopharynx 
A)  nasopharynx 
B)  oropharynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  laryngopharynx

Question 16

Of the cartilages associated with the larynx,which serve as attachment sites for muscles that regulate tension of the vocal cords during speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  corniculate cartilages 
B)  cuneiform cartilages 
C)  cricoid cartilage 
D)  arytenoid cartilages 
A)  corniculate cartilages 
B)  cuneiform cartilages 
C)  cricoid cartilage 
D)  arytenoid cartilages

Question 17

What might be the clinical significance of loss of surfactant production by type II alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Failure of type II alveolar cells to produce surfactant may result in alveolar collapse. 
B)  Reduced amounts or absence of surfactant will result in more efficient alveolar inflation upon inspiration. 
C)  Surfactant is not needed for proper lung function, so there would be no consequence if it were not produced. 
D)  Because surfactant is produced by type I alveolar cells, there would be no clinical effect of reduced surfactant production by type II alveolar cells. 
A)  Failure of type II alveolar cells to produce surfactant may result in alveolar collapse. 
B)  Reduced amounts or absence of surfactant will result in more efficient alveolar inflation upon inspiration. 
C)  Surfactant is not needed for proper lung function, so there would be no consequence if it were not produced. 
D)  Because surfactant is produced by type I alveolar cells, there would be no clinical effect of reduced surfactant production by type II alveolar cells.

Question 18

Which of the following distributes air to particular regions of the lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea 
B)  respiratory airways 
C)  conducting airways 
D)  pulmonary capillaries 
A)  trachea 
B)  respiratory airways 
C)  conducting airways 
D)  pulmonary capillaries

Question 19

As airways become smaller,________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium does not change 
B)  the amount of cartilage increases, the amount of smooth muscle decreases, and the type of epithelium changes 
C)  the amount of cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium changes 
D)  the amount of cartilage increases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium changes 
A)  the amount of cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium does not change 
B)  the amount of cartilage increases, the amount of smooth muscle decreases, and the type of epithelium changes 
C)  the amount of cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium changes 
D)  the amount of cartilage increases, the amount of smooth muscle increases, and the type of epithelium changes

Question 20

The arrangement of airways in the lungs most closely resembles ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a circle 
B)  a tree 
C)  a light pole 
D)  the letter "Y" 
A)  a circle 
B)  a tree 
C)  a light pole 
D)  the letter "Y"

Exam 25: Anatomy of the Respiratory System

What are the structural differences between the left and right lungs?

The lungs are located in the ________ on either side of the heart.

The vocal cords are located in the ________.

The epiglottis covers the laryngeal opening when you swallow.What is the significance of this action?

The nasal cavity is divided into left and right portions by the ________.

Identify the airway type based on this description:The airway type is lined with squamous epithelium,cartilage is absent,goblet cells are absent,and ciliated cells are absent.

The ________,or windpipe,delivers air to the bronchial tree.

The pharynx ________.

What criteria might an observer use to distinguish between a bronchiole and a bronchus?

________ is an enzyme that can kill bacteria that enter the respiratory tract.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of the hair that lines the external nares (nostrils)?

Identify the airway type based on this description:The airway type is lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium,cartilage is present,goblet cells are present,and ciliated cells are present.

Which of the following answer choices correctly organizes the airways of the bronchial tree (large airways to small airways)?

What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract?

Which of the pharyngeal regions is most closely associated with the oral cavity?

Of the cartilages associated with the larynx,which serve as attachment sites for muscles that regulate tension of the vocal cords during speech?

What might be the clinical significance of loss of surfactant production by type II alveolar cells?

Which of the following distributes air to particular regions of the lung?

As airways become smaller,________.

The arrangement of airways in the lungs most closely resembles ________.

Body Organization and Terminology

Care and Use of the Compound Light Microscope

Cell Structure and Cell Division

Membrane Transport

Tissues

The Integumentary System

Introduction to the Skeletal System and the Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Introduction to Skeletal Muscle

Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Trunk

Muscles of the Upper and Lower Limbs

Physiology of the Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Human Reflex Physiology

Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood Cells

Gross Anatomy of the Heart

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Cardiovascular Physiology

The Lymphatic System

Respiratory Physiology

Anatomy of the Digestive System

Actions of a Digestive Enzyme

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Urinary Physiology

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

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