Question 1

What are consequences of a zinc deficient diet?

Accepted Answer

A zinc deficient diet can lead to a range of health consequences because zinc is an essential trace element that plays a crucial role in many bodily functions. Here are some of the potential consequences of zinc deficiency:

1. **Impaired Immune Function**: Zinc is vital for the proper functioning of the immune system. A deficiency can weaken the immune response, making an individual more susceptible to infections and illnesses.

2. **Delayed Wound Healing**: Zinc plays a role in maintaining skin integrity and structure. Without adequate zinc, wound healing can be slower, and the risk of infection can increase.

3. **Growth Retardation**: In children, zinc deficiency can result in stunted growth and delayed sexual maturation because zinc is essential for growth and development.

4. **Hair Loss**: Zinc is important for cell growth, and a deficiency can cause hair loss or lead to conditions like alopecia.

5. **Skin Lesions**: Skin problems such as rashes, acne, and eczema can be exacerbated by a lack of zinc.

6. **Loss of Appetite**: Zinc deficiency can lead to a decrease in appetite, which can further exacerbate nutritional deficiencies.

7. **Taste and Smell Dysfunction**: Zinc is important for the proper functioning of taste and smell receptors. Deficiency can lead to a diminished sense of taste and smell.

8. **Diarrhea**: Chronic zinc deficiency can contribute to persistent diarrhea, especially in children, which can also lead to malnutrition.

9. **Cognitive Dysfunction**: Zinc is important for brain health and cognitive function. Deficiency can impair cognitive development in children and contribute to cognitive decline in adults.

10. **Reproductive Issues**: Zinc plays a role in fertility and reproductive health. In men, zinc deficiency can lead to hypogonadism and reduced testosterone levels, while in women, it can affect menstrual health and pregnancy outcomes.

11. **Eye Health**: Zinc is present in high concentrations in the eye, and deficiency can lead to vision problems, including night blindness.

12. **Behavioral Issues**: In children, zinc deficiency has been linked to attention deficit disorders, hyperactivity, and irritability.

It's important to note that the severity of these consequences can vary depending on the level of deficiency and the duration of inadequate zinc intake. To prevent zinc deficiency, it is important to consume a balanced diet that includes zinc-rich foods such as meat, shellfish, legumes, seeds, nuts, dairy products, and whole grains. In some cases, supplementation may be necessary under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Question 2

Which of the following is the poorest source of iodine?

Accepted Answer

A) Apricots 
B) Milk 
C) Shrimp 
D) Iodized salt 
A) Apricots 
B) Milk 
C) Shrimp 
D) Iodized salt A

Question 3

Zinc deficiency in Iranian and Egyptian men occurred because:

Accepted Answer

A) they did not eat meat. 
B) the diet was low in zinc since local soils were low in zinc. 
C) they consumed diets high in animal protein,which inhibits zinc absorption. 
D) phytates in the diet bound zinc,decreasing its bioavailability. 
A) they did not eat meat. 
B) the diet was low in zinc since local soils were low in zinc. 
C) they consumed diets high in animal protein,which inhibits zinc absorption. 
D) phytates in the diet bound zinc,decreasing its bioavailability. D

Question 4

Fluoride has shown to be most effective in preventing:

Accepted Answer

A) colon cancer. 
B) dental caries. 
C) osteomalacia. 
D) obesity. 
A) colon cancer. 
B) dental caries. 
C) osteomalacia. 
D) obesity.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Cooking in iron skillets can provide dietary iron. 
B) Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. 
C) Phytates in cereal enhance the absorption of iron. 
D) Calcium supplements decrease iron absorption. 
A) Cooking in iron skillets can provide dietary iron. 
B) Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. 
C) Phytates in cereal enhance the absorption of iron. 
D) Calcium supplements decrease iron absorption.

Question 6

What role does chromium play in the body?

Accepted Answer

Chromium is a trace mineral that plays a

Question 7

Which statement about zinc toxicity is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It can lower HDL cholesterol. 
B) It may occur from food and beverage contamination by galvanized containers. 
C) Zinc toxicity interferes with the function of iron in superoxide dismutase. 
D) It can decrease immune function. 
A) It can lower HDL cholesterol. 
B) It may occur from food and beverage contamination by galvanized containers. 
C) Zinc toxicity interferes with the function of iron in superoxide dismutase. 
D) It can decrease immune function.

Question 8

Which of the following would NOT enhance absorption of the iron found in supplements?

Accepted Answer

A) Consuming the supplement with a meal containing beef 
B) Taking it with a calcium supplement 
C) Taking the supplement with a meal containing fish 
D) Consuming it with orange juice 
A) Consuming the supplement with a meal containing beef 
B) Taking it with a calcium supplement 
C) Taking the supplement with a meal containing fish 
D) Consuming it with orange juice

Question 9

Why is fluoride commonly added to drinking water?

Accepted Answer

Fluoride is commonly added to drinking w

Question 10

How iron levels maintained in the body?

Accepted Answer

Iron levels in the body are maintained t

Question 11

Copper deficiency is most likely to occur in:

Accepted Answer

A) pre-term infants. 
B) children aged 1-3. 
C) adolescents. 
D) the elderly. 
A) pre-term infants. 
B) children aged 1-3. 
C) adolescents. 
D) the elderly.

Question 12

Which is the true statement about iron loss?

Accepted Answer

A) When red blood cells die,the iron in the cells is excreted. 
B) Most loss of iron from the body is associated with blood loss. 
C) There is significant loss of iron through the urinary tract. 
D) Iron from red blood cells binds to calcium and is excreted through the large intestine. 
A) When red blood cells die,the iron in the cells is excreted. 
B) Most loss of iron from the body is associated with blood loss. 
C) There is significant loss of iron through the urinary tract. 
D) Iron from red blood cells binds to calcium and is excreted through the large intestine.

Question 13

How can a person increase their intake of dietary iron?

Accepted Answer

A person can increase their intake of di

Question 14

Proteins containing selenium as a component of their amino acids are called:

Accepted Answer

A) glutathione peroxidases. 
B) selenoenzymes. 
C) selenoproteins. 
D) superoxide dismutases. 
A) glutathione peroxidases. 
B) selenoenzymes. 
C) selenoproteins. 
D) superoxide dismutases.

Question 15

A low selenium diet has been most highly associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) arthritis. 
B) cancer. 
C) dementia. 
D) diabetes. 
A) arthritis. 
B) cancer. 
C) dementia. 
D) diabetes.

Question 16

The richest source(s)of copper in the diet is (are):

Accepted Answer

A) organ meats such as liver and kidney. 
B) brewer's yeast. 
C) avocados. 
D) chicken and turkey. 
A) organ meats such as liver and kidney. 
B) brewer's yeast. 
C) avocados. 
D) chicken and turkey.

Question 17

Which statement regarding antioxidant supplements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Some antioxidant supplements can actually enhance oxidation. 
B) The optimum dose of each antioxidant is unknown. 
C) Supplements cannot replace the benefits of eating antioxidant-rich foods. 
D) Antioxidant enzyme supplements have been shown to boost defenses. 
A) Some antioxidant supplements can actually enhance oxidation. 
B) The optimum dose of each antioxidant is unknown. 
C) Supplements cannot replace the benefits of eating antioxidant-rich foods. 
D) Antioxidant enzyme supplements have been shown to boost defenses.

Question 18

What are good dietary sources of iodine?

Accepted Answer

Good dietary sources of iodine include:

Question 19

Which is NOT a plentiful source of zinc?

Accepted Answer

A) Beef 
B) Refried beans 
C) Saltine crackers 
D) Yogurt 
A) Beef 
B) Refried beans 
C) Saltine crackers 
D) Yogurt

Question 20

Which statement about overt chronic chromium deficiency is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) It may in part explain the obesity epidemic in the US. 
B) It is common in the U.S.since so many processed foods are consumed. 
C) Overt chronic chromium deficiency may occur in malnourished children. 
D) Chromium deficiency results in high blood pressure and increased risk of stroke. 
A) It may in part explain the obesity epidemic in the US. 
B) It is common in the U.S.since so many processed foods are consumed. 
C) Overt chronic chromium deficiency may occur in malnourished children. 
D) Chromium deficiency results in high blood pressure and increased risk of stroke.

Exam 12: The Trace Minerals

What are consequences of a zinc deficient diet?

Which of the following is the poorest source of iodine?

Zinc deficiency in Iranian and Egyptian men occurred because:

Fluoride has shown to be most effective in preventing:

Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

What role does chromium play in the body?

Which statement about zinc toxicity is FALSE?

Which of the following would NOT enhance absorption of the iron found in supplements?

Why is fluoride commonly added to drinking water?

How iron levels maintained in the body?

Copper deficiency is most likely to occur in:

Which is the true statement about iron loss?

How can a person increase their intake of dietary iron?

Proteins containing selenium as a component of their amino acids are called:

A low selenium diet has been most highly associated with:

The richest source(s)of copper in the diet is (are):

Which statement regarding antioxidant supplements is FALSE?

What are good dietary sources of iodine?

Which is NOT a plentiful source of zinc?

Which statement about overt chronic chromium deficiency is correct?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus on Alcohol

Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitaminnonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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