Exam 8: The Adaptive Mind Learning

Peter's mother normally arrives home from work in a terrible mood,causing Peter extreme anxiety.However,when Peter sees that his mother is wearing sweat pants,Peter feels at ease,knowing that she has been home from work for a while.Peter's recognition that the sweatpants indicate no reason to feel anxious illustrates ____.

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement occurs after a set number of behaviors is called a ____ schedule.

What type of learning is most influential in developing and maintaining culture?

When he was 9 years old,Mike tried shrimp for the first time but fell very ill shortly thereafter.Within a few hours he was vomiting and was sick for the rest of the night.Now,years later,Mike cannot bring himself to eat shrimp.This is an example of ____.

Inevitable,involuntary responses to stimuli that are primarily controlled by circuits located in the spinal cord and brainstem are referred to as ____.

Which of the following is likely to provide the most powerful method for managing behavior?

Experienced whale trainer Dawn Brancheau was killed by one of her favorite killer whales during a 2010 show at Sea World in Orlando,Florida.Animal experts believed that the whale had simply reverted to normal whale behavior;illustrating ____.

What is true of latent inhibition?

The recognition that two different stimuli call for two different responses is known as ____.

Tim,who suffers from alcoholism,is prescribed disulfiram by his doctor to help him halt his alcohol consumption.Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant physiological effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed.This type of treatment is best described as ____.

How can extinction be avoided with operant conditioning?

Based on his experiments with rats in mazes,Edward Tolman believed that ____.

Counterconditioning in which people relax while being exposed to stimuli that elicit fear is referred to as ____.

The reappearance of conditioned responses after periods of rest between sessions of extinction training is called ____.

Sara allows her dog,Isabel,to run freely at a local park.When a truck drives by and its engine backfires loudly,Isabel quickly jumps up on her hind legs and barks loudly.Isabel's response illustrates ____.

What was a key implication of Garcia and Koelling's classic taste aversion studies?

A modified cage containing levers or buttons that can be pressed or pecked by animals and is used to investigate operant conditioning is referred to as a ____.

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which reinforcement occurs after a fluctuating number of behaviors is called a(n)____ schedule.

In which of the following scenarios is Roxie,the dog,most likely to rapidly learn to associate a conditioned stimulus with food?

Which condition is characterized by a lack of back-and-forth imitation of gestures and facial expressions during infancy and deficits in empathy and social skills later in life?