Question 1

How is the term cognition,derived from the Latin word cogito,described in your text?

Accepted Answer

A) A set of organizing principles derived from experience and leading to permanent changes in behavior or knowledge 
B) Internal mental processes including information processing,thinking,reasoning,and problem solving 
C) The ability to understand complex ideas,adapt effectively to the environment,learn from experience,engage in reasoning,and overcome obstacles 
D) A system for communicating thoughts and feelings using universally understood signals 
A) A set of organizing principles derived from experience and leading to permanent changes in behavior or knowledge 
B) Internal mental processes including information processing,thinking,reasoning,and problem solving 
C) The ability to understand complex ideas,adapt effectively to the environment,learn from experience,engage in reasoning,and overcome obstacles 
D) A system for communicating thoughts and feelings using universally understood signals B

Question 2

What is a rule of thumb approach in which we choose between alternatives based on emotional or "gut" reactions to stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A) Representativeness heuristic 
B) Recognition heuristic 
C) Affect heuristic 
D) Availability heuristic 
A) Representativeness heuristic 
B) Recognition heuristic 
C) Affect heuristic 
D) Availability heuristic C

Question 3

Standard measures of intelligence are positively correlated with ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the thickness of the cerebral cortex,particularly in the occipital and parietal lobes 
B) overall brain volume,particularly in the amygdala and hippocampus 
C) the thickness of the cerebral cortex,particularly in the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes 
D) overall brain volume,particularly in the cerebellum and pons 
A) the thickness of the cerebral cortex,particularly in the occipital and parietal lobes 
B) overall brain volume,particularly in the amygdala and hippocampus 
C) the thickness of the cerebral cortex,particularly in the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes 
D) overall brain volume,particularly in the cerebellum and pons C

Question 4

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921,which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A) Their high IQs declined. 
B) They enjoyed better physical health. 
C) Many were regarded as geniuses in their field. 
D) They were more likely to become alcoholic over time. 
A) Their high IQs declined. 
B) They enjoyed better physical health. 
C) Many were regarded as geniuses in their field. 
D) They were more likely to become alcoholic over time.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about algorithms?

Accepted Answer

A) Algorithms are step-by-step rules for reaching a particular solution. 
B) Algorithms can take in a relatively small amount of information as input. 
C) Algorithms may be inefficient when used by a human brain. 
D) Algorithms have roughly the same efficiency whether used by a human or a computer. 
A) Algorithms are step-by-step rules for reaching a particular solution. 
B) Algorithms can take in a relatively small amount of information as input. 
C) Algorithms may be inefficient when used by a human brain. 
D) Algorithms have roughly the same efficiency whether used by a human or a computer.

Question 6

Ape language must be taught laboriously,word order does not seem to matter to apes,and describing word use like "waterbird" as creative could be the product of trainer assumptions.This may support an argument that trainers of the apes might be ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) using biased approaches to teaching apes language 
B) making biased observations 
C) underestimating the language use of apes 
D) misinformed about the process of teaching language use to animals 
A) using biased approaches to teaching apes language 
B) making biased observations 
C) underestimating the language use of apes 
D) misinformed about the process of teaching language use to animals

Question 7

Which event occurring around 100,000 years ago possibly marked the start of modern language as we know it (Corballis,2004)?

Accepted Answer

A) The start of human migration to different continents 
B) The development of sophisticated hand tools 
C) A critical mutation in the FOXP-2 gene 
D) The end of the last Mesozoic era 
A) The start of human migration to different continents 
B) The development of sophisticated hand tools 
C) A critical mutation in the FOXP-2 gene 
D) The end of the last Mesozoic era

Question 8

At the start of the spring semester,Marie decides that she will focus more on her physical health.Her solution is to start jogging with a goal of running in the annual Memorial Day 10K.After training for several weeks,Marie completed the race but needed to walk for the last mile.What would be the next step for her as an effective problem solving strategy?

Accepted Answer

A) Celebrate her success. 
B) Continue to do what she has been doing. 
C) Choose a new problem to work on. 
D) Look back to see if the original problem has been solved. 
A) Celebrate her success. 
B) Continue to do what she has been doing. 
C) Choose a new problem to work on. 
D) Look back to see if the original problem has been solved.

Question 9

Children with several different types of bilingualism outperformed monolingual English speakers on tasks of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) delay of gratification 
B) executive control 
C) convergent thinking 
D) divergent thinking 
A) delay of gratification 
B) executive control 
C) convergent thinking 
D) divergent thinking

Question 10

One approach to language suggests that it results from some innate capacity shaped by natural selection,which implies that we might be able to find precursors of human language in the behavior of other animals.This is called the ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive 
B) developmental 
C) biological 
D) evolutionary 
A) cognitive 
B) developmental 
C) biological 
D) evolutionary

Question 11

Researchers have attempted to teach human languages to apes and African gray parrots,among others.What was one result of these interactions,based on the cases described in your text?

Accepted Answer

A) A chimpanzee successfully learned to vocalize a large number of words. 
B) A chimpanzee became virtually fluent in the comprehension of English language. 
C) An African gray parrot learned to engage in wide-ranging conversations on abstract topics. 
D) A gorilla was trained to communicate in sign language. 
A) A chimpanzee successfully learned to vocalize a large number of words. 
B) A chimpanzee became virtually fluent in the comprehension of English language. 
C) An African gray parrot learned to engage in wide-ranging conversations on abstract topics. 
D) A gorilla was trained to communicate in sign language.

Question 12

Compared to typical readers,readers with dyslexia showed ____.

Accepted Answer

A) greater activation of Broca's area,which participates in speech production 
B) greater facility with rhyming tasks and recognizing synonym pairs 
C) greater facility in discriminating among similar-sounding phonemes 
D) greater activity in a pathway connecting the visual cortex to Wernicke's area 
A) greater activation of Broca's area,which participates in speech production 
B) greater facility with rhyming tasks and recognizing synonym pairs 
C) greater facility in discriminating among similar-sounding phonemes 
D) greater activity in a pathway connecting the visual cortex to Wernicke's area

Question 13

The availability heuristic is a rule of thumb in which ____.

Accepted Answer

A) stimuli similar to a prototype are believed to be more likely than stimuli that are dissimilar to a prototype 
B) a higher value is placed on the more easily recognized alternative 
C) the frequency of an event's occurrence is predicted by the ease with which the event is brought to mind 
D) people choose between alternatives based on emotional or "gut" reactions to stimuli 
A) stimuli similar to a prototype are believed to be more likely than stimuli that are dissimilar to a prototype 
B) a higher value is placed on the more easily recognized alternative 
C) the frequency of an event's occurrence is predicted by the ease with which the event is brought to mind 
D) people choose between alternatives based on emotional or "gut" reactions to stimuli

Question 14

Rajon is trying to decide between majoring in communications and majoring in engineering.He considers the intensity of each major since he will be on the varsity football team next year,his interest in the subject matter of the required courses in each field,and the likelihood of finding a job after graduation.He has employed ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the affect heuristic 
B) an algorithm 
C) the representativeness heuristic 
D) utility theory 
A) the affect heuristic 
B) an algorithm 
C) the representativeness heuristic 
D) utility theory

Question 15

Joe has been a homicide detective in a Colorado Springs for several years and he is good at his job.He is often called on by other detectives to help with difficult cases.Which of the following reflects his fluid intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) Joe has comprehensive knowledge of ballistics,including the identification of weapons and interpretation of angle and distance of firing. 
B) Joe knows the history of local gangs and their allegiances from his years on the job. 
C) Joe finds that when he reads through a file,a detail will leap out at him as peculiar to the flow of events,which then helps to focus the direction of the investigation. 
D) Joe has learned a great deal about the psychology of domestic violence,which can be the underlying trigger of a homicide. 
A) Joe has comprehensive knowledge of ballistics,including the identification of weapons and interpretation of angle and distance of firing. 
B) Joe knows the history of local gangs and their allegiances from his years on the job. 
C) Joe finds that when he reads through a file,a detail will leap out at him as peculiar to the flow of events,which then helps to focus the direction of the investigation. 
D) Joe has learned a great deal about the psychology of domestic violence,which can be the underlying trigger of a homicide.

Question 16

The primary intention of an IQ test is to predict ____.

Accepted Answer

A) school performance 
B) the ability to adapt 
C) creative genius 
D) the ability to overcome obstacles 
A) school performance 
B) the ability to adapt 
C) creative genius 
D) the ability to overcome obstacles

Question 17

Describe the results of the research study on whether groups of people working together have a collective intelligence (Woolley,Chabris,Pentland,Hashmi,& Malone,2010).What factors contributed (or detracted)from the group's collective intelligence?
Briefly discuss a situation in which you worked on a group project at work,school,or within your family.In what ways did your experience reflect the research findings? How was the experience dissimilar?

Accepted Answer

Evidence from the research study suggest

Question 18

You and your roommates have been playing a massive multiplayer online game for hours.You take a break to clear your minds,and decide to debate the meaning of the terms heuristic and algorithm for fun.Which of the following would be an accurate contribution to your debate?

Accepted Answer

A) Heuristics provide an exhaustive evaluation of solutions. 
B) Heuristics do not guarantee a solution. 
C) Algorithms typically require less information than heuristics do. 
D) Algorithms are more time-efficient than heuristics. 
A) Heuristics provide an exhaustive evaluation of solutions. 
B) Heuristics do not guarantee a solution. 
C) Algorithms typically require less information than heuristics do. 
D) Algorithms are more time-efficient than heuristics.

Question 19

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

Accepted Answer

A) with the level of education of the population 
B) with the culture's distance from Africa along migration routes 
C) according to the cultural values embedded in the language 
D) with the level of assimilation into larger cultures 
A) with the level of education of the population 
B) with the culture's distance from Africa along migration routes 
C) according to the cultural values embedded in the language 
D) with the level of assimilation into larger cultures

Question 20

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage.The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the familiar versus the unfamiliar 
B) light versus dark 
C) humans versus animals 
D) animals versus nonliving things 
A) the familiar versus the unfamiliar 
B) light versus dark 
C) humans versus animals 
D) animals versus nonliving things

How is the term cognition,derived from the Latin word cogito,described in your text?

What is a rule of thumb approach in which we choose between alternatives based on emotional or "gut" reactions to stimuli?

Standard measures of intelligence are positively correlated with ____.

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921,which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

Which of the following is true about algorithms?

Ape language must be taught laboriously,word order does not seem to matter to apes,and describing word use like "waterbird" as creative could be the product of trainer assumptions.This may support an argument that trainers of the apes might be ___________.

Which event occurring around 100,000 years ago possibly marked the start of modern language as we know it (Corballis,2004)?

Children with several different types of bilingualism outperformed monolingual English speakers on tasks of ____.

One approach to language suggests that it results from some innate capacity shaped by natural selection,which implies that we might be able to find precursors of human language in the behavior of other animals.This is called the ____ approach.

Researchers have attempted to teach human languages to apes and African gray parrots,among others.What was one result of these interactions,based on the cases described in your text?

Compared to typical readers,readers with dyslexia showed ____.

The availability heuristic is a rule of thumb in which ____.

Joe has been a homicide detective in a Colorado Springs for several years and he is good at his job.He is often called on by other detectives to help with difficult cases.Which of the following reflects his fluid intelligence?

The primary intention of an IQ test is to predict ____.

You and your roommates have been playing a massive multiplayer online game for hours.You take a break to clear your minds,and decide to debate the meaning of the terms heuristic and algorithm for fun.Which of the following would be an accurate contribution to your debate?

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage.The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind Elements of Consciousness

The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation

The Adaptive Mind Learning

The Knowing Mind Memory

The Developing Mind Life Span Development

The Individual Mind Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy

The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

Filters

Exam 10: The Thinking Mind Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

How is the term cognition,derived from the Latin word cogito,described in your text?

What is a rule of thumb approach in which we choose between alternatives based on emotional or "gut" reactions to stimuli?

Standard measures of intelligence are positively correlated with ____.

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921,which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

Which of the following is true about algorithms?

Ape language must be taught laboriously,word order does not seem to matter to apes,and describing word use like "waterbird" as creative could be the product of trainer assumptions.This may support an argument that trainers of the apes might be ___________.

Which event occurring around 100,000 years ago possibly marked the start of modern language as we know it (Corballis,2004)?

Children with several different types of bilingualism outperformed monolingual English speakers on tasks of ____.

One approach to language suggests that it results from some innate capacity shaped by natural selection,which implies that we might be able to find precursors of human language in the behavior of other animals.This is called the ____ approach.

Researchers have attempted to teach human languages to apes and African gray parrots,among others.What was one result of these interactions,based on the cases described in your text?

Compared to typical readers,readers with dyslexia showed ____.

The availability heuristic is a rule of thumb in which ____.

Joe has been a homicide detective in a Colorado Springs for several years and he is good at his job.He is often called on by other detectives to help with difficult cases.Which of the following reflects his fluid intelligence?

The primary intention of an IQ test is to predict ____.

You and your roommates have been playing a massive multiplayer online game for hours.You take a break to clear your minds,and decide to debate the meaning of the terms heuristic and algorithm for fun.Which of the following would be an accurate contribution to your debate?

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage.The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind Elements of Consciousness

The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation

The Adaptive Mind Learning

The Knowing Mind Memory

The Developing Mind Life Span Development

The Individual Mind Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy

The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

Filters