Question 1

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

Accepted Answer

A)  iron. 
B)  intrinsic factor. 
C)  folate. 
D)  erythropoietin. 
A)  iron. 
B)  intrinsic factor. 
C)  folate. 
D)  erythropoietin. B

Question 2

The cause of the most common form of anemia is

Accepted Answer

A)  acute bleeding. 
B)  iron deficiency. 
C)  protein malnutrition. 
D)  chronic disease. 
A)  acute bleeding. 
B)  iron deficiency. 
C)  protein malnutrition. 
D)  chronic disease. B

Question 3

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)are characteristic of which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency 
A)  Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency C

Question 4

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate 
B)  Iron 
C)  Magnesium 
D)  Calcium 
A)  Phosphate 
B)  Iron 
C)  Magnesium 
D)  Calcium

Question 5

The nurse is educating a patient diagnosed with anemia of chronic renal failure about the disease.Which statements made by the nurse are correct regarding the patient's treatment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  "Since your glomerular filtration is 13 mL/min, you'll be started on dialysis." 
B)  "Your hematocrit is 29%, so you're going to start on erythropoietin therapy." 
C)  "Your hemoglobin is 9 g/dL, so you'll need erythropoietin therapy." 
D)  "We need to get your hemoglobin up to at least 15 g/dL" 
E)  "You're going to need iron, folate, and B₁₂ therapy to help improve your blood counts." 
A)  "Since your glomerular filtration is 13 mL/min, you'll be started on dialysis." 
B)  "Your hematocrit is 29%, so you're going to start on erythropoietin therapy." 
C)  "Your hemoglobin is 9 g/dL, so you'll need erythropoietin therapy." 
D)  "We need to get your hemoglobin up to at least 15 g/dL" 
E)  "You're going to need iron, folate, and B₁₂ therapy to help improve your blood counts."

Question 6

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased total iron-binding capacity 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Hypovolemia 
D)  Jaundice 
A)  Increased total iron-binding capacity 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Hypovolemia 
D)  Jaundice

Question 7

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxyhemoglobin. 
B)  bicarbonate ion. 
C)  dissolved carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbonic acid. 
A)  carboxyhemoglobin. 
B)  bicarbonate ion. 
C)  dissolved carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbonic acid.

Question 8

What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Thrombocythemia 
C)  Neutrophilia 
D)  Pancytopenia 
A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Thrombocythemia 
C)  Neutrophilia 
D)  Pancytopenia

Question 9

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia,because they are both

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperchromic. 
B)  microcytic. 
C)  genetic. 
D)  responsive to iron therapy. 
A)  hyperchromic. 
B)  microcytic. 
C)  genetic. 
D)  responsive to iron therapy.

Question 11

Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal disease 
B)  Aplastic anemia 
C)  Hypertension 
D)  Hemolytic anemia 
A)  Renal disease 
B)  Aplastic anemia 
C)  Hypertension 
D)  Hemolytic anemia

Question 12

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperthermia. 
B)  shift to the right. 
C)  elevated PCO₂. 
D)  shift to the left. 
A)  hyperthermia. 
B)  shift to the right. 
C)  elevated PCO₂. 
D)  shift to the left.

Question 13

A newborn patient is diagnosed with hemolytic disease.The nurse may expect to find what signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Petechial hemorrhages 
B)  Hepatomegaly 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Kernicterus 
E)  Erythema 
A)  Petechial hemorrhages 
B)  Hepatomegaly 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Kernicterus 
E)  Erythema

Question 14

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

Accepted Answer

A)  iron administration. 
B)  high-protein diet. 
C)  erythropoietin administration. 
D)  vitamin B₁₂ and folate administration. 
A)  iron administration. 
B)  high-protein diet. 
C)  erythropoietin administration. 
D)  vitamin B₁₂ and folate administration.

Question 15

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  lung. 
D)  liver. 
A)  bone marrow. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  lung. 
D)  liver.

Question 16

The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin)or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body,because they

Accepted Answer

A)  contain cytoplasmic proteins. 
B)  have no cytoplasmic organelles. 
C)  have a longer life span. 
D)  contain glycolytic enzymes. 
A)  contain cytoplasmic proteins. 
B)  have no cytoplasmic organelles. 
C)  have a longer life span. 
D)  contain glycolytic enzymes.

Question 18

A patient is diagnosed with aplastic anemia.The nurse expects to find what patient symptoms upon assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Lethargy 
B)  Heart palpitations 
C)  Transient murmurs 
D)  Bradycardia 
E)  Orthopnea 
A)  Lethargy 
B)  Heart palpitations 
C)  Transient murmurs 
D)  Bradycardia 
E)  Orthopnea

Question 19

Regarding iron-deficiency anemia,what laboratory features are typically decreased? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  MCV 
B)  MCH 
C)  MCHC 
D)  WBC 
E)  Thrombocytes 
A)  MCV 
B)  MCH 
C)  MCHC 
D)  WBC 
E)  Thrombocytes

Question 20

Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  fats. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  acetyl coenzyme A. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  fats. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  acetyl coenzyme A.

Exam 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

The cause of the most common form of anemia is

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)are characteristic of which type of anemia?

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

The nurse is educating a patient diagnosed with anemia of chronic renal failure about the disease.Which statements made by the nurse are correct regarding the patient's treatment? (Select all that apply.)

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia,because they are both

Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

A newborn patient is diagnosed with hemolytic disease.The nurse may expect to find what signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin)or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts.

Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body,because they

A patient is diagnosed with aplastic anemia.The nurse expects to find what patient symptoms upon assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Regarding iron-deficiency anemia,what laboratory features are typically decreased? (Select all that apply.)

Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and Aids

Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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