Exam 9: Personality and Life Outcomes

Which of the following statements about the problem of faking on integrity tests can be considered accurate? 1)Job applicants generally get considerably higher scores on integrity tests than do current employees,thus suggesting that applicants probably do "fake" to some extent 2)Because of faking,integrity tests actually have negative validity in predicting job performance 3)Some research shows that people who obtain high scores on scales designed to detect faking actually behave more honestly than do people who obtain lower "faking" scores.

Which of the following can accurately describe the findings of research on the relations between personality and academic performance?

Van Iddekinge et al. (2011)recently reported a new meta-analysis on the validity of integrity test scores in predicting the job performance,the employer reported counterproductive behavior,and the self-reported counterproductive behavior of employees.Which of those criteria did integrity tests predict most strongly?

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a plausible reason for the link between a personality pattern of "hostile dominance" and increased risk of heart disease?

Recall that Terracciano and Costa (2004)compared the personality characteristics of persons who had never smoked,of persons who had quit smoking,and of persons who were current smokers.How did the personality trait levels of people who had quit smoking compare with the personality trait levels of people who had never smoked and of people who were current smokers?

Suppose that person has both (a)a strong tendency to experience positive emotions,and (b)a strong tendency to experience negative emotions,as indicated by averaged observer reports of this individual's personality.What can be inferred about this person's likely level of (self-reported)life satisfaction?

According to research findings,which combination of self-esteem and Narcissism levels is most likely to be associated with aggressive,hostile behavior?

Suppose that a person is extremely exploitative and manipulative of others,but is able to control his or her impulses and is careful to avoid getting into trouble.How would this person be described in terms of primary and secondary psychopathy?

Suppose that a person has levels of Big Five Agreeableness,Emotional Stability,and Conscientiousness that are all well above average.Given the findings of Malouff et al. (2010)and Dyrenforth et al. (2010),what is the best prediction for the levels of marital satisfaction for this person and for his or her spouse?

Recall the findings of Dyrenforth et al. (2010)about marital satisfaction in relation to the spouses' similarity (or dissimilarity)in personality trait levels.Which of the following accurately summarizes their findings?

Recall the cross-cultural study by Schimmack et al.of life satisfaction in relation to emotions and personality traits.Which of the following best describes the strength of the relations of life satisfaction with personality traits in these cultures?

An investigation by Elkins et al. (2006)found that 17-year-olds who had low levels of traits related to two of the Big Five personality factors were at higher risk for having or developing problems with substance use.Which personality factors were these?

Which two HEXACO factors were found by Lee et al.to show some appreciable levels of similarity and perceived (or assumed)similarity between friends?

What results have typically been found in comparisons of spouses' personalities?

In their analyses of longitudinal data from Terman's study of gifted children,what did Friedman et al. (1993)find regarding the relations between childhood personality characteristics and longevity?

A study of social status among college students by Anderson et al. (2001)examined the relations between self-reports on the Big Five personality factors and observer ratings of prominence,influence,and respect.Which Big Five factor was found to be associated with these social status ratings,both for men and for women?

Which of the following statements about integrity tests can be considered accurate? 1)Only the "personality-based" integrity tests are associated with better job performance 2)"Overt" integrity tests ask respondents about their previous criminal activity and about their attitudes toward such activity 3)Integrity tests generally measure characteristics related to the broad factors of Conscientiousness and Honesty-Humility.

Friedman et al. (1995)investigated further details of the link between childhood personality and longevity.According to their findings,the relations between childhood personality and early mortality were fully accounted for by which of the following causes?