Exam 5: Developmental Processes

Flavell suggested four ways in which the early predisposition and abilities of infants involve other humans. Which of the following is NOT one of these ways?

The neuropeptide _____ may be related to the development of social attachment as well as the expression of social behaviors in females.

_____ is a personality trait associated with being sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, modest, and straightforward.

True _____ memory is more than just recalling your participation in a particular event; it also includes the ability to do this without any situational cues for its recall in the present.

_____ play is seen across cultures and often reflects tasks that the children observe their parents or elders engaging it; there is some suggest that it is related to theory of mind.

What is personality? Describe the Big Five model of personality. What are the biological and evolutionary implications of this model? Include a discuss of trait costs and benefits, assortative mating and judgment of personality.

To research attachment patterns experimentally, Mary Ainsworth developed the _____, which involves having the mother momentarily leave the infant with an unknown person and then returning.

Newborn human infants show a _____ reflex when their lips are touched, and this helps a new mother begin to produce milk.

Discuss Bowlby's research on early attachment relationships. What did he find? Describe the procedure Ainsworth developed to examine attachment styles. What did she find?

The term _____ is often used to describe conditions in which processes are open to modification during development.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic pattern of behavior for an infant that has developed a secure attachment with its caregiver?

Longitudinal studies on aggression show that

_____ is a personality trait associated with curiosity, flexibility, and artistic sensitivity, including imaginativeness and the ability to create a fantasy world.

When theory of mind tasks have been given around the world, it is observed that the ability develops at about the same in all cultures, generally when the child is _____ years old.

Our human ancestry began more than 150,000 years ago in the high grasslands and wooded slopes of _____ Africa.

Discuss Bjorklund and Blasi's (2005) six tenets of evolutionary psychology.

Not all characteristics of infants and children are preparations for adulthood; characteristics that serve only the developmental period are referred to as _____.

Discuss theory of mind and belief-desire reasoning. What is the "false-belief" task, and how is it used to study the development of theory of mind? What components are involved in the development of the ability to infer other's mental states?

Environmental factors are able to influence developmental processes from the earliest manifestation of the organism; in fact, all genetic processes in humans, with the exception of _____, can be influenced by environmental factors.

One theory that has attempted to describe the close relationship between genes and the environment in relation to development is the _____ approach, which sees development as interplay between a variety of levels, including genes, neural activity, behavior, environment, culture, and society.