Exam 4: Differences in Culture

Compare and contrast the principles of Hinduism and Buddhism.B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama, an Indian prince who renounced his wealth to pursue an ascetic lifestyle and spiritual perfection. Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism does not support the caste system. Nor does Buddhism advocate the kind of extreme ascetic behavior that is encouraged by Hinduism. Nevertheless, like Hindus, Buddhists stress the afterlife and spiritual achievement rather than involvement in this world. But unlike Hinduism, the lack of support for the caste system and extreme ascetic behavior suggests that a Buddhist society may represent a more fertile ground for entrepreneurial activity than a Hindu culture.

Which of the following is not concerned with the supernatural, has little to say about the concept of a supreme being or an afterlife, and believes that loyalty to one's superiors is an absolute obligation?

In a social context, the term values is used to describe the:

A caste system is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born.

A decade ago the government of Weinsland decided to liberalize the country's economy. As a result, today the country is experiencing rapid economic advancement and societal changes that are favorable for international business. Which of the following changes is most likely to occur in Weinsland?

Mudarabah and the murabaha are:

Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime?

Which of the following statements is true with regard to Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions?

In the Republic of Cedia, people are extremely conscious about their social backgrounds. This in turn regulates their relationships with members of other classes. As a result of the heightened class consciousness:

What are the three values that are central to the Confucian system of ethics?

Max Weber argued that the ascetic principles embedded in which of the following do not encourage entrepreneurial activity in pursuit of wealth creation because it is perceived that such activities make the attainment of nirvana more difficult?

In a society, actions of people directed toward one another are governed by a set of social rules called:

Which of the following is an ethical system that has influenced behavior and shaped culture in parts of Asia and is not considered as a religion?

According to Max Weber, Protestant ethics discouraged the development of capitalism.

Which of the following refers to a condition where people tend to perceive themselves in terms of their class background, and this shapes their relationships with members of other classes?

Hindus see mobility between castes as something that can be achieved through:

In American society, the high degree of social mobility and the extreme emphasis on individualism have resulted in the emergence of class consciousness.

According to Max Weber, Protestantism encouraged capitalism's development by:

According to the World Values Survey, as countries get richer, a shift occurs away from "traditional values" linked to religion, family, and country, and toward "secular rational" values.

Rituals and symbols are the most visible manifestations of a culture and constitute the outward expression of deeper values.