Question 1

Which hormone is responsible for regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyrotropin 
B)  Androgen 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Cortisol 
A)  Thyrotropin 
B)  Androgen 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Cortisol D

Question 2

Which hormone is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone 
A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone C

Question 3

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to ________ secretion.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone 
A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone A

Question 4

Oversecretion of ACTH occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  Cushing disease. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  hypoglycemia. 
A)  Cushing disease. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  hypoglycemia.

Question 5

What suppresses the normal secretion of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Somatostatin 
C)  Somatomedin 
D)  Amino acids 
A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Somatostatin 
C)  Somatomedin 
D)  Amino acids

Question 6

It is true that lipid-soluble hormones are

Accepted Answer

A)  transported in a free state in the bloodstream. 
B)  bound to receptors on the plasma membranes of target cells. 
C)  diffused through cell membranes to activate intracellular receptors. 
D)  activated by second-messenger cascades within the target cell. 
A)  transported in a free state in the bloodstream. 
B)  bound to receptors on the plasma membranes of target cells. 
C)  diffused through cell membranes to activate intracellular receptors. 
D)  activated by second-messenger cascades within the target cell.

Question 7

Aldosterone secretion would be expected to produce which change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease sodium reabsorption 
B)  Decrease urine potassium 
C)  Decrease blood pressure 
D)  Increase blood pressure 
A)  Decrease sodium reabsorption 
B)  Decrease urine potassium 
C)  Decrease blood pressure 
D)  Increase blood pressure

Question 8

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Accepted Answer

A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone. 
A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone.

Question 9

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________ of the adrenal cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulosa 
B)  reticularis 
C)  fasciculata 
D)  medulla 
A)  glomerulosa 
B)  reticularis 
C)  fasciculata 
D)  medulla

Question 10

The endocrine system closely resembles the ________ system because many of their actions are coordinated at the level of the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous 
B)  immune 
C)  integumentary 
D)  lymphatic 
A)  nervous 
B)  immune 
C)  integumentary 
D)  lymphatic

Question 11

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin.

Question 12

The most common mechanism regulating hormone production and secretion is

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 13

The tightness of the hormone-receptor bond is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  specificity. 
B)  affinity. 
C)  half-life. 
D)  set-point. 
A)  specificity. 
B)  affinity. 
C)  half-life. 
D)  set-point.

Question 14

In primary thyroid hormone deficiency,the TSH levels are

Accepted Answer

A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  undetectable. 
D)  constantly fluctuating. 
A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  undetectable. 
D)  constantly fluctuating.

Question 15

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous hormones suppress endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation. 
A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous hormones suppress endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation.

Question 16

_________ is the hormone which causes uterine and milk duct contractions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasopressin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Antidiuretic 
A)  Vasopressin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Antidiuretic

Question 17

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary hyposecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma. 
A)  pituitary hyposecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma.

Question 18

Growth hormone has several effects on the body,including

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function. 
A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function.

Question 19

Thyroid hormones are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides. 
B)  tyrosine amino acids. 
C)  globulin. 
D)  catecholamines. 
A)  peptides. 
B)  tyrosine amino acids. 
C)  globulin. 
D)  catecholamines.

Question 20

Hormones that are released from the anterior pituitary gland include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  luteinizing hormone. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone. 
A)  luteinizing hormone. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone.

Exam 39: Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Which hormone is responsible for regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions?

Which hormone is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to ________ secretion.

Oversecretion of ACTH occurs in

What suppresses the normal secretion of growth hormone?

It is true that lipid-soluble hormones are

Aldosterone secretion would be expected to produce which change?

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________ of the adrenal cortex.

The endocrine system closely resembles the ________ system because many of their actions are coordinated at the level of the hypothalamus.

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

The most common mechanism regulating hormone production and secretion is

The tightness of the hormone-receptor bond is known as

In primary thyroid hormone deficiency,the TSH levels are

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

_________ is the hormone which causes uterine and milk duct contractions.

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Growth hormone has several effects on the body,including

Thyroid hormones are derived from

Hormones that are released from the anterior pituitary gland include (Select all that apply.)

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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