Question 1

According to Piaget,children typically solve problems by trial and error during the ____________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor
Piaget's theory involves sensory and motor interactions with the environment,leading to information processing.This information processing is believed to be the basis of problem-solving and critical thinking skills.

Question 2

When the driver who is stopped for speeding tells the officer that he was rushing to an important appointment,this is an example of the defense mechanism of:

Accepted Answer

A)  identification. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  repression. 
A)  identification. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  repression. B

Question 3

The school nurse recognizes the defense mechanism of _____________when the 7-year-old first grader throws his crayons on the floor after he has been reprimanded by the teacher for boisterous behavior.

Accepted Answer

displacement
Displacement is the defense mechanism in which an individual expresses feelings (usually anger)he has about one person again another person or object.

Question 4

The function of Freud's defense mechanism is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  foster learning, growth, and adaptation. 
B)  inflate the self-image. 
C)  resolve interpersonal conflicts. 
D)  relieve anxiety. 
A)  foster learning, growth, and adaptation. 
B)  inflate the self-image. 
C)  resolve interpersonal conflicts. 
D)  relieve anxiety.

Question 5

The best advice to parents who want to encourage autonomy in their toddler would be to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children. 
B)  help the toddler learn right from wrong. 
C)  help the toddler to complete tasks. 
D)  encourage the toddler to do things for himself. 
A)  provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children. 
B)  help the toddler learn right from wrong. 
C)  help the toddler to complete tasks. 
D)  encourage the toddler to do things for himself.

Question 6

The theorist who proposed a psychosocial theory that human development occurs as a result of interactions among the environment,culture,and the individual was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Erik Erikson. 
B)  Daniel Levinson. 
C)  Carl Jung. 
D)  Robert Keegan. 
A)  Erik Erikson. 
B)  Daniel Levinson. 
C)  Carl Jung. 
D)  Robert Keegan.

Question 7

When the father of a 12-year-old says,"I must find some way to get my son to become serious about school.He just seems to want to play all the time." The parent is in the __________ stage of parenting behaviors described by Erik Erikson.

Accepted Answer

A)  parental image 
B)  authority 
C)  integrative 
D)  independent 
A)  parental image 
B)  authority 
C)  integrative 
D)  independent

Question 8

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that basic physiological needs must be met before the individual can reach full potential.An example of a physiological need being met is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the need to be well thought of by oneself as well as by others. 
B)  obtaining prenatal care early in pregnancy. 
C)  drinking eight glasses of water a day and following a well-balanced diet. 
D)  building an extra room for an elder onto a small house. 
A)  the need to be well thought of by oneself as well as by others. 
B)  obtaining prenatal care early in pregnancy. 
C)  drinking eight glasses of water a day and following a well-balanced diet. 
D)  building an extra room for an elder onto a small house.

Question 9

The behavior most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development is:

Accepted Answer

A)  progression from reflex activity to imitative behavior. 
B)  inability to put oneself in another's place. 
C)  thought processes become increasingly logical and coherent. 
D)  ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions. 
A)  progression from reflex activity to imitative behavior. 
B)  inability to put oneself in another's place. 
C)  thought processes become increasingly logical and coherent. 
D)  ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions.

Question 10

The characteristic common to all developmental models is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  chronological age is the most important factor. 
B)  development is a continuous process throughout the lifespan. 
C)  development depends on physical growth. 
D)  developmental progress continues regardless of environment. 
A)  chronological age is the most important factor. 
B)  development is a continuous process throughout the lifespan. 
C)  development depends on physical growth. 
D)  developmental progress continues regardless of environment.

Question 11

According to the language/culture developmental theory of Lev Vygotsky,preschool-age children guide their own behavior by the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance of punishment. 
B)  imitating older children. 
C)  relying on their autonomy. 
D)  inner language. 
A)  avoidance of punishment. 
B)  imitating older children. 
C)  relying on their autonomy. 
D)  inner language.

Question 12

Behavior modification is basically designed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  probe the unconscious motives of behavior. 
B)  alter current behavior patterns. 
C)  produce basic changes in personality. 
D)  relieve conflicts in behavior. 
A)  probe the unconscious motives of behavior. 
B)  alter current behavior patterns. 
C)  produce basic changes in personality. 
D)  relieve conflicts in behavior.

Question 13

Psychodynamic developmental theories focus on resolution or development of: (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)  thinking/reasoning skills. 
B)  love/attachment. 
C)  personality traits. 
D)  cultural adjustment. 
E)  psychological challenges. 
A)  thinking/reasoning skills. 
B)  love/attachment. 
C)  personality traits. 
D)  cultural adjustment. 
E)  psychological challenges.

Question 14

When the health-care worker praises a child for eating all of the meal and expresses disappointment when the child does not eat,the health-care worker is following the behavioral theory of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner. 
B)  Erikson. 
C)  Freud. 
D)  Havighurst. 
A)  Skinner. 
B)  Erikson. 
C)  Freud. 
D)  Havighurst.

Question 15

A 10-year-old child has demonstrated exceptional spelling ability in several school and community contests and is recognized in his school by teachers and peers for his ability.He believes he can win the state championship.This situation is representative of the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  latency; achievement of skills (Freud). 
B)  mastery of environment; match between ideal and actual self (Rogers). 
C)  initiative; following rules (Erikson). 
D)  academic recognition; value of the less aggressive child (Bronfenbrenner). 
A)  latency; achievement of skills (Freud). 
B)  mastery of environment; match between ideal and actual self (Rogers). 
C)  initiative; following rules (Erikson). 
D)  academic recognition; value of the less aggressive child (Bronfenbrenner).

Question 16

A woman whose husband retired 6 months ago says that he is "driving me crazy" and is "underfoot all the time." These complaints indicate that the wife is in the retirement developmental stage of:

Accepted Answer

A)  honeymoon. 
B)  terminal. 
C)  disenchantment. 
D)  freedom. 
A)  honeymoon. 
B)  terminal. 
C)  disenchantment. 
D)  freedom.

Question 17

According to Kohlberg,children develop moral reasoning as they mature.Which action is most characteristic of a school-age child's stage of moral development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rules are obeyed to avoid punishment. 
B)  Rules are followed to gain recognition. 
C)  Behavior that pleases others is considered good. 
D)  Showing respect for authority is important behavior. 
A)  Rules are obeyed to avoid punishment. 
B)  Rules are followed to gain recognition. 
C)  Behavior that pleases others is considered good. 
D)  Showing respect for authority is important behavior.

Question 18

To promote a sense of industry in a hospitalized school-age child,the health-care worker should:

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage the child to read a book. 
B)  ask the parents of the child to bring a favorite toy from home. 
C)  encourage the child to telephone friends and family members. 
D)  ask the child to help pick up all the stuffed toys in the playroom. 
A)  encourage the child to read a book. 
B)  ask the parents of the child to bring a favorite toy from home. 
C)  encourage the child to telephone friends and family members. 
D)  ask the child to help pick up all the stuffed toys in the playroom.

Question 19

A school-age child who is helping his father wash the car is told by his father that he is leaving "streaks all over the windows." The child feels his father thinks he's stupid for not being able to wash windows correctly.This incorporation of "being stupid" into the child's self-concept illustrates an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  moral reasoning (Kohlberg). 
B)  information processing (Piaget). 
C)  looking-glass self (Cooley and Mead). 
D)  imitation of behavior (Bandura and Mischel). 
A)  moral reasoning (Kohlberg). 
B)  information processing (Piaget). 
C)  looking-glass self (Cooley and Mead). 
D)  imitation of behavior (Bandura and Mischel).

Question 20

According to the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg,the health-care worker can anticipate that the moral development of a 2-year-old will follow the preconventional pattern by:

Accepted Answer

A)  obeying rules to avoid punishment. 
B)  conforming to rules to gain reward. 
C)  following rules to be thought of as "good." 
D)  desiring to do the "right" thing. 
A)  obeying rules to avoid punishment. 
B)  conforming to rules to gain reward. 
C)  following rules to be thought of as "good." 
D)  desiring to do the "right" thing.

According to Piaget,children typically solve problems by trial and error during the ____________ stage of development.

When the driver who is stopped for speeding tells the officer that he was rushing to an important appointment,this is an example of the defense mechanism of:

The school nurse recognizes the defense mechanism of _____________when the 7-year-old first grader throws his crayons on the floor after he has been reprimanded by the teacher for boisterous behavior.

The function of Freud's defense mechanism is to:

The best advice to parents who want to encourage autonomy in their toddler would be to:

The theorist who proposed a psychosocial theory that human development occurs as a result of interactions among the environment,culture,and the individual was:

When the father of a 12-year-old says,"I must find some way to get my son to become serious about school.He just seems to want to play all the time." The parent is in the __________ stage of parenting behaviors described by Erik Erikson.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that basic physiological needs must be met before the individual can reach full potential.An example of a physiological need being met is:

The behavior most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development is:

The characteristic common to all developmental models is that:

According to the language/culture developmental theory of Lev Vygotsky,preschool-age children guide their own behavior by the use of:

Behavior modification is basically designed to:

Psychodynamic developmental theories focus on resolution or development of: (Select all that apply. )

When the health-care worker praises a child for eating all of the meal and expresses disappointment when the child does not eat,the health-care worker is following the behavioral theory of:

A 10-year-old child has demonstrated exceptional spelling ability in several school and community contests and is recognized in his school by teachers and peers for his ability.He believes he can win the state championship.This situation is representative of the concept of:

A woman whose husband retired 6 months ago says that he is "driving me crazy" and is "underfoot all the time." These complaints indicate that the wife is in the retirement developmental stage of:

According to Kohlberg,children develop moral reasoning as they mature.Which action is most characteristic of a school-age child's stage of moral development?

To promote a sense of industry in a hospitalized school-age child,the health-care worker should:

According to the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg,the health-care worker can anticipate that the moral development of a 2-year-old will follow the preconventional pattern by:

Healthy People 2020

Government Influences on Health Care

Cultural Considerations Across the Lifespan and in Health and Illness

The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle

Prenatal Influences on Healthy Development

The Infant

Early Childhood

Middle Childhood

Adolescence

Young Adulthood

Middle Adulthood

Late Adulthood

Advanced Old-Age and Geriatrics

Planning for the End of Life

Bereavement

Filters

Exam 5: Theories of Development

According to Piaget,children typically solve problems by trial and error during the ____________ stage of development.

When the driver who is stopped for speeding tells the officer that he was rushing to an important appointment,this is an example of the defense mechanism of:

The school nurse recognizes the defense mechanism of _____________when the 7-year-old first grader throws his crayons on the floor after he has been reprimanded by the teacher for boisterous behavior.

The function of Freud's defense mechanism is to:

The best advice to parents who want to encourage autonomy in their toddler would be to:

The theorist who proposed a psychosocial theory that human development occurs as a result of interactions among the environment,culture,and the individual was:

When the father of a 12-year-old says,"I must find some way to get my son to become serious about school.He just seems to want to play all the time." The parent is in the __________ stage of parenting behaviors described by Erik Erikson.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that basic physiological needs must be met before the individual can reach full potential.An example of a physiological need being met is:

The behavior most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development is:

The characteristic common to all developmental models is that:

According to the language/culture developmental theory of Lev Vygotsky,preschool-age children guide their own behavior by the use of:

Behavior modification is basically designed to:

Psychodynamic developmental theories focus on resolution or development of: (Select all that apply. )

When the health-care worker praises a child for eating all of the meal and expresses disappointment when the child does not eat,the health-care worker is following the behavioral theory of:

A 10-year-old child has demonstrated exceptional spelling ability in several school and community contests and is recognized in his school by teachers and peers for his ability.He believes he can win the state championship.This situation is representative of the concept of:

A woman whose husband retired 6 months ago says that he is "driving me crazy" and is "underfoot all the time." These complaints indicate that the wife is in the retirement developmental stage of:

According to Kohlberg,children develop moral reasoning as they mature.Which action is most characteristic of a school-age child's stage of moral development?

To promote a sense of industry in a hospitalized school-age child,the health-care worker should:

According to the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg,the health-care worker can anticipate that the moral development of a 2-year-old will follow the preconventional pattern by:

Healthy People 2020

Government Influences on Health Care

Cultural Considerations Across the Lifespan and in Health and Illness

The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle

Prenatal Influences on Healthy Development

The Infant

Early Childhood

Middle Childhood

Adolescence

Young Adulthood

Middle Adulthood

Late Adulthood

Advanced Old-Age and Geriatrics

Planning for the End of Life

Bereavement

Filters