Question 1

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is a good example of a "lower-level" behavior,in the context of behavioral observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of times during class that a student behaves aggressively toward a classmate 
B)  how many different classmates a student speaks to during a class period 
C)  how many minutes of a class period a student spends out of his or her seat 
D)  the number of times during class that a student raises his or her hand in response to a question from the teacher 
A)  the number of times during class that a student behaves aggressively toward a classmate 
B)  how many different classmates a student speaks to during a class period 
C)  how many minutes of a class period a student spends out of his or her seat 
D)  the number of times during class that a student raises his or her hand in response to a question from the teacher A

Question 2

An adult who is frequently late to work is being assessed by a behavioral assessor.The assessor is performing a functional analysis of the tardiness.This analysis is LEAST likely to include

Accepted Answer

A)  an examination of the days of the week that lateness is most common. 
B)  an exploration of underlying feelings toward work that may cause the lateness. 
C)  a review of the consequences of the tardiness. 
D)  questions about the events of the evenings preceding tardy arrivals. 
A)  an examination of the days of the week that lateness is most common. 
B)  an exploration of underlying feelings toward work that may cause the lateness. 
C)  a review of the consequences of the tardiness. 
D)  questions about the events of the evenings preceding tardy arrivals. B

Question 3

What are the advantages and disadvantages of controlled observation?

Accepted Answer

Controlled observation has several advantages. Firstly, it allows researchers to have a high level of control over the variables being studied, which can help to ensure that the results are reliable and valid. This means that researchers can manipulate the conditions in order to test specific hypotheses and theories. Additionally, controlled observation can also help to minimize the impact of extraneous variables, as the environment and conditions can be carefully controlled.

However, there are also some disadvantages to controlled observation. One of the main drawbacks is that it can be difficult to generalize the findings to real-world settings, as the controlled conditions may not accurately reflect the complexities of everyday life. Additionally, there is also the potential for the Hawthorne effect, where participants may change their behavior simply because they are being observed. This can lead to biased results and may not accurately reflect how people would behave in a natural setting.

Overall, while controlled observation can provide valuable insights and data, researchers must also be mindful of its limitations and consider the potential impact of the controlled environment on their findings.

Question 4

Reliability and validity of observation techniques can be improved by ALL BUT WHICH of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  training observers. 
B)  defining behaviors objectively. 
C)  allowing observers to define the unit of analysis. 
D)  developing a specific scoring system. 
A)  training observers. 
B)  defining behaviors objectively. 
C)  allowing observers to define the unit of analysis. 
D)  developing a specific scoring system.

Question 5

In __________,research participants carry electronic diaries,which may beep at random times throughout the day while they're in their natural environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  role-playing methods 
B)  controlled observation methods 
C)  ecological momentary assessment methods 
D)  none of the above 
A)  role-playing methods 
B)  controlled observation methods 
C)  ecological momentary assessment methods 
D)  none of the above

Question 6

Todd,Jamal,and Samuel are trained observers for a research project.Just after completing their training,their interrater reliability is very high.However,over time and without their awareness,their observations converge less and less closely.The term for this phenomenon is

Accepted Answer

A)  observer drift. 
B)  fading agreement. 
C)  rating separation. 
D)  observer spread. 
A)  observer drift. 
B)  fading agreement. 
C)  rating separation. 
D)  observer spread.

Question 7

Describe two distinct types of observer error,and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

One type of observer error is confirmati

Question 8

Aside from handheld computers,what other technology may be used to gather data from individuals in their natural environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  GPS devices 
B)  biosensors 
C)  audio recorders 
D)  all of the above 
A)  GPS devices 
B)  biosensors 
C)  audio recorders 
D)  all of the above

Question 9

Behavioral assessment takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  before treatment begins. 
B)  before, during, and after treatment. 
C)  after treatment. 
D)  before and after treatment. 
A)  before treatment begins. 
B)  before, during, and after treatment. 
C)  after treatment. 
D)  before and after treatment.

Question 10

The important feature of _________ is that the environment is "designed" such that it is likely that the assessor will observe the targeted behavior or interactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled observation 
B)  behavioral assessment 
C)  time-sampling techniques 
D)  role-playing techniques 
A)  controlled observation 
B)  behavioral assessment 
C)  time-sampling techniques 
D)  role-playing techniques

Question 11

Which of the following is true of inventories and checklists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral clinicians do not use these kinds of self-report techniques for assessment. 
B)  Behavioral clinicians may have people complete checklists, but not inventories. 
C)  Behavioral clinicians make use of a wide range of inventories and checklists in their work. 
D)  Behavior clinicians use inventories and checklists, but only when observers are supplying the ratings. 
A)  Behavioral clinicians do not use these kinds of self-report techniques for assessment. 
B)  Behavioral clinicians may have people complete checklists, but not inventories. 
C)  Behavioral clinicians make use of a wide range of inventories and checklists in their work. 
D)  Behavior clinicians use inventories and checklists, but only when observers are supplying the ratings.

Question 12

A behavioral assessor is using the SORC model to describe a client's problem.The client is an obsessive-compulsive hand-washer.The obsessive thought,"my hands are dirty," should be listed under

Accepted Answer

A)  S. 
B)  O. 
C)  R. 
D)  C. 
A)  S. 
B)  O. 
C)  R. 
D)  C.

Question 13

Phil is seeing a behavioral clinical psychologist for help with his drinking behavior.The clinician asks Phil what he hopes to accomplish in treatment,and Phil says that he wants to reduce his alcohol intake.Then the clinician asks Phil what would be the consequence of reducing his intake,and Phil says that it would improve his performance at work.Then the clinician asks Phil what would be the consequence of improving his work performance,and Phil says that he would earn more money.Then the clinician asks about the consequence of earning more money,and Phil says that there would be less strain on his marriage.Then the clinician asks about the consequence of less marital strain,and Phil says that he would be happier.What is the clinician trying to do in this intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  define the ultimate outcome of the behavior change 
B)  pinpoint the antecedent of the undesired behavior 
C)  determine how committed the client is to treatment 
D)  none of the above 
A)  define the ultimate outcome of the behavior change 
B)  pinpoint the antecedent of the undesired behavior 
C)  determine how committed the client is to treatment 
D)  none of the above

Question 14

A child's parents and teachers report that he impulsively interrupts others dozens of times each day,and that he cannot remain quiet when told to do so.When he notices a behavioral assessor visiting his classroom,however,the child doesn't say a word.This phenomenon is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  poor construct validity. 
B)  reactivity. 
C)  observer error. 
D)  controlled observation. 
A)  poor construct validity. 
B)  reactivity. 
C)  observer error. 
D)  controlled observation.

Question 15

Organismic variables,according to contemporary behavioral assessors,may include

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitions and expectations. 
B)  physiological variables. 
C)  both of the above 
D)  neither of the above 
A)  cognitions and expectations. 
B)  physiological variables. 
C)  both of the above 
D)  neither of the above

Question 16

Explain what is meant by calling the behavioral model of treatment "iterative." Describe briefly the stages of this model.

Accepted Answer

The term "iterative" in the context of t

Question 17

EMG,EDA,and EEG are most relevant to

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  psychophysiological assessment. 
C)  structured diagnostic interviews. 
D)  self-monitoring techniques. 
A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  psychophysiological assessment. 
C)  structured diagnostic interviews. 
D)  self-monitoring techniques.

Question 18

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of psychophysiological measures?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may assess activity of the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, or the skeletomotor system. 
B)  They may assess processes that cannot be assessed directly through self-report measures. 
C)  They are often more sensitive at assessing certain processes than other (e.g., behavioral) types of measures. 
D)  The concepts of reliability and validity are not relevant to psychophysiological measures. 
A)  They may assess activity of the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, or the skeletomotor system. 
B)  They may assess processes that cannot be assessed directly through self-report measures. 
C)  They are often more sensitive at assessing certain processes than other (e.g., behavioral) types of measures. 
D)  The concepts of reliability and validity are not relevant to psychophysiological measures.

Question 19

How have the opinions of behavioral assessors toward psychiatric diagnosis changed over the years? Identify at least three factors that may account for this change.

Accepted Answer

The opinions of behavioral assessors tow

Question 20

If a trained observer's ratings of the aggressive behavior of a child on the playground agree with the ratings made by the child's peers,then the __________ validity of those ratings is supported.

Accepted Answer

A)  construct 
B)  content 
C)  concurrent 
D)  external 
A)  construct 
B)  content 
C)  concurrent 
D)  external

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is a good example of a "lower-level" behavior,in the context of behavioral observation?

An adult who is frequently late to work is being assessed by a behavioral assessor.The assessor is performing a functional analysis of the tardiness.This analysis is LEAST likely to include

What are the advantages and disadvantages of controlled observation?

Reliability and validity of observation techniques can be improved by ALL BUT WHICH of the following?

In __________,research participants carry electronic diaries,which may beep at random times throughout the day while they're in their natural environments.

Todd,Jamal,and Samuel are trained observers for a research project.Just after completing their training,their interrater reliability is very high.However,over time and without their awareness,their observations converge less and less closely.The term for this phenomenon is

Describe two distinct types of observer error,and provide an example of each.

Aside from handheld computers,what other technology may be used to gather data from individuals in their natural environments?

Behavioral assessment takes place

The important feature of _________ is that the environment is "designed" such that it is likely that the assessor will observe the targeted behavior or interactions.

Which of the following is true of inventories and checklists?

A behavioral assessor is using the SORC model to describe a client's problem.The client is an obsessive-compulsive hand-washer.The obsessive thought,"my hands are dirty," should be listed under

A child's parents and teachers report that he impulsively interrupts others dozens of times each day,and that he cannot remain quiet when told to do so.When he notices a behavioral assessor visiting his classroom,however,the child doesn't say a word.This phenomenon is best described as

Organismic variables,according to contemporary behavioral assessors,may include

Explain what is meant by calling the behavioral model of treatment "iterative." Describe briefly the stages of this model.

EMG,EDA,and EEG are most relevant to

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of psychophysiological measures?

How have the opinions of behavioral assessors toward psychiatric diagnosis changed over the years? Identify at least three factors that may account for this change.

If a trained observer's ratings of the aggressive behavior of a child on the playground agree with the ratings made by the child's peers,then the __________ validity of those ratings is supported.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Research Methods in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters

Exam 9: Behavioral Assessment

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is a good example of a "lower-level" behavior,in the context of behavioral observation?

An adult who is frequently late to work is being assessed by a behavioral assessor.The assessor is performing a functional analysis of the tardiness.This analysis is LEAST likely to include

What are the advantages and disadvantages of controlled observation?

Reliability and validity of observation techniques can be improved by ALL BUT WHICH of the following?

In __________,research participants carry electronic diaries,which may beep at random times throughout the day while they're in their natural environments.

Todd,Jamal,and Samuel are trained observers for a research project.Just after completing their training,their interrater reliability is very high.However,over time and without their awareness,their observations converge less and less closely.The term for this phenomenon is

Describe two distinct types of observer error,and provide an example of each.

Aside from handheld computers,what other technology may be used to gather data from individuals in their natural environments?

Behavioral assessment takes place

The important feature of _________ is that the environment is "designed" such that it is likely that the assessor will observe the targeted behavior or interactions.

Which of the following is true of inventories and checklists?

A behavioral assessor is using the SORC model to describe a client's problem.The client is an obsessive-compulsive hand-washer.The obsessive thought,"my hands are dirty," should be listed under

A child's parents and teachers report that he impulsively interrupts others dozens of times each day,and that he cannot remain quiet when told to do so.When he notices a behavioral assessor visiting his classroom,however,the child doesn't say a word.This phenomenon is best described as

Organismic variables,according to contemporary behavioral assessors,may include

Explain what is meant by calling the behavioral model of treatment "iterative." Describe briefly the stages of this model.

EMG,EDA,and EEG are most relevant to

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is true of psychophysiological measures?

How have the opinions of behavioral assessors toward psychiatric diagnosis changed over the years? Identify at least three factors that may account for this change.

If a trained observer's ratings of the aggressive behavior of a child on the playground agree with the ratings made by the child's peers,then the __________ validity of those ratings is supported.

Clinical Psychology: An Introduction

Historical Overview of Clinical Psychology

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

Research Methods in Clinical Psychology

Diagnosis and Classification of Psychological Problems

The Assessment Interview

The Assessment of Intelligence

Personality Assessment

Clinical Judgment

Psychological Interventions

Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective

Psychotherapy: Phenomenological Humanistic-Existential Perspective

Psychotherapy: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives

Group Therapy, Family Therapy, and Couples Therapy

Community Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Neuropsychology

Forensic Psychology

Filters